E.H. Cookridge
Series 8
Research Materials. 1921-1979. 6.86 m of textual records
and graphic material. Title based on content of the series.
The series mainly contains news clippings but there are also some typescripts,
mimeographs, hand written notes, correspondence, magazine tear-sheets,
film negatives and one reel of microfilm. Most of the material is contained
in numbered envelopes. Some of the material is in file folders. Some
original news clippings have been photocopied for preservation purposes.
Arrangement:
Africa, Boxes 75-76
Arab-Oil Embargo and other topics, Boxes 80-81
China, Box 77
Communist Satellite States, Boxes 51-2
Countries of the world in alphabetical order, Boxes 83-6
Crime and other topics, Box 82
East Germany, Box 49
France, Box 50
Germany, Boxes 46-48
Great Britain, Boxes 36-42
Ireland, Boxes 44-5
Israel, Palestine, Middle East, Boxes 66-74
NATO, UN, Box 51
Soviet Union, Boxes 53-5
Soviet Spies in Britain, Boxes 56-8
Soviet Spies elsewhere, Boxes 59-60
USA, Boxes 61-64
Various oversize materials, Box 65
Various Topics, Box 43
Box 36
Great Britain, history of:
F.1 Espionage. Typescript copy of an essay on the history
of espionage, mainly British, by Susan McManus (1970)
F.2 Britain. Clippings on miscellaneous historical subjects.
Many are book reviews.
British Secret Service: (Files 3-6)
F.3 British Secret Service History. Research material for
an unpublished book The History of the British Secret Service.
Historical subjects from the Norman Conquest to the Commonwealth under
Oliver Cromwell placed in envelopes. Included are many book reviews.
a) H1: Early History
b) H2: Norman and Plantagenet Kings from William to Edward II (1066-1307)
c) H3: Lancaster and York. Kings from Edward III to the Tudors.
d) H4: Tudors: Henry VII (1485-1509), Henry VIII (1509-1547), Wolsey
(1471-1530), Edward VI (1547-1553), Mary (1553-1558).
e) H5: Tudors: Elizabeth I (1558-1603), Cecils, Walsingham.
f) H6: Stuarts: James 1 (1603-1625); Charles I (1629-1649); Gunpowder
Plot; Robert Carr (Duke of Somerset), the Kings favourite after
Robert Cecil; George Villiers (Buckingham), assassinated Aug. 13, 1628
under Charles I.
g) H7: Commonwealth: Oliver Cromwell, Scott, Thurloe.
F.4
a) H 8: Seventeenth century after the Restoration: Charles II, James
II, William and Mary (1689-1702), Monmouth Rebellion, Popish Plot (1685),
Glorious Revolution (1689). Topics covered: Pepys, Navy, events of 1688,
1689, the Bentincks, James II.
b) H 9: Clippings: 1966-1975. Queen Anne, Marlborough, Union of England
and Scotland (1707), Harley, Defoe. Topics covered: European diplomacy
1451-1789; Cookridges notes, William and Mary, Marlborough, Bolingbroke
and Harley, Defoe, Prior.
c) H 10: Early and mid-18th Century: Clippings: 1974-75. Walpole, Prior,
Eden (from Queen Anne) to George I (1714-1727), George II (1727-1760),
Jacobite Rebellions (1715) to Bonny Prince Charlie and Culloden (1745);
Cookridges notes; Spanish shipwrecks of 1715; Newcastle; Prebble.
d) H 11: Clippings: 1972. George III, North, and Chatham, Gordon Riots,
June 1780. Cookridges notes.
e) H 12: Clippings: 1966. American War of Independence. Major John Andre.
Contains booklet on American history; Cookridges notes.
f) H 13: Clippings: 1964-1978 French Revolution; Napoleons poisoning
(new information, 1964); Metternich; Talleyrand, Lord Abingdon; DHautrive;
the Actons; Nelson; Cookridges notes.
g) H 14: Napoleonic Wars, George III, Burke, Fox, Pitt the Younger,
Portland, Spencer, Perceval; British Administration list 1783-1827;
George Canning; John Wilkes; Wellington; Siege of Saragossa.
F.5
a) H 15: George IV (1820-1830), Wellington (1829-1830), Peterloo Reform
Act; Lord Liverpool (1812-1827), George Canning (d. 1827), Goderich
(1827); Queen Caroline; Wellington in India; Wellesley; the later Cecils.
Clippings from 1969-1975.
b) H 16: . Clippings:1962. 19th Century: Cato Street Conspiracy (23
Feb. 1820); Cookridges notes; Robert Peel; Opium War.
c) H 17: Clippings: 1968-1972. Era of Reform (1820-1846), Whigs, Lord
Grey; William IV (1830-1837); Peel (1841-1847, overthrown by Disraeli);
Early Victoria; Wm. Russell; Russian peasants; Bentinck; Tolpuddle Martyrs
d) H 18: Clippings: 1970-1976.Victoria: Crimean War; the Gallant 600;
Cardigan; Gordon; Melbourne.
e) H 19: Clippings: 1966-1977. Victoria: Mid-Victorian Palmerston,
Russell, Disraeli, Gladstone; Lord Salisbury; Napoleon III; von Haynau;
War with Persia (1855); Egypt; Zulu War.
f) H 19a: Clippings: 1964-1976. Cecil Rhodes: South Africa, Boer War
diary Mafeking; Baden-Powell at Mafeking; Comte de Villebois-Mareuil;
Ladysmith; Cookridges notes.
F.6
a) H 20a: Clippings: 1974-75. King Edward VII: 1975 Sunday Telegraph
series by G. Brook-Shepherd: Jan. 26, Feb. 2, Feb. 9, Feb. 16, Feb.
23. Series complete.
b) H 20b: Clippings: 1969 1976. Edward VII: Baccarat Scandal;
Entente Cordiale; Edwardiana; book reviews on Edward VII.
c) H 20c: Clippings: 1936, 1978. Edward VIII: Assassination attempts
on British Royalty. Contemporary account of an attack on King Edward
VIII; television drama on Edward VIIIs departure into exile in
1936.
d) H 20d: Clippings: 1969-1974. Late 18th century History: Prime ministers:
Pitt the Younger; Charles James Fox.
e) H 20 e: Clippings: 1947-1973. The Siege of Sidney Street.
Pictures of a young Winston Churchill in court testifying in the Hounsditch
Murders.
F.7 Britain Government and Prime Ministers before
World War I
a) General Topics on British Government. Clippings: 1959, 1974.Fact
sheets on Britain 2 pp. Published by the Reference Division, Central
Office of Information, London. Pamphlet R2541/3; Party Politics.
b) Treasury and Exchequer. Naval Policy; Political Crises; Horatio Bottomley;
Selwyn Lloyd; conscience money; Lord Bridges.
c) 10 Downing Street as a building. Clippings: 1963-1976. Includes some
clippings about Prime Ministers; the wives of Downing Street; renovation
of the building and costs; BBC London Letter, 1976.
Prime Ministers:
d) Herbert Asquith, Lord Oxford and Asquith 1908-1916. Reviews
of biographies by Lane, Koss.
e) Campbell-Bannerman, PM 1905- 08. Clippings: 1973. Review of Biography:
Wilson.
f) Stanley Baldwin PM 1923-24; 1924-29; 1935-37. Clippings: 1969-1976.
General Strike; Biography Review: Hyde, Young; Review of Whitehall Diary
Vol. II.
g) Balfour, PM 1902-05, Foreign Secretary 1916-19. Clippings: 1963-1975.
Biography Reviews: Zebel, Young.
h) Lloyd George. Review of Biographies: Rowland, Grigg, George, Kinnear,
Morgan; Maurice case; Obit for Frances, Countess Lloyd George; Cross:
Diary of A.J. Sylvester (covering 1931-1945); Maundy Gregory; Churchill
and Lloyd George; Marconi case; Private letters.
i) Ramsay MacDonald PM 1924, 1929-31, 1931-35. Clippings: 1968-1976.
Margachs reflections; Abyssinia; Labour problems; Curragh, 1914;
Campbell case footnote (Hyde).
F.8
a) Neville Chamberlain PM 1937-40. Clippings: 1967-1976. As appeaser;
turning down a possible award; his choice of targets in war; first-person
political history by Ian Colvin; Lord Stanhope; Chamberlains Cabinet;
Munich1938; Hitler; Mussolini; Liberal Party; Newsreel scandal.
b) Between the Wars. Clippings: 1960-1978. Hitler 1930s; British Cabinet;
Plan Z; Ian Colvins personal recollections; revision of thinking
about the Depression in Britain after historical research; Cookridge
notes.
Winston Churchill:
F.9
a) Clippings: 1969-1975. The Enemy Within Series: Observer
Review 1969. 30 March, 6, 13 April; Review Churchills Biography
by Gilbert, Vol IV (1975), Vol V (1976); Roosevelt and Churchill; Stalin
and Churchill; Reviews of Biographies: AJP Taylor, Gretton; Sunday
Times Weekly Review series: 1968, October 13, 20; de Gaulle, Yalta;
1929-1940 in the wilderness article; Boer War; Bower obit;
other Prime Ministers; RA Butler; greatness; article on Gilbert and
massive biography of Churchill; Butskellites (Keynes, Beveridge).
b) Clippings: 1978. Controversy between Churchill and Lord Boothby.
Boothbys memoirs, Letters to editors, Churchills alcoholism.
F.10. Clippings: 1951-1978. Cartoons; genealogy; 90th birthday; Randolph
Churchill; Tonypandy riots; 1926 General Strike; More reviews of biography
by Gilbert; Redpath; near-bankruptcy; AJP Taylor; At War (Lewin); Bracken;
Railway Union, 1911; Reviews of Centenary biographies by Pelling, Rhodes,
James; Potsdam; Australia, Beaverbrook; Sinking of the Prince of
Wales in 1941; Colliers article, 1951; wartime weekend
retreat.
Prime Ministers:
F.11
a) Attlee: Clippings: 1946-1977. As union man; Mrs. Attlee; condensed
biography, n.d.; Lynskey Tribunal; postwar austerity.
b) Sir Anthony Eden. Profiles (1935, 1947); as Foreign Secretary; as
Prime Minister; Ponsonby obit; Eden obit, Jan 15, 1977.
Box 37
F.1
a) Harold Macmillan. Clippings from 1945-1975.
b) Sir Alec Douglas Home. Clipping: 1973
c) Edward Heath. Clippings: 1972-1975
d) Edward Heath, His Fall. Clippings from 1976-77.
e) James Callaghan. Clippings: 1975-1976.
F.2
a) Harold Wilson Clippings from 1963-1968.
b) Harold Wilson, Second Term. Clippings from 1974-77. Forgery case:
David Milhench.
c) Common Market Referendum, 5 June, 1975: Voting results; 1976, consequences.
F.3 Party Politics and Elections. Clippings 1972-1975.
F.4 Personalia. Leo Amery (d. 1955); Reginald Maudling, Hamilton Kerr,
Sir Dingle Foot; Sir Alfred Butt; Aneurin Bevan (d. 1960). Clippings
1973-1978.
F.5 Cabinet Papers; Investigations of Leaks. Clippings 1976.
F.6 Records Office Indexes of documents held (1954). Clippings 1954-1978.
F.7 Margaret Thatcher as Conservative Leader. Clippings Feb. 1975.
F.8 Richard Crossman Diaries: Political Results. Clippings 1975-1976.
F.9 Cabinet and Whitehall after 1945: Mandarins, etc. Clippings 1956-1971.
F.10 Cabinet Papers, 1939-1945: Commentaries. Clippings 1967-1972.
F.11 Parliament: Organization, Activities. Clippings 1964-1978.
F.12 Parliament and MPs. Clippings: 1935-1978.
F.13 Labour Party. Clippings: 1960-1978.
F.14 Conservative Party. Clippings: 1973-1977.
F.15 Liberal Democratic Party: David Owen; Jeremy Thorpe. Clippings:
1976-1978.
Box 38A
F.1 Minor UK Political Parties
a) Communist Party. Clippings 1947-1967.
b) Independents. Clipping: 1974.
c) Socialist Workers Party. Clippings: 1974, 1977
F.2 Communist Party: Front Organizations, Leaders. Clippings: 1952-1975.
F.3 Communists and Trade Unions: Fears of Control . Clippings: 1947-1978.
F.4 Workers Revolutionary Party (WRP): Lawsuit (Redgrave et al. vs.
The Observer). Clippings: 25 October 10 November,
1978.
F.5 The Civil Service: Organization, High-level Members, Problems in.
Clippings: 1946-1973.
F.6 The Civil Service: Personalia, Sacking of Brian Sedgemore over Leaked
Treasury Document. Clippings: 1967-1978.
F.7 Foreign Office: Personalia, Spheres of Influence. Clippings: 1965-1978.
F.8 Foreign Office: The Diplomatic Service (General). Clippings: 1967-1978.
F.9 Foreign Office: Envoys
F.10 Foreign Office: Privileges, Embassies.
F.11 Foreign Office: Operations Personnel, Improvements, Lord Halifax,
Harvey Memoirs. Clippings: 1935-1978.
F.12 Interpreters, Linguists. Clippings: 1936-1965.
F.13 Home Office: Scotland Yard Scandal, Regular Policing. Clippings:
1970-1979.
F.14 Home Office: Scotland Yard Day-to-Day Operations. Includes booklet:
100 Facts on Scotland Yard, n.d. Clippings: 1935-1978.
F.15 Home Office: Civil Law. Also: Amnesty International; human rights.
Clippings: 1945-1977.
F.16 Miscellaneous: Aliens in Britain; 1977 British Leyland Scandal.
Clippings: 1946-1977.
Royal Family (F.17 to F.32)
F.17 Monarchy (General), Windsor Castle, Buckingham Palace. Clippings:
1930 1964. Weekly series (1936) on Buckingham Palace as a building;
booklet: Queen and People (1959).
F.18 Finances; Prince Philip at 50 (biographical articles, 1971); Prince
Charles at 21. Clippings: 1969-1971.
F.19 Royal Family: Prince Philip: Naval Officer, Family Man, Controversial
Speaker, State Visits, Commander Parker. Clippings: 1947-1965.
F.20 Prince Charles. Clippings
Box 38B
F.21 Princess Anne. Clippings: 1960-1973.
F.22 Princess Margaret, Antony Armstrong-Jones; The Snowdons. Clippings:
1947-1970.
F.23 Prince Andrew; Prince Edward. Clippings: 1959-1968.
F.24 The Queen: Clippings: 1936-1969. Her wealth; Royal protocol; the
Monarchy; Her Majesty as a mother.
F.25 Clippings: 1947-1973. Prince Philip as hunter, sportsman, science
advocate, sailor.
F.26 Clippings: 1953-1962. Prince Philip as hunter, pilot, German cousin,
as consort. Royal name change (1960).
F.27 Clippings: 1946-1973. 1) Royal household staff, 2) Royal Honorary
Orders.
F.28 Clippings: 1945-1962. Crown jewels; Tower of London.
F.29 Queen Victoria, Prince Albert. Clippings: 1947-1973.
F.30 Clippings: 1964-1972. Edward VII: 1) Accounts following biography
by Philip Magnus; 2) Lord Lonsdale
F.31 Clippings: 1937-1973. Duke of Windsor; King George VI and Queen
Elizabeth the Queen Mother; Duke of Gloucester; Duke of Kent, and Dowager
Duchess of Kent (Princess Marina); Princess Alexandra and Angus Ogilvy;
Earl of Harewood.
F.32 Clippings: 1946-1972. Miscellaneous.
Box 39
F.1 Battenberg to Mountbatten: Genealogy of Battenberg/Mountbatten family,
18th Century to 1960. See also Box 8.
F.2 Battenberg to Mountbatten: Louis II; Alexander of Hesse, Julie Hauke
and family. Mostly Cookridge handwritten notes, printed genealogical
information, and general family background.
F.3 Battenberg to Mountbatten: Louis III, Prince of Battenberg and 1st
Marques of Milford Haven.
F.4 Battenberg to Mountbatten: Henry, brother of Louis III; his children:
Alexander (Lord Carisbrooke), Leopold, Maurice, Queen Ena, and some
grandchildren.
F.5 Battenberg to Mountbatten: Clippings: 1931-1965. Louis III of Battenbergs
children: George, 2nd Marquess of Milford Haven, and his children; Queen
Louise of Sweden; Princess Alice of Greece; Lord Louis Mountbatten.
F.6 Battenberg to Mountbatten: Clippings: 1921-1965. Lord Louis Mountbatten,
Earl of Burma, First Sea Lord; Edwina, Countess of Burma; Sir Ernest
Cassel. File ends, ironically, with pre-written (1950) galley proof
of obit for Earl Mountbatten, which was probably never used.
F.7 Battenberg to Mountbatten: Clippings: 1946-1965. Prince Philips
sisters: Margarita, Theodora, Cecile, Sophie.
F.8 Battenberg to Mountbatten: Clippings: 1946-1969. Royal Romances,
e.g. King Leopold of Belgium; Kings in Exile; Foreign Royalty.
Box 40
F.1 World War I: History: Clippings: 1964-1975. Archduke Ferdinand;
Dardanelles; Roger Casement; 1922-1924 Chanak Crisis.
F.2 World War II: History: Clippings: 1939-1974. 1970s opinion pieces
on British conduct of the War; Battle of Britain; Dunkirk; the Defense
of Britain; The Man Who Never Was.
F.3 Clippings 1970-1977. Personalia: Wavell, Tunis, Montgomery, Freyburg;
Obits of World War II military leaders (British), 1970-1977; 1975 retrospective
numbers of Diario Illustrado, #s 22 and 25, of 1939, and 1941-42.
F.4 Clippings: 1970-1972. Naval Convoy PQ17.
F.5 Clippings: 1959-1974. Operation Overlord (D-Day); Unofficial
History of 20th Century magazine articles, incomplete.
F.6 1946-1978. Stories from the war, reflections on the war, most from
D-Day + 30 (1974); Sunday Times article on the Nazi occupation
of Paris.
British Government:
F.7 Ministry of Defense I Clippings: 1970-1978
F.8 Ministry of Defense II. Clippings: 1972-1978 Army clippings; Sales
of armaments,
Box 41A
F.1 Ministry of Defense III: Clippings: 1973-1978. Obituaries; Royal
Air Force; Classified Research projects; British nuclear activities,
principally power generation.
F.2 Ministry of Defense IV: Clippings: 1974-1977. Navy.
F.3 Clippings: 1967-1978. Miscellaneous personalia; history; judiciary;
industry; politics; BBC; land ownership; reflections on war.
F.4 Security Issues I: 1) Indexes and addresses of magazines; newspapers
frequently perused; 2) Index of foreign and provincial newspapers and
their addresses; 3) Articles on spies, sabotage; 4) newspaper reports
of an obedience experiment; 5) security methods 4) Opening of antiquarian
newspaper shop in London.
F.5 Security Issues II: Clippings: 1937-1973. 1) Index for envelopes
SE1 SE33; 2) Heads of Security 1921-1964; 1938 article
on sabotage; 3) Hinchley-Cooke: obits, career; 4) Lord Justice Winn,
Lord Normanbrooke, Sir Caspar John: MI-5 tales, anti-spy operations;
5) Lord Denning, Lord Diplock: security scandals, especially the Profumo
case; 6) Commission report on Bingham and Hinchcliffe.
F.6 MI 5: Clippings: 1949-1978. Personalia; XX Committee (World War
II); Official Secrets Act, D Notices; debates.
F.7 Official Secrets Act I: D Notices; Censorship; Lohan.
F.8 Official Secrets Act II: Clippings: 1946-1978. Censorship; Franks
Committee.
F.9 Official Secrets Act III: Clippings: 1970-1971. Case against Editor
of the Daily Telegraph (1970) and the paper; proposals for privacy
legislation, and need for revision of the Act; reviews of book on Daily
Telegraph trial by Jonathan Aitken.
Security:
F.10 Clippings: 1951-1962. Surveillance; Counterintelligence after Burgess
and Maclean; Crabbs death; Privy Counsellors Conference
on Security.
F.11 Clippings: 1961-62. Post-George Blake Radcliffe Commission, Report,
and consequences; 1977 obit.
F.12 Clippings: 1962-1963, 1972. Vassall trial, Cunningham Inquiry (Lord
Carrington, Thos. Galbraith); commentary.
F.13 Clippings: 1962-1975. Screening of Civil Servants; silent journalists;
caution to Civil Servants about social contacts; Bossard case report;
Vassall tribunal report.
F.14 Clippings: 1922-1975. Private spies; bugging devices and use; cases
of industrial espionage by Japan, Germany.
F.15 Clippings: 1935-1976. Industrial Espionage in Britain; including
Concorde.
Box 41B
F.16 Clippings: 1928-1976. Industrial Espionage in Britain: Private
spies; Private eyes; security leaks; lost documents; missing persons.
F.17 Clippings: 1957-1975. Hoaxes; phone tapping; surveillance; terrorists;
parcel bombs; Libya Groups, known Communists and their activities.
F.19 Clippings: 1952-1971. Counter-espionage, counter-sabotage; warnings
against being trapped by spies; arms dealers; Rudi Dutschke.
F.20 Clippings: 1976-1977. Deportation of Philip Agee and Mark Hosenball;
accusations against left-wing Labour MPs. See also Box 64, Section 2,
Envelope 24, and Section 4, Envelope 1.
F.21 Clippings 1946-1979. Counter sabotage after WWII. Warnings to businessmen
of spy traps if they visited Communist countries; Bossard case; Front
organizations of Communists in Britain; MI 5 activities and PM Wilson.
F.22 Clippings 1968-1975. Anarchists, incl. Dutschke; Angry Brigade.
F.23 Clippings: 1968-1978. Left-Wing Concerns: Extreme organizations;
Bertrand Russell Peace Foundation; Marxist Groups: Trotskyites, student
groups, race riots.
F.24 National Council for Civil Liberties; Socialist Workers contempt
of court case; Actors Equity vs. Vanessa Redgrave; Red Lion Demonstration
Scarman Inquiry; Private Police, Private Armies.
F.25 Clippings: 1969-1977. Left-Wing Concerns: Trotskyite and Marxist
conspirators; Andy Bevan; Red House and Coren Redgrave.
F.26 Clippings: 1971-1978. Right-Wing Concerns: anti-Trade Union and
anti-Socialist organizations; mercenaries; John Banks.
F.27 Clippings: 1947-1978. Right-Wing Concerns: Private Armies, Anti-terror
organizations; Pacifists; Oswald Mosley; National Front.
Box 42A
F.1 Clippings: 1961-1977. Right-Wing Concerns: CIA Fronts; Ross McWhirter;
National Front before 1975; Lewisham march.
F.2 Clippings: 1935-1975. Right-Wing Concerns: Nazis and Fascists in
Britain; Welsh Nationalists; Scottish Tartan Army.
F.3 Clippings: 1974-1978. Right-Wing Concerns: Mercenaries: Biafra,
Angola, John Banks.
F.4 Clippings: 1922-1977. Special Branch, Scotland Yard: General Information.
F.5 Clippings: 1946-1974. Special Branch, Scotland Yard: Royal Detectives;
Individual cases, e.g. Princess Anne; Passport forgeries; Security at
Porton.
F.6 Clippings: 1952-1975.Special Branch: Atomic establishments, industries,
military bases; Burglary of MP; Surveillance; Protection of Property.
F.7 Clippings 1970-1974. Special Branch: Right-Wing Concerns: Nazis
(Fascists); Lennon case (1974) and sequelae; Secret Service: Agents
WWI and before; Agents between the wars, e.g. Reilly; Zinoviev
Letter; SIS Organizations.
F.8 Clippings: 1962-1971. British Defections: Smith, T.M.; Borlase;
Walker, G.; Keenan and Blackburn; Allen, P.S.; Allen; Bossard; Patchett;
Stanley; Condron; Fell.
F.9 Espionage I: History of Spying: Clippings: 1934-1978. Authors of
Stories: Ian Fleming, John LeCarré (David Cornwell); Merlin Minshall
as inspiration for Bond.
F.10 Espionage II: History, both Wars: Clippings: 1963-1977. Book Reviews;
Hankey, Esher; Counterespionage against Soviet ships; potential WWII
Channel Tunnel; George Wigg, XX Committee (Popov); Political Asylum
issues.
F.11 Bibliography, General: Clippings: 1948-mid-1970s (most reviews
undated). Wars, Spying, Royal United Services Institute Library List
(1948), Book Reviews.
Secret Service:
F.12 WWI: Clippings: 1936-1971. General; leading figures; women, e.g.
Edith Cavell.
F.13 WWII: Clippings: 1946-1978. V2 rockets (German and English articles);
against Nazis; Suez.
F.14 Clippings: 1945-1975. MI-9; Escape organizations; Defense Intelligence:
Kenneth Strong; Ministry of Defense; Defense Intelligence post-1964;
John Lethbridge; Deserters (1945-1946); British Embassys assistance
in Spain for 30,000 escapees from the Franco regime.
F.15 Security Intelligence Service (S.I.S.): Clippings: 1923-1977. General;
History Le Caron, Sinn Fein; WWI Agents: Compton Mackenzie, Somerset
Maugham, T. E. Lawrence.
F.16 Between the Wars (1919-1939): Clippings: 1922-1973. Lockhardt,
Arcos Raid, A-54 against Hitler (in Spanish).
F.17 Clippings: 1948-1976. School at Ashford, Kent; IRA, Torture Complaint;
SAS in Ulster; National Defence College; British Armed Forces
Army: Field Marshals Alexander, Montgomery, obituaries of other commanders.
F.18 Naval Intelligence, WWI: Clippings: 1961-1977. Admirals; WWII:
Spy Cases (Portland), betrayal, PQ-17; obituaries from 1970s of retired
naval commanders.
Box 42B
F.19 Air Intelligence: Clippings: 1962-1972. Janes Aircraft article;
RAF, Central Flying School, Harrier, surveillance; Scharnhorst
and Gneisenau (1941); Lord Denning, obituaries of RAF veterans;
bombing of Germany; reconnaissance.
Security Intelligence Service (S.I.S.):
F.20 Heads: Clippings: 1961-1978. General, Lord Radcliffes inquiry
into MI-6, spy cases; Lord Wigg; Sir D. G. White; Sir John Rennie (most
in re: his son, Charles Rennies, conviction for drugs);
Maj. Gen. Sir Stewart Menzies; Geoffrey McDermott; George Kenneth Young
(Deputy Head); Maurice Oldfield (succeeded Rennie); Arthur Temple Banks;
Sir Desmond Morton (WW II); Sir Peregrine Henniker-Heaton and the bizarre
circumstances of his death.
F.21 Clippings: 1963-1978. Espionage, General History: Cookridge notes;
obituaries, wartime accounts, finances for espionage, organization after
WW II to 1963; S.I.S. before 1914 and WW I including T. E. Lawrence
(see above), Edmund Backhouse; S.I.S. Between the Wars (1919-1939):
Wm. C. Bullitt, Edward VIII and the Nazis; S.I.S. during WW II.
F.22 Clippings: 1943-1978. Communications: Codes and code-breakers,
e.g. Enigma, Dilly Knox, Trevor Roper, F.W. Winterbotham;
POW letters; development of codes, Bletchley Park, radio: broadcast
and reception equipment, obituaries.
F.23 Clippings: 1943-1978. Associated Organizations, Institutes: Moral
Rearmament (Oxford Group), Intl Inst for Strategic Studies (1971 information);
S.I.S-Government Connections: £ support for spy services, Whitehall.
S.I.S. Agents: parachuted; Malcolm Muggeridge; Venlo Incident.
F.24 Recruiting, Training: Clippings: 1936-1977. Middle East Centres,
forgeries and equipment, bugging devices, spies and psychology, budgets,
interrogations, I.Q. Tests (copies).
F.25 Agents: Clippings: 1961-1978. Graham Greene, E. G. Edelmann; after
1945: Wm Stephenson, Solzhenitsyn (as reported), Col. B
(? H.A. Johnstone); Cold War origins; Rhodesia problems; Around
the World: Togo, Nigeria, Biafra, Uganda, Sudan, Russia; Ian Walsworth-Bell
expelled from S.I.S., Anthony Bishop, Scarlet Pimpernel
against Communism.
F.26 Clippings: 1962-1974. Greville Wynne: Arrest and trial (1962),
negotiations for exchange, exchange for Gordon Lonsdale, life after
release, alleged spy network around him in Moscow Oleg Penkovsky.
F.27 Agents after 1945: Clippings: 1949-1973. Constantine Boldyreff,
Lev Rahr, Brig. C.A. Harper, Leslie Nicholson (John Whitwell),
John Cartland/Jeremy Cartland.
F.28 Middle East: Clippings: 1953-1973. Nasser & Yemen; embargo
against Egypt, Swinburn and Zarb; Iraq & Leslie March; Cyprus, Eoka,
Gen Grivas, Peter Gray case; China & 1968 arrest of Britons; Biafra;
Uganda & Lea.
F.29 C.I.A. Cooperation: Clippings: 1960-1974. Operation Valuable,
Philby and Maclean, Left-Wing marches in Britain; cooperation with other
agencies: Sir Wm Stephenson, miscellaneous accounts.
F.30 Agents: Clippings: 1963-1975. Rev. David Hathaway, Ustinov (Klop),
Sgt. Maj. Rowsell, D. J. Knox, Hindle James, Gervase and Pamela Cowell,
Felicity Stuart, Nigel Laville, train/plane spotters in Yugoslavia,
Cdr. Anthony Courtney, Anthony Grey, Jerzy Pawlowski, Adam Kaczmarzyk,
Andrei Klymchuk, purported SIS link with BBC, Peter Tennant, Brian Nicholas,
Ann Lewis, Alan Holmes, Clyde Farnsworth, Michael Woodridge, Frank King.
F.31 Agents: Clippings: 1956-1976. Macleod case, Lionel Buster
Crabbe apparent death (1956); Agents in China (1969-1971); alleged agents
in Czechoslovakia (1964-1969).
Box 43A
Note: These clippings are listed in alphabetical order by topic.
Some envelopes have pseudonymously written summaries or prospectuses.
Cookridge appears to have inherited someone elses collection,
largely from the 1920s and 1930s.
F.1 A: Art Painting: Clippings: 1930-1967. Art Robberies
F.2 B: Bullfighting. Clippings: 1962-1965; Buried (Time Capsules). Clippings:
1938-1965.
F.3 C: Children of the Famous. Clippings: 1928-1970s; Claimants to Fortunes,
including the Tichborne Claimant. Clippings: 1922-1961.
F.4
D, E, F:
Doodling. Clippings: 1945-1962.
Doubles: Unrelated persons who look alike. Clippings: 1925-1963.
Expensive Things. Clippings: n.d.
Food: Caviar. Clippings: 1946-1962.
Fortune Telling, Clipping: 1958.
Fortunes, Unclaimed. Clippings: 1946-1958.
F.5 G(1): Gambling: General. Clippings: 1921-1966; Lotteries. Clippings:
1924-1962.
F.6 G(2):
Ghosts. Clippings: before 1933-1956.
Ghosts: Haunted Houses. Clippings: 1933-1960.
Graphology: Clipping: 1943.
Guillotine. Clipping: 1946.
Hanging, Hangman. Clippings: 1949-1961.
F.7 H: Hoaxes. Clippings: 1930s-1960; Hotels. Clippings: 1946-1967.
F.8 M. P: Moon. Clippings 1946-1969.; Psychology/Psychoanalysis. Clippings:
1925-1974.
F.9 R: Religion:
Anglican Church. Clippings: 1945-1962.
Buddhism/Hinduism, etc. Clippings: 1954-1959.
Depictions of Christ: Turin Shroud. N.d.
Protestantism. Clippings: 1939-1946.
Sects (1) Father Divine. Clippings: 1936-1946.
Sects (2): Various. Clippings: 1937-1962.
F.10 S:
Salvage (ships) Clippings: 1922-1935.
Servants Old Style. Clipping: 1968.
Ships. Clippings: 1920s-1969.
Shipwrecks, e.g. Titanic. Clippings: 1931-1965.
Shoplifting. Clippings: 1947-1966.
Slavery (modern). Clippings: 1962-1963.
Note: At this point, the contents of the original storage box end. It
was followed in another box by mainly British material
F.11 Budget Leaks, Britain: Clippings: 1927-1961
F.12 Clubs and Societies (Britain): Clippings: ca 1925-1976.
F.13 Cold War: Clippings: 1948-1976. Prisoners: Barrymaine; Cleaver;
Ballantine; Grey; Scammell; technology; navy; oil.
F.14 Crime and Criminals: Clippings: 1972-1978. Includes Bernie Cornfeld
and the IOS.
F.15 Extra-Governmental Organizations: Clippings: 1937-1978. Right-Wing;
Left-Wing; Scottish Nationalists/Devolution.
F.16 History/Biography: Clippings: 1964-1978. Largely military and governance
related.
F.17 Honours and Orders, British: Clippings 1937-1978. Admiralty Marshal;
Knights Templar; payment for Honours; Heraldry; War Honours; Awards
of merit; Nobility.
Box 43B
F.18 Humanitarian Activities: Clippings 1973-1976.
F.19 Ireland: Clippings: 1974-1975. Police and IRA activities; anti-terrorism
Bill.
F.20 Obits: Clippings: 1973-1978. Politicians; Nobility; Military Commanders.
F.21 Personalia: Clippings 1946-1977. Prisoners of Cold War to judiciary
to drug dealers, Triads; Rudyard Kipling..
F.22 Police: Persons/Cases: Clippings 1968-1976. Robert Mark; police
activities; technology; Special Branch.
F.23 Police and Security: Clippings 1935-1976. Early Clippings include
wartime; criticism of police; spy-hunting.
F.24 Clippings: 1949-1978. Publishers, Writers, Newspapers: press concerns,
economic changes, Cecil King Memoirs.
F.25 Security: Airport sabotage; anti-terrorism. Clippings: 1970-1976
F.26 Social Studies/Economics: Education; inflation; social reform;
RAC club finances; Manchester after cotton. Clippings 1965-1978.
F.27 Unions, Labour: Clippings 1976-1978.
F.28 Wars: World, I-II: Clippings 1970-1978. History.
F.29 Weapons/Explosives: Clippings: 1974-1978. Police; security; gangs.
F.30 Whitehall/Politicians: Varied topics: Clippings: approximately
1947-1975.
F.31 Miscellaneous: Clippings 1946-1977.
Box 44
Ireland, IRA, UDA, The Troubles
Ireland:
F.1 Clippings: 1972-1977; The Republic, ca. 1972-1976; IRA kidnapping
of Dr. Herrema; trial of kidnappers.
F.2 Clippings: 1973-1975. Art Robbery, arrest of Sr. Rose Dugdale; IRA
bombings in London, 1973; IRA most wanted terrorist, Margaret McKearny
(1975); Bombs at Holland Park House and death of G.H. Fairley; IRA bombing
in London: Caterham; Kensington Shoe Shop; Hilton Hotel; bus stop; Mayfair;
Gun-running: shipping of arms in the Claudia; Cahill; Incendiaries
and letter bombs in London.
F.3 Clippings: 1969-1975. IRA press release, publications, Christmas
card; Summary of bombing to August, 1975; Obituary: Eamon de Valera;
history and stories from 1916 Irish Revolt.
F.4 Clippings, 1973. UDA arrests and clashes; more IRA bombings.
F.5 The Troubles: Clippings: 1960-1975. History of Sinn Fein IRA; terrorism;
Littlejohn; Stodeman case; Provos; prison escapes.
F.6 Clippings: 1972-1976. Terrorism; guns; Provos funds loss;
MacStiofan; UDA; MI-5 in Ireland; double agents, e.g. Hammond; Irish
statistics to 1974.
F.7 Clippings: 1970-1976. IRA and Ulster personalia: Lennon, OBrien,
Gaughan, Rose Dugdale, Kavanagh, Littlejohn, Lord Arran, Paisley, Ward,
Donoughmore, Nicol, Fr. Connolly, Price, Stagg; IRA uniform; UDA, Orange
Order; Provos.
F.8 Clippings: 1967-1976. Influence of Catholicism on life; Ulster:
effects of RUC on Catholic areas; Fascism in Ireland (1930s); Provos
and Ulster extremists; Sunningdale Agreement.
F.9 Ulster. Clippings: 1966-1976.
F.10 Rees, Northern Ireland Secretary. Clippings: 1975.
Box 45
F.1 IRA General. Clippings: 1971-1975.
F.2 IRA. Clippings: Dec. 1975. Balcombe St. (London) Hostage event.
F.3 IRA, Provos: Clippings: 1971-1975 Bombings in England and
Ulster.
F.4 Provisional IRA (Provos): Clippings: 1971-1976. General.
F.5 Clippings: 1970-1976. Opinion; philosophy; side issues.
F.6 Clippings: 1972-1976. Provos, SDLP, IRA, Loyalists: William Whitelaw
(1972); Gen Frank King, Operation Patriot; OConnell.
Overviews of activities (1974-75) for all groups.
F.7 Clippings: 1970-1975. IRA miscellaneous; obit, Lord Brookeborough;
James Callaghan as home Secretary; American sympathizers; IRA connections
with other guerilla groups; Kidnapping of Thomas Niedermayer; weapons
and bombs; terrorists and torture; reactions against IRA; embassy warnings;
assassination of Ross McWhirter.
F.8 Clippings: 1971-1976. IRA operations.
F.9 Clippings: 1973-1979. Claims of torture in English prisons; the
Peace People and reactions; Roy Mason.
F.10Clippings: 1974-1978. Provos: Frank Stagg death; Maze prisoners,
issues; ill-treatment of Ulster prisoners; Sir Kenneth Newman; media
in Ulster; bombings.
F.11 Clippings: 1969-1976. Ulster issues; Provos: personnel, death lists,
trials, relationship to Marxists, bombings by Provos, Maire Drumm; SAS
activities; Overseas support for IRA; Eire: old reports; London Accord;
violence in Eire; IRA uniforms; economy; death of Christopher Ewart-Biggs;
Robin Haydon; Erskine Childers; Charles Stewart Parnell; two copies
of Ireland Today: Sept, Nov. 1977, #s 914, 917; trial under Eires
official secrets act.
F.12 Ulster: Clippings: 1972-1976. Governance, various groups..
F.13 Clippings: 1971-1978. Provos: personalia, organization: MacStiofan,
Twomey, Coyle, McMorrow, Hasty, OConnell, Mallon, Convery, Fitzsimmons,
McVerry, McMillan, Dugdale, OConnail.
F.14 Ulster: Clippings: 1971-1976. British policies toward British Army
in Ulster; Chronological arrangement.
F.15 Eire: Clippings: 1969-1976. Irish policies regarding IRA; IRA bombings;
2010 accusation of collusion between church and IRA.
Box 46
Note: The order reflects the original classifications. The newspaper
clippings are in their original form as received, and some are still
in their original envelopes. Others have been placed in new envelopes.
Germany Intelligence Historical: Pre 1918-1968
The letters P.B., followed by a number seem to refer to
a piece of microfilm. The location of the original microfilm is not
specified. A persons name followed by a letter, e.g. A(for
Abwehr?), and a number, seems to be Gehlens
Nachrichtendienst number for the individual.
Section 1: German Nachrichtendienst (Secret Service) until 1918
1. Miscellaneous clippings: article by Ladislas Farago (q.v.)
(1971); controversy over Germans writing their own history (1966); capture
of Falkenbeg spy school (1946); photostats from the Bundesarkiv.
German spies:
Section 1a:
1. Nachrichtendienst. Book Review of Hitlers Spies
by David Khan (1978) outlining the ineptitude of most, but praising
the work of Gehlen with reservations.
Section 2:
1. Spies, History. Stieber. Magazine article; handwritten biographical
notes.
2. Capt. Steinhauer. Newspaper clipping (1922).
3. Clippings: Who killed Rosa? (Rosa Luxembourg, 1969);
magazine article (1970) on the 1919 Munich Revolt and the fate of the
leader, Eugene Leviné; Rosa Luxembourg is mentioned.
4. 1914-1918 Cases. Clipping: 1924. Prince Joachim, the son of Kaiser
Wilhelm.
5. Carl Lody. Clippings: 1934-1938, plus handwritten note (Cookridge)
concerning the destroyer named for Lody.
6. Karl Graves. Clippings: 1925-1927
7. Trebitsch Lincoln. Clippings: 1922-1932. Newspaper and magazine
clippings. biographical reports on his deportation, career, etc
8. George Charles Parrott. Clipping: 1933. Naval secrets; his trial.
9. Eva de Bournonville (Eva the Swede). 1930s newspaper
articles regarding her activities and deportation.
10. Fritz Duquesne (1916). Clippings: 1921-1932. The Man who killed
Lord Kitchener.
11. Clippings, 1914-1918: Sir Edgar Speyer, 1921 who lost his British
citizenship for spying during WWI. Original plus Xerox copy.
12. Clippings: 1926-1962. Mata Hari. Her legendary status as a lover
and extractor of secrets from men; handwritten (Cookridge) biographical
notes in English and German. See also Box 2.
Section 2: German Intelligence: Abwehr (Hitler)
A1 Abwehr 1933-1945; Organisation. Undated newspaper clippings in English
and German about the spy system. Cookridge handwritten historical notes
and organizational chart. Photostats in German of organizational chart
and data.
A3 Abwehr: Chiefs. Clippings: 1964-1969. Reviews of biographies of Canaris.
Handwritten note (Cookridge) on military archival references.
A5 Abwehr Nazi Spies, Training, Schools, etc. Empty envelope.
A7 Abwehr: General Oster (Comment: Anti-Hitler plots).Clippings: 1964,
1975. Observer article; 7-part 1964 historical magazine series.
Section 3: German Nachrichtendienst until 1918
Nazi Spies before World War II (1933-1939)
Clippings: Lorenz organization, undated; book review, (1974) on the
German Secret Service.
ABr1 Abwehr: AST Hamburg Organization against Britain. Handwritten
notes: organization names and addresses.
ABr1a Kriegs ND. Organization against Britain Propaganda. Handwritten
transcriptions in German (by Cookridge), regarding various personnel
and their comments on propaganda.
ABr1b Abwehr: Nazi Spies against Britain: Baron Waldemar von. Oppenheim.
A(R) 2048. Biographical notes containing reference to his history.
ABr1c Abwehr Hamburg AST against Britain. Col. Nicholas Ritter (contains
letter of January 1974 from Ritter to Cookridge), and copies of clippings
about him as Dr Randtzau.
ABr1d Abwehr 1933-1945, against Britain. Title: Biography of Ritter
and Hamburg AST. Notes by Cookridge about Hamburg Organization; nothing
of Ritter.
Nazi Spies in Britain:
ABr2 Before 1939; sleepers Reinhardt, Roydt, Owens, etc.,
General. Envelope empty.
ABr3 Welsh Network: Kuhnemann, Schoberth, Owens (q.v.); Handwritten
notes, Cookridge; comments about Ritter.
ABr4 Before 1939: Clippings: 1936. Ship sabotage.
ABr5 Dr. Hermann Goertz, Clippings: 1936-1975. 1st Mission, 1936, 2nd
Mission 1940, and his 1936 trial. Notes on his 1940 mission, and biographical
material; Ireland.
ABr6. Norman Baillie-Stewart (The Officer in the Tower).
Clippings: 1933-1971. Handwritten notes (Cookridge), on Baillie-Stewarts
1933 trial and subsequent attempts to re-open it; partial review of
his book, with biographical data.
ABr7 Before the War: Mrs. Jessie Jordan. Her connection to Jennie Hoffmann,
hairdresser on the Europa, who ran a huge Nazi spy ring. Prospectus
for Cookridge article.
ABr8 Before the War: Joseph Kelly. Empty envelope.
ABr9 Donald Owen, Reginald Adams, writer for Sporting Life; they
were tried July 14, 1939. Note (Cookridge).
ABr10 Nazi Spies in Ireland. Gustav Simon, arrested in 1938 in Britain,
sentenced to six months. Second mission to Ireland. Handwritten notes
(Cookridge) of Simons spy activities, with dates.
ABr12 Pamela Dorothy OGrady (sentenced to death 18/12/40). Newspaper
report of her trial.
ABr13 Clippings: 1940, 1953. Marie Louisa Augusta Ingram, William Smith
and Archibald Watts; their trial; the consequences for Ingram.
NSE: Nazi Spies in Europe before WWII. Empty envelope.
Section 4: Nazi Spies during World War II
19a Miscellaneous: German Spies. Newspaper clippings: 1946-1976. Cookridges
notes about parachuted spies, Goertz, etc. and Capt. Rudersdorf;
Lord Haw-Haw; Herbert Herrmann (U47 sub .capture); Ladislas Farago;
Belgian spies (all in English); German article from Der Spiegel
about Lahousen, the saboteur.
Nazi Spies in Britain:
ABr20 Clippings: 1940-1954. General. Contains handwritten notes (Cookridge)
with his list of German spies in Britain (q.v.) with cross-references
to other files.
ABr21 George Arthur Owens, Johnny 3504 (or 3054). Handwritten
notes about his activities (Cookridge); ref. to Ritter, Kuhnemann, Schoberth,
Reinhardt, Diercks, et al. Unternehmen LENA I
group names several in list, possibly working in Liverpool; notes (Cookridge).
ABr22 Parachuted and landed in Britain during the last war: General.
Notes about teleprinter signal 549 to OKW Luft/E from AST Hamburg 703/41;
3 such notes. Clipping: Dec 1944: German agents at work in Britain.
ABr23 Sabotage during the war. Notes (Cookridge), on poor paper, about
agents in Britain. References to articles in the Times (1939-1943).
Explosions, taken at random from the annual register (1940-42); article
on railway sabotage.
ABr23a Cato (British Spy Jorge Antonio, Spanish, spied on
Germans), Garbo, Sefton Delmers story .
ABr 3b 3725, Little Schmidt(Wolf-Ulrich Schmidt),
Gunter Peis wrote story about him (1971). Clipping: 1977. Story about
Harry(Agent 3725).
ABr24 Hans Schmidt 3150, Jorgen Bjornson. Notes (Cookridge) from Ritter
on their activities.
ABr25 Hummer I nord. (Dierks) Waelti = Petter; Drueke = Druegge; Vera
von Schalberg = Mrs. Ericson. Clippings: 1945, 1954. Notes on all three
and their networking with Welsh group (at least); cross-reference from
Owens; list of identity card numbers; executions of Waelti, Drueke (n.d.);
their capture, trials; manuscripts on The Danish Countess
which mentions Ritters activities.
ABr26 Clippings: 1940-1954. Hummer South; Waldberg, Meier, Karl; Kieboom,
Pons. Clipping: 1945. Notes (Cookridge) and his published article on
their capture and execution. See also Series 2.
ABr27 Nazi Spies in Britain: George Armstrong, exec. July 9, 1941. Empty
envelope.
ABr 28 Karl Richard Richter (for Assassinations). Clippings: 1940, 1945.
His execution; copy of Cookridge article on Neukermanns and Richter.
See also Series 2.
ABr30 Bischoff, Johannes. Notes (Cookridge) some in German, on Bischoff,
presumably transcriptions of messages.
ABr31 Dr. Ter Braak; Jan Willem, found dead in Cambridge (probably arrived
Sept or Oct, 1940). Notes (Cookridge), possibly transcriptions of reports.
ABr32 Josef Jakobs. Executed 16 August, 1941; report of his trial and
execution.
ABr33 Hummer three: Jack Berg, Olav Klausen (arrived May 1941). Also
loose note re: Karl Heinz Kramer. Notes, some with reference to Wigton
and Peis book They Spied on England; notes on Major
Ops controlled by Kramer.
ABr34 Mohamed Salman, Iraqi Capt. (Left, May 1941). Empty envelope.
ABr35 Johannes Marinus Dronkers. Clippings: 1943, 1945. His arrest and
execution; article by Cookridge See also Series 2.
ABr36 Friedrich Kaulen. Note listing Kaulen as first-rate agent (1941).
ABr37 Alphonse Timmermann, and others. Empty envelope.
ABr39 Franciscus Johannes Winter. Clipping: 1943. His capture and execution.
Note with biographical data.
ABr40 Duncan Alexander Croall Scott-Ford. Clipping: 1942. His trial
and execution.
ABr41 Clipping: 1946. Rogerio Peixoto de Menezes (Portuguese Embassy,
1943). His activities; trial; and imprisonment.
ABr42 Clippings: 1944, 1948. Oswald John Job (BBC spy).
His activity, trial, and execution. Photocopy of letter from S.J. Warner
of the Red Cross regarding inaccuracies in Cookridges book: Secrets
of the British Secret Service, 1948. The original letter is in
Series 3: Correspondence.
ABr44 Hummer Funf Nord; Hans Sorensen, with Pedro Kupferhagen;
Hans Braun (stamp dealer); Mewe; Koch. Notes
about their activities from Scandinavia to the north of Scotland.
ABr45 Pierre Richard Neukermans. Empty envelope, but see ABr 28 in this
box.
ABr46 Joseph Jan van Hove. Empty envelope.
ABr48 Horst Ernst Lattreuter, Seidemann F2370, P.B. 811
F. Brief research note.
ABr50 Walter J. H. Lohrey, A2019, USA-born. P.B. 845- 849 photostat.
Brief research note
ABr51 Georges Rappord (1941-1944 in Britain). Brief research note
Clipping not in an envelope (1968) in German. German nurse, Schwester
Hanne, who spied for Rommel.
Note: All subsequent envelopes in this section, except where noted,
have the same heading: German Intelligence Abwehr, Nazi Spies
in (or against) Britain, and have been numbered by archival staff.
52. James Brady. 1946, sentenced to 15 years (later reduced to 12).
Brief biographical note.
53. Kurt Manhenke F2356, P.B. 846-848F. Committed suicide
before being dispatched. Brief biographical note
54. Heinrich Lorenz F2319. Brief note.
55. Middle East: Ali Ekber Mahondtjih Ekber 2606. P.B. 867-F.
Brief note.
56. Giovanni Grimo. Brief note.
57. South Africa: Robey Leibbrandt. Brief note.
58. Royal Oak Case. Newspaper clipping in French about the sinking (n.d.,
no source).
59. Unsolved cases: Clippings: 1945-1947, 1963. Caesar,
etc.; Pothole case, concerning a skeleton found in a cave; man claiming
to be Karl Dickenhoff, but in a mental home; grave of a German Naval
officer on uninhabited island North Rona, found in 1940.
60. Fidremuc, code-named Ostro. In Lisbon 1942 enlisted
Scott-Ford, q.v.. Empty envelope.
61. Bedi Verhauersmann came from Buenos Aires in 1941. Note
(Cookridge) in English, transcription of telegram from Thurmann
regarding Bedis arrival in Britain and Portugal.
62. Operation Josephine from Sweden. Brief note about a brief diplomatic
career?
63. Federico Teofilo Enrique Willy, R 2222. Biographical note and observation:
Could be Bedi
64. Theodor John William Schursch, British by birth, Court martialled
and executed 4 January, 1946 in Pentonville. Biographical note and service
record.
65. Wolkoff (Anna) and Tyler Kent case. Clippings: 1944-1971. Note quoting
President Truman, regarding Jos. Kennedy, and newspaper clipping about
Kennedys activities in Britain; handwritten notes regarding Wolkoff,
addresses for her and others, and telephone numbers; Tyler Kent, British
code clerk, and his spy activities with Wolkoff. Notes on Parliamentary
letterhead regarding Kents trial; two letters, 1956 re Anna Wolkoff.
66. Ernst Tiebel Pers. Bogen (P.B.) 8563 A/F. Brief note.
67. Middle East: Tekin Saygin = (Jew) Lichtenthal. S2118,
Turko. Brief note
68. Ferdi Schultze Unkas RR2616. Brief note.
69. Phillipe de Felibe Pippo (Hintermann to S2111) P.B.
8-283F. Brief note
70. Hermann Polenz Richard Meyer, F2314, P.B. 8-287F. Brief
note.
71. Hermann Pelika, R2216. Brief note.
72. Hans Tschira F2320. Brief note.
73. Ungennant, F2303, P.B. 8-577F, etc. Brief note.
74. Heinrich Thoelken, R2402, (possibly also for Britain). Brief note.
75. Baron Harold de TSarclaes (worked in Belgian embassy in London,
1914-1921). P.B. 8-555F. Brief note
76. Richard Schubert, Bichon 2557 (for Rumania) 1936F. Brief
note.
77. Eugen Alex Renner, Eugen 2040. P.B. 8/336F. Brief note.
78. Major Alois Radeglia R2221. P.B. 8-299F (in Cyprus, Palestine, Levant).
Note with some biographical and operational information.
79. Alice Runge, née Nowicki, R1791, Amiga. Brief biographical
note.
80 (N1). Hannie Herodsen: Count Five and Die
(fictitious). Clipping: British, no date.
81. Andreas Siemens. Hendrick Peters A2016; Rudolf
Frontmann P.B. 8-400F. Notes with activity data and possible aliases.
82. Alfred Leidig, Gunnar P.B. 8F13, RR1145 (1940), from
Sweden 1944? Note with personal information, code name, biographical
data.
83(NSE). Nazi Spies in Europe. Data on espionage telegrams. Clippings:
Oct 1937-1946..
84 (NSE). Nazi Spies: Clipping: 1945. Lilian Annie Smith (1944), in
Holland, sentenced 5/3/45; her activities.
85(G). Abwehr in Holland: Giskes, May. Notes on King Kongs
activities, arrest and sentencing. See also unpublished manuscript in
Box 24.
86. Abwehr and Gestapo in France. Notes concerning Gestapo activities.
87(G). Abwehr in Norway. Clipping: 1968. Obituary for Nikolaus van Falkenhorst,
commanding general in Norway 1940-1944.
88. Nazi Spies in Commonwealth Countries during the War. Clippings:
1943. Luis Lopez Cordon Cuenca: his activities, trial and sentencing
in Gibraltar.
89. Nazi Spies in Switzerland: Baroness Lydia von Stahl. Clippings:
1933, and undated. Cookridge typescript entitled The East End
Girl and the Baroness.
Section 5: Nazi Spies in Ireland
1. General. Notes on people and activities; some as from Whitton.
2. Clipping: 1971. Obituary: John Francis OReilly.
3. Clippings: 1943-1946. Includes Goertz and Gunther Schmidt.
4. Spies in Britain, Ireland, etc.: Christian Nissen (Heim Mueck). Biographical
note .
Section 6: Nazi Spies in the USA
Clipping not in an envelope, review of book on World War II spies.
1. 1946, and undated. Several trials.
2. Clipping: 1939, and undated. Jenny Hoffmann Rumrich
Griebl Case (USA). Spy ring; How Britain saved America;
Cookridge undated prospectus, draft article on The Pretty Redhead
(Jenny Hoffmann). See also Box 30, File 30.
3. Tear-sheet from Colliers Magazine: 24 April 943. J.
Edgar Hoover and Frederic L. Collins, Hitlers Spies are
Experts
4. Nazi Spies in South America before and during World War II. Clippings:
19371946. The situation in South America from a North American
perspective.
5 Nazi Spies in Africa, WW II: Clippings: 1943, and undated. Morocco,
Liberia, South Africa, etc.
6. Nazi-Soviet Cooperation. Clippings: 1948, 1967. Assessment of Nazi
documents linking Stalin and Hitler.
Section 7: Nazi Spies in Middle East
1. German Intelligence, Abwehr: Nazi Spies Against Britain: Clippings:
1969. Cicero case & Franz von Papen (Cicero d. December 1970 in
Munich); Obits for Cicero, and for von Papen in English;
obit for von Papen in German.
2. NSME German Intelligence: Nazi Spies in Middle East: Clippings (1943-1947).
Egypt, Iraq, Persia, etc.
Section 8: British Traitors and Free Corps
T1. Nazi Spies, British Traitors: Cases of William Joyce, John Amery,
etc. Notes (Cookridge); transcription of letter from Ritter to Gen.
von Gravenitz concerning Amery (in German); data in English about Amery;
Ribbentrop ordered Fritz Hesse to work with Amery; Lord Haw-Haw being
reburied in Ayr; Amerys trial; execution of Wm Joyce, and Navy
Stoker Henry Herbert Rose; trial of Elsa Gertrude Brietzmann in London;
Theodor Wm Schurch (execution). See also this Box, Section 4, envelope
64.
T2. Nazi Spies against Britain: British Free Corps: also see Amery,
British P.O.W.s. Notes (Cookridge) concerning the formation and activities
of the British Legion (Free Corps)
T3. Nazi Spies against Britain: British Defectors in Germany: Sgt. Hughes
(Free Corps). Notes (Cookridge) regarding Hughes and his activities
as a POW.
T4. Loose draft of article by Cookridge: Nazis going Underground.
Original, on poor paper, supplemented by photocopy. Probably early-mid-1940s
because of other articles he wrote on the same kind of paper. See also
Box 30, File 30.
5G. Counterfeiting. Clippings:1 946-1964. Counterfeit currency designed
to undermine the British and American economies; Cookridge manuscript:
Wave of Forgery Sweeps Europe. See also Box 30, File 30.
6. Clippings: 1942-1978. German spies, East and West German, as well
as Nazi era; Handwritten organizational chart of the Nachrichtendienst
and notes on the BND and BfV (Bundesamt für Verfassungschute).
Section 9: German Intelligence after 1945, Gehlen : Mad
1. Miscellaneous: Clippings: 1960-1978. German Intelligence services;
1960 Bulletin in German on the activities of the government; newspaper
clippings on German security services.
2. Gehlen: Clippings: 1954-1972. Bundesamt für Verfassungschute (B.f.V.)
Dr. Otto John, includes a March 1972 letter by Dr. John to Gunter Gaus,
of Der Spiegel.
3. Gehlen: Security Clippings: 1967. Bundesamt für Verfassungschute.
German information bulletin Innere Sicherheite (#s 9, 11 1967);
newspaper clipping on Communist spy recruitment.
4. Gehlen: Clippings: 1968. Co-op Criminal Department; Bundeskriminalamt.
(counter-sabotage, etc.). Two copies of Innere Sicherheite (#5,
pp. 6-7, 1968; part of #9, p. 9, 1967).
5. BRD. Clippings: 1974-1978. Phone tapping in W. Germany, in English.
Section 10: German Intelligence BfV (Counter-Espionage)
1. German Federal Bundeswehr Army. Clippings: 1956-1968. Composition
of the postwar German Army.
2. German Intelligence Gehlen: B.N.D. and M.A.D. (1968)
described by DDR (Dr. Mader) in Mitteilungsblatt der Arbeitsgemeine
Che, Offiziere #4, April 1968. Empty envelope.
3. Loose clipping about retirement of Gen. Heinz Burchardt.
Box 47
Section 1: Reinhardt Gehlen
1. Loose Clippings: 1971-1974. Bribery charges; book reviews, etc. tangentially
mentioning Gehlen.
2. Several 1968 letters from Ladislas Farago. Originals relocated to
Series 3, Box 21, File 17. Photocopies are here. There was a proposed
collaboration on a book about Gehlen between Cookridge and Farago, but
it never materialized.
3. G1: General Biography. Clippings: 1951-1968. Biographical newspaper
articles by others about Gehlen, and perhaps about one of Gehlens
employees.
4. Gehlens book Der Dienst. Clippings: 1971. Reviews in
English and German of Gehlens Memoirs, and of other books about
him..
5. G2: Wartime Biography. Typewritten note about a Splitterbombe.
50 kg naphtha bombs, and other descriptions.
G2a: FHO documents. Notes about incidents during WWII. In English with
German extract from Gehlens diary, or archival references.
6. G3: Biography of Gehlen: Photostat of 1954 article in German.
7. G7: Own Articles, Daily Telegraph Series: Clippings: 1969.
Three-part series on Gehlen, by Cookridge. Xerox copies: originals were
deteriorating.
8. Werewolf and Nazi revival (Redoubt): Clippings: 1945-1955.
Werewolf activities from 1945-mid-50s; Neo-Nazis, and questions
about their existence.
Section 2: Gehlen and Bormann
1. Gehlen and Bormann. Clippings: 1945-1974. In Der Dienst, Gehlen
said that Bormann was a Soviet agent during WW II, and died in the early
1960s; controversially, others said he had died in Hitlers bunker
in 1945.
Section 3: Gehlen Bureau and BND
1. Suspension of Juergen Alten. Clippings: 1976. von Alten was a senior
member of the Federal Republics German Intelligence Service.
2. MAD (German military counter-intelligence service in the Federal
Republic). 1971.
3. BND1: Gehlen Bureau: General: Clippings: 1955-1969. The organization
and a book review.
4. BND3. Gehlen Bureau: General Wessel and others. Clippings: 1967-1968
The appointment of Gehlens successor.
5. BND3 Gehlen: Clippings: 1971.Description by East German MSS, by Dr.
J. Mader; documentation of Gehlens activities during the war;
names of personnel. Personal correspondence to Cookridge from Mader.
6. BND4: Clippings: 1962. Der Spiegel Case ; Publication by Der
Spiegel of secret information; the resulting charges against the
Editor, publisher and staff
7. BND5: Reorganization Plans (after Gehlen). Clippings: 1968-1970.
Changes in the Federal Republic of Germanys intelligence service.
8. BND6: Clipping: 1970. Dieter Blötz appointed as V-P from 4 May, 1970.
(Rieck to be Direktor of Administration) ; his appointment; organizational
notes by Cookridge.
9. BND7: Measures against D.D.R.: General. Clippings: 1968. East German
transport difficulties; papers to go between east and west, especially
Germany.
10. BND7a: Vulkan affair, 1953: Dr. Hans Hartig and others: Handwritten
note by Cookridge about Hartigs suicide.
11. BND9: Clipping: 1966. Gehlens talks with KGB re German reunification
(1956-57)
12. BND10: Radio Stations in Europe (Free Europe Munich,
etc.) Handwritten (Cookridge) note with reference to a history of Radio
Free Europe by Robt. S. Holt, and newspaper clipping about a former
worker being a Polish spy.
13. BND. Berlin Tunnel, 1956. Clippings: 1956-1972. George Blake and
the betrayal of the tunnels existence.
14. Anti-Communist Balloon Propaganda: Clipping: 1956. Propaganda balloons;
handwritten notes (Cookridge) about reconnaissance balloons.
15. BND15. Betrayals against BND, Felfe et al.: Photostat in German,
Der Spiegel, 1963.
16. BND15a.Clippings: 1963. Criticism after Felfe case. See also Soviet
Spies: Felfe.
17. BND20. Clipping: 1960. Surveillance of Soviet Diplomats:
18. BND Reorganization after 1966 after Adenauer. Faded Photostat recopied.
19. BND20a. Soviet Spies in Germany (Soviet Kommandatura): Clippings:
1961, 1966. Gen. Sacharow; salvage in West Berlin of a crashed Soviet
jet.
20. BND22. Schwirkmann case, 1964. Anti-bugging in Moscow. Clippings:
1964, 1972. Mustard-gas attack on Schwirkmann who was an anti-bugging
expert taking out Russian microphones in Moscow; the devices.
21. BND25. Warning of invasion of Czechoslovakia, 1968. See also Sverina
case: Clippings: 1968. Russian invasion; subsequently, Czech officer
giving a list of Soviet agents to the West.
22. BND30. Gehlens African Interests: Article: 1964. West German
aid expenditures in Africa; handwritten note (Cookridge) showing 1960-66
foreign aid expenditures.
23. Gehlen and Vlassov, Russian Whites Clippings: 1943,
1974. Propaganda involving Vlassov; book review on forcible repatriation.
24. Book Order form for Jahre 10 DDR for 1959 (approx).
Section 4: Gehlen Agents
1. Largely issues of Neue Justiz (1956-1967)
1a. A7.DDR Agents: Haase, Filiale 120; (G)Schuster; (G) Waller (Ahrend,
Ahrens. (1950). Trial of Haase: Karl-Heinz Schmidt; Siegfried Altkruger;
Helmut Schwenk; Walter Schneider; Rolf Osterreich. Formal East German
published accounts of espionage trials of all of these.
2. CIA Agents: Count von Spreti (informed on Cuban Missiles). Empty
envelope.
3. A1.Gehlen and BND agents in General. Clippings: 1970-1971. Diagram
of information loop from spy to Gehlen.
4. A2. Agents Recruited Clipping: 1968.
5. A5: Agents in DDR General. Empty envelope
6. A8: DDR Agents: Kohler (alias Kollbach) Trial of Fink, Heinz (since
1952), with Horst Sterzik; Dieter Gengelback; Wolfdieter Sternheimer;
and Hartmut Stachowitz. Neue Justiz 1962 article about their
trials.
7. A10. DDR Agents: Winkler (US); Col. Frank; Major Gerhard (1956);
trials of Held (Death); Rudert (Death); Halm (Life); Sachse (12 yrs).
Neue Justiz (1956) account of the trials.
8. A13. Agents of US-CIC, MID in DDR (after establishment of BND, 1955-1957).
Capt. Walter, Dr. Bender. Brooks. Trials of Werner Chrobock (1957);
Walter Weihe (SS); Fritsche; Walter Hauptmann; Jutta Templiner (Reference
to Misera). Neue Justiz (1957).
9. A14. RIAS (Radio in American Sector), also ref. to jurists: Dr. Bernd,
Hansen, Ohlsen. Trial of Hinrich, Junge, Kunisch (active since 1953).
Neue Justiz (1957).
10. A15. NATO agents (1957) in DDR: Lehmann; Eich; Schneising; Koch;
van Ackeren; Baumgart; Szuminsky (for Poland). Neue Justiz (1955)
article about their trials.
11. A17: Agents in DDR: Trials of Keimling; Huth; Behmer; Gebhardt (Giesela);
G-control: Gross; Koehler, Friedel; Linden, etc. Note: W/T in
champignon tin. Neue Justiz (1959) article describing the
trials.
12. A19: Agents (1961): Vogt (Giesela Grimm); Dr. Herde; Wegner Hillebrandt;
Pauels; Bender; Bach. Ostburo S P D . Neue Justiz article, 2
copies, (1961) of their trials.
13. A20: Agents BfV (1962) in DDR: Seidel. (Ref. to Terrorgruppe
Wagner-Breitstoffer). Neue Justiz (1963) article about
the trial.
14. A22. Agents: Schroeder (1963) See also Trial of Richter, Railway
Transit since 1948, Steinborn; Pfeiffer; Ahlbory; Schmitz. Empty envelope.
15. A22a. Agents in DDR: Steinborn; V-men: Pfeiffer, Ahlbory. Neue
Justiz (1963) article on the trials of these, plus those listed
for A22.
16. Neue Justiz (1966) Spying activities in West Germany and
West Berlin.
Agents
17. A25. Agents in DDR (1966): (G): Burger; Korner; Greif; Zimmermann;
Oberforster. Trial of Franz Pankratz. 1961: Gerhard Franz; Erich Lorbeer.
Neue Justiz (1966) article about their trials.
18. A26. Agents in DDR: Latinsky and Hüttenrauch (1967). Neue Justiz
(1967) accounts of their trials.
19. A30. Agents in DDR: Clipping: 1951. Osmanov and Sarantzev, parachute.
Moldavia, 1951. Handwritten (Cookridge) note with biographical information
on both men.
20. 31 Agents: Lakno; Makov; Gorbunov; Remiga (Parachutists). Clippings:
1953, 1957. The trial of these men. Handwritten (Cookridge) note with
some background information on the four men.
21. A32. Agents: Ostrikov; Artyushevsky; Kalnitzky; Kostyuk. (1952).
Handwritten (Cookridge) note with background information and the results
of the trial.
22. A33. Agents: Khmelnitzky (double agent, 1953-1957); Kurymatsev;
Yakuta; Novikov. Clipping: 1957 Russian show trial of the four
men confessing to spying; handwritten notes providing biographical information
them.
23. A34. Agents: Golubev, 1952, trained by Fiedler. Ref. to Iran (Steve
= Bollenbach). Handwritten note with biographical information.
24. A35. Agents: Filistovich (ex SS man), 1952? Handwritten (Cookridge)
note with biographical information.
25. A36. Agents, Estonia (1954): Bromberg; par. With Kukk, Tomla. Ref
to Ozolins and training in Fort Bragg. Handwritten (Cookridge) note
with activity information.
26. A37. Agents in Estonia (1952): Mumm, Endel; Vimm; Maltis; Hallisk;
Ustel; Ports; Saalist; Lille; Heyla; Kalvainen. Handwritten (Cookridge
note with operational information.
27. A38. Agent: Guiga, 1958. Handwritten (Cookridge) note with operational
information.
28. A39. Agent: Slavonov (arrested in USSR, 1960. Executed). Handwritten
(Cookridge) note with operational information.
29. A40. Agents in USSR: Kurochkin, Alexander, (1952); Voloshanovsky;
Koshelev. Newspaper clipping about Soviet stories of spies; handwritten
(Cookridge) note with operational information.
30. A44. Agents in USSR: Sonntag; Naumann. 1961. Photostat of German
newspaper article reporting the trial of the two men.
31. A45. Agents in USSR: Clippings: 1962-1966, 1969. Kischke, Martina
arrested Aug. 1966, and exchanged for Frenzel, Dec. 1966; dubious
tactics used by Soviets; Ernst Röhrig, and Heinz Brandt arrested in
East Germany and held.
32. A46. Agents in USSR: Volker Schaffhauser (1967) (NST). West German
student arrested by Soviets.
33. A47. Agents in USSR: Clippings: 1961. Adolf and Hermina Werner:
West German tourists arrested by Soviets and accused of spying.
34. A48. Agents in USSR: Clippings: 1969. Ludwig Lerner (1968), Embassy
Secretary, Moscow. The Soviet charges against him.
35. A49. Agents in USSR: Prof. Ignati Ogurzov, in Leningrad, sentenced
to 15 years, 1967.
36. A51. Agents in Poland: Clipping: 1955. Idzikowski: brothers and
wife: Stephien, A.; Sabina Kozera; J. Kasprzyk; their sentencing for
alleged espionage.
37. A54. Agents in Rumania: Clipping: 1951.Wilhelm Spender; Constantine
Saplakan. Captured in Rumania.
38. A55. Agents in Czechoslovakia: Clipping: 1969. General period; Operation
Bohemia, also see Soviet spies, Frenzel (A45)
39. A58. Agents: Clippings: 1968. Anton Marek, Paul Katscher, both Austrian;
word received on these two Viennese kidnapped by the Russians in 1947-1948.
40. A61. Agents in France: Clippings: 1968. Picard case. Gehlens
agents in France; the arrest and trial of Picard.
41. Richard Christmann, in Tunisia in 1960s. Copy of 1967 letter from
Christmann to Gerhard Stalling Verlag, in German, complaining about
the information about him in Cookridges book, Versteckspiel
mit dem Tod. Original in Series 3: Correspondence; copy in this
envelope.
42. Neue Justiz (1964) article on Herbert Kühn who was arrested
as a terrorist.
Section 5: Gehlen and NTS (The Popular Labour Alliance)
1. NTS1. General. Clippings:1951-1969. Activities of this group; Cookridge
note about the history of the organization.
2. NTS2. Contact with NTS. Empty envelope.
3. NTS5. Clipping: 1954. Kholklov case: Okolovitch defected to West
Germany in 1954, and Kholklov was supposed to assassinate him, but did
not.
4. NTS6. Staschynskij (1961) and the assassinations of Bandera and Rebet
(1957, 1959). Photostat typescript in German of an article about Staschynskij
as a double murderer.
Section 6: Gehlen/ Terror Groups/Ostburo
Section 7: German Intelligence Defectors
1. D1: Turning Around Treatment: General. Empty Envelope
2. D7: Defections from East: Clippings: 1958-1959. Siegfried Dombrowski,
Deputy Head of Military Intelligence, DDR) also mention of Capt.
Heim.
3. Defectors: Czechoslovakia: Gen. Seyna. Clippings: 1971. What he revealed
about Khrushchev and his brutal policies.
Section 8: RSHA Gestapo Sicherheitsdienst
1. Miscellaneous Clippings: 1968-1977. Obit: Gen. Lothar Rendulic; Goebbels
plans for Fleet Street; Jewish and other victims of the Nazi regime.
2. Nazis: Gestapo: Clippings: 1947-1970. Includes Der Spiegel
article #6 on the history of the Gestapo, earlier article; Gestapo activities
and personnel, with list of British persons to be removed when Germany
conquered Britain; list includes Spiro/Cookridge; article on Ilsa Koch
the Witch of Buchenwald.
3. Nazis: Gestapo: Himmler, Heydrich, Muller, etc. Clippings: 1961-1968.
Himmler and Heydrich.
4. Gestapo: Prosecutions of Jews: Clippings: 1961-1968. Fates of Jews
from several European countries.
5. German concentration camps: Clippings: 1964-1977. Dachau and Treblinka.
6. Nazis: Concentration Camps, S.S. and War Criminals: Clippings: 1958-1968.
How the Nazi officials behaved when they were arrested themselves; variety
of authors, appeals, stories.
7. Israel: Clippings: 1973. Auschwitz Revolt: Series of Articles in
Jewish Observer and Middle East Review; resistance in Auschwitz;
extracts 1, 2, 4 and 5 from Reuben Ainszteins book.
8. Nazis: Clippings: 1960-1968. Auschwitz trials in Germany: trials
of individuals involved in running Auschwitz.
9. Nazis: Clippings: 1973. Gestapo KZ: Treblinka: Martin Grays
book about Treblinka.
10. Nazis: Clippings: 1961-1969. Eichmann trial: US Information Service
bulletin: trial of Eichmann himself and two of his aides, Hermann Kruney,
and Otto Hunsche.
11. Nazi War Crime Trials in Germany. Clippings: 1964-1965. Zech-Nenntwich
Case: his trial after escaping jail.
12. Treasures Hidden or Looted during the War (France): Clippings: 1943.
The Earl of Suffolk rescued jewels, rare chemicals, and technical secrets
from the Nazis, and got them safely to Britain; other articles about
gold and pearls hidden from the Nazis and recovered after the war. See
also Box 65, File 15.
13. Treasures Hidden or Looted during the War (Poland): Clippings: 1946.
The theft of Polish treasure brought to Canada during the war.
14. Treasures Hidden or Looted during the War (Far East): Clippings:
1946. The burial of regimental silver of the Kings Own Yorkshire
Light Infantry; trial of Capt Morton on a charge of improper possession
of looted material.
15. Treasures Hidden or Looted during the War (Nazi loot): Clippings:
1944-1977. A broad spectrum of people hiding the treasures; the nature
of the materials; discoveries of hidden loot; still-missing treasures,
etc.
16. BND: Steiner Bribery Case (Steiner as Double Agent). Clippings:
1973: Activities of Steiner in Bonn in political scandal; he claimed
to be working for the DDR with the knowledge of the Bonn government.
17. Nazis: Pre-war Purges Reichstags fire, etc. Clippings:1960,
1961. Who really started the fire in 1933? Suggestion that Goering or
some other Nazi official ordered it. Letter to the Editor of the Daily
Telegraph (1961) by Kahan.
18. East Germany (GDR) US Embassy. Clippings: 1974. First exchange
of diplomats; refusal of US ambassador to accept the embassy as home
because there were no closets.
Box 48
Nazis Hitler War Crimes Germany
Hitler War Crimes
Section 1: Loose Clippings
1. British Survey bulletins, July 7, 21, 1939; the Astors: Nancy, new
biography (1972, 1974).
2. Miscellaneous: Clippings: 1969-1978. The Hindenburg fire;
the Reichstag fire of 1933; Hitler and what might have happened
book reviews; anti-Nazi material; article on French prisoner-of-war
camps.
Section 2: Nazi Leaders
1. Hitler: Clippings: 1945-1978. Information on Hitlers death;
whether or not he really was dead; personal information; strategy with
crowds; book reviews about Hitler.
1a. Hitlers Death. Clippings: 1968. Sunday Times Weekly
series of articles on The End of Hitler based upon material
in Russian archives.
2. Hitlers early days: Clippings: 1969-1978. Techniques, activities,
tax breaks, etc.
3. Hitler: Plots Against Clippings: 1966-1970. Book reviews on
July 1944 attempt by staff officers to assassinate Hitler; two articles
on a 1939 bomb attempt.
4. Typescript Minutes of 1937 Reichskanzlerei meeting. In
English; original German article signed by Hossbach, a colonel in the
General Staff, who took the notes of the meeting.
5. Hitler, by Speer: Clippings: 1969. Two Sunday Telegraph
articles by Speer about Hitler; clipping about a planned 1944 bomber
raid on New York City by a new plane, the Junkers 390.
6. Hitler; Recent Biographies: Clippings: 1969-1978. Book reviews of
Fests biography of Hitler; review of biography by Grunfeld; other
book reviews largely about Hitler.
7. Hjalmer Schacht, the Reichsbank President: Clipping: 1946. Article
by official psychologist at Nuremberg jail; Hitlers finances,
etc.
8. Hitler; Clippings: 1972. Article on the V3 project (1972).
9. Rudolph Hess: Clippings: 1960-1978.
10. Hess Visit (1941). Clippings: 1971, 1972.
11. Rudolph Hess. Clippings: 1969-1978.Account by prison director US
Col. Eugene Bird; British efforts to have Hess freed from Spandau
12. Martin Bormann: Clippings: 1962-1967.General Biographies and photo;
his daughters article is in Italian.
13. Search for Bormann. Clippings: 1945-1977. General postwar information
in four languages about Bormann and his family.
14. Dr. Joseph Goebbels. Clippings (1965-1978).
15. Hermann Goering. Clippings: 1969-1974. His suicide.
16. Albert Speer. Clippings: 1969-1976.
17. Speers Spandau Diary. Clippings: 1976. Series based on his
book; letter to the editor.
18. Miscellaneous: Clippings: 1967-1978. Obits: von Schirach; Otto Strasser;
articles on Adm Doenitz. Book review on Nazi Philosophy; Ribbentrop
house in Britain; book reviews on the Eastern Front, Luftwaffe, V1 and
V2 rockets; failure of atomic research; Ernst Roehm.
19. Nazi Generals (OKW, OKH, OKM, Luftwaffe). Clippings: 1969-1978.
Book reviews on Nazi tanks, the fall of Fortress Europe, Hitler and
his generals; articles on Rommel, Lammerding, Molinari, Hausser, Halder,
Milch, Schoerner, Manstein, Galland. See also: Box 65, File 14 for short
biographies of leaders of the Luftwaffe, 1942-1943.
Section 3: War Criminals and Trials
1. Miscellaneous: Clippings: 1962-1978. Book reviews: deaths in concentration
camps; Danish protection of its Jewish citizens during the war; incidents
and people concerned in war crimes; the Adlon Hotel and its problems
with Nazis and others
1a. Typescript by Cookridge: British Intelligence and its activities
in identifying Nazi criminals.
2. Nazi War Criminals: Clippings: 1964-1978. Simon Wiesenthal and the
Vienna Documentation Centre; his concerns about finding Nazi criminals.
3. Nazis: War Crimes Trials. Clippings: 1960-1968. Former Nazis: their
arrests and sentencing for war crimes.
4. Germany: War Criminals List at end of War (1945): Clipping:
1946. List of Nuremberg defendants, the criminal counts against them,
and the results; more extensive list of known Nazis, and their whereabouts
as of the creation of the (undated) list. Cookridges own list?
5. Nazi War Criminals: Nazi Leaders sentenced at Nuremberg. Clippings:
1945-1946. Copy of Agreement on the Prosecution and Punishment
of the Major War Criminals of the European Axis; personalia tried
at Nuremberg with many pictures; prospectus by Cookridge on Where
Are They Now? regarding Nazi War Criminals.
6. Nazis: Dr. Josef Mengele (Auschwitz Doctor): Clippings: 1961-1964.
His arrest.
7. Nazi War Criminals: Clippings: 1976-1978. Pieter Mejten, Dutch Millionaire
(ex-SS officer in Poland). Fled to Switzerland, extradited (1976); accused
of complicity in the murder of Polish Jews while there as an SS interpreter.
8. Nazis: Otto Skorzeny: Clippings: 1963-1975. His writing, activities
and death.
9. Nazi concentration camps: British Prisoners Compensation. Clippings:
1967-1968. Peter Churchill, Capt. Payne Best et al. British Foreign
Office refusal to pay compensation for 13 prisoners not actually held
inside prison camp; pressure from media and MPs to reconsider; action
of Ombudsman.
10. Germany: Nazi-Victims Compensation. Initial arrangements for
compensating victims in Austria , Germany, and the Jewish state.
11. Miscellaneous: Clippings: 1968-1974. The future dreams of the partitioned
German state; its beauty; Egon Bahr; radical right-wing; Robert Dräcker;
Ribbentrops sister; biographical article on Kurt Gerstein, SS
Obersturmführer; interview with Ernst Benda, Bundesminister; Security
leak in Bonn.
12. German Officers Corps: Clippings: 1945, 1965. Book reviews: The
Crime of the German General Staff
Section 4: German Reich before 1918
1. Clippings: ca.1922-1978. Kopenicks death hoax; Kaiser Wilhelm
after WWI; political murder in wartime Germany; book review: Germany
between the Wars; obituary of Heinrich Bruning; hyperinflation in Germany.
2. Clippings: 1954-1974. Munich Goes Communist; Germany
and the 1848 Revolution; Escape; militarism in Germany.
Section 5: Loose Clippings
1. Miscellaneous: Clippings: 1945-1978. Postwar Berlin, with obit of
Ernst Lemmer; articles on Baader-Meinhof and other terrorists; article:
Germans and the Revolution; Germany and Britain (post-War);
book review: biography of Carl Goerdeler; obits of Willy Messerschmidt;
articles: Wernher von Braun, Prince Fitzmauritz of Hessen, Gunther Plüschow,
Franz von Werra, Dietmar Buchholz, Axel Springer; article about Amnesty
International (1971); issue of Politik and Zeitgeschichte (1954)
on the problem of militarism in Germany; personalia; handwritten notes
on postwar interrogation centres, spy activities in the 1960s and 1970s.
Federal German Government (BND): collection of reports on various government
policies.
1a. Germany: Foreign Policy Clippings, 1961-1976. West Germanys
Eastern policies, e.g. Russia.
2. Germany: East Germany; Clippings: 1961-1966. Germany: (English?)
dislike of Germans; how Germans live; Hamburgs entertainments;
war dead.
3. Brandts Ostpolitik: looked for help in relaxing tensions with
Russia and East Germany, trade with Hungary, and external views of the
Social Democratic Party;
4. Dr. Konrad Adenauer: Clippings: 1972-1976. Diplomatic efforts with
the East Bloc; centenary of his birth.
5. President Luebke: Clippings: 1967-1968. His alleged former Nazi associations.
6. Nazis: a German Apologia: Clippings 19641969: Oskar Schindler
and his activities; book review of Auschwitz in England;
East German propaganda; claim that ordinary Germans knew about the death
camps; Eichmann trial; Adenauers request that the world not blame
all Germans for what the Nazis did before and during WWII.
7. Ehrhardt and Kiesinger empty envelopes.
8. Nazi Gold in Africa: Clippings: 1976. Peter Baldau swindle, and arrests
in London: Rommels supposed treasure in Africa; the smashing of
an international swindle based on the sale of non-existent Nazi gold
in Africa.
9. Foreign Policy toward Israel empty envelope.
10. German Foreign Policy in Africa, and BRD, NATO involvement
empty envelope.
11. NATO Involvement empty envelope.
Section 6: Neo-Nazis
1. Loose Clippings: 1946-1977. Plan for fusion between British and American
zones, and the right-wing movement; plan to divide Germany into 12 federated
states; trade brochure on Federal Republic of Germany; Mel Brookss
movie The Producers (1977) recouping German history; indictment
of Valerian Trifa, the Rumanian Orthodox Bishop in North America over
his fascist activities in Rumania; book review: establishment of central
Organization and Planning for liberated countries after the War; court
cases; dissolution of the Freicorps Deutchlands; Wolf-Dieter Eckart.
See also Box 47, Envelopes G28; Box 42A, File 2; Box 32, File
5.
2. Anti-Nazi movements, e.g. the Avengers, et al. Clippings:
1960-1967. Lists of war criminals and their pursuit mostly by Israel;
Nazis and their hunters; Germanys reparations payments to Israel;
European Conference of Anti-Semitism.
3. Clippings: 1968.New Communist Party in Germany; ceremonies to honour
Karl Marx on his 150th birthday.
4. Helmut Schmidt as Bundeskanzler, after Brandts resignation:
Clippings: May, 1974. His accession to power and the historical background.
Section 7: Germany-Allied Occupation after 1945
1. British Zone, map of West Germany defining initial occupation zones.
2. Germany: British Military Government: Clippings: 1945-1946. Amenities
in postwar Germany for occupying troops.
3. Economics: Clippings: 1946-1947. Continuing threat of Germanys
industrial potential; Marshall Plans early stages.
4. Scientists: Clippings: 1946-1947. Postwar German research.
5. US Zone Bavaria. Clippings: 1946. Governance chart; articles
on the US constabulary force there, Tass article on shortcomings of
US occupation activities.
6. Re-education and DeNazification: Clippings: 1945-1946. Nazi breeding
programs; pondering to what level guilt for the war should be assigned;
typescript (Cookridge) on what to do with the SS leaders; removal of
Nazis from work posts in Germany; amnesty for non-criminal Nazi youth;
programs for children.
7. US Occupation: Clippings: 1944-1946, 1973. Partitioning of Germany;
American plan; Kiesings Contemporary Archives on activities mopping
up in Germany; repatriation of American war dead; closure of the banks
by the Russians in Berlin; postwar progress in negotiations over partition;
lack of action on starting cultural activities; military justice; garrison
towns; student essays; new President of Bavaria, Hans Ehard; press release
on future plans for the Occupation; Alfred Loritzs Party of Economic
Reconstruction; response to proposal for removing US troops from Europe.
8. French military government: Clippings: 1945-1946. Fate of the Saar;
French involvement in same; blunder of ignoring France at the partition
table.
9. Allied Occupation after 1945: Clippings: 1945. Re-education of Germans
in the British Zone; elections; British policies in Germany; complaint
about diversion of resources to Germany from Britain; German opinions
(1945); Russian deportation of German workers; problems of partitioning
between East and West.
10. Soviet Military Government: Clippings: 1944-1947. Eastern Front;
deaths of 7 million German soldiers and behaviour of Russian invaders;
Russian handling of war prisoners; Adventure with the Russians;
the Russian zone in Germany by S. L. Solon; The Soviet zone and the
French zone in Berlin; Russian attitudes about German industrialization;
Germanys industrial potential to support large aggression; trade
fair in Leipzig; Berlin in 1946; Russian breakup of huge Prussian estates
into small farms; handling of German POWs in Russia.
11. Arrest of Doenitz Government at Flensburg: envelope has a typescript/press
release on Hasselmeyers report of Gestapo men on Berlin police
force.
12. Officers and SS Leaders in British POW camps: Clippings: 1945-1946.
Germans behind Barbed Wire; German High Command POWs in
Britain before the Nuremberg trials; policing of one German island;
Reckinghausen internment camp.
13. British Military Government: Clippings: 1945 1966. Policies prohibiting
marriage between British soldiers and ex-Nazi girlfriends; necessary
treatment of former Nazis; the demise of collaborators with the Allied
Occupation forces; life of the British soldier in Berlin; the British
Control Commission; families moving to Germany; smuggling a girlfriend
into Britain; German demonstrations against British requisitioning of
housing; British Army in Germany; cost of maintaining an army of occupation;
cost of maintaining them and their families as NATO commitments decline;
small reparation.
14. Clippings: 1944-1970. Nazi plotters; Hitler-religion; trials; pensions
for former Nazi officials; picture of Himmler; splitting Germany after
end of war; scientific discoveries picked up in Germany; postwar German
elections.
15. Economics: Clippings: 1946. Conditions, students in Germany; federal
rule; left-wing tendencies in German politics, and voting issues; economic
issues; students in Germany; future of industrialization; Board of Trade
Survey of German Industry: indication of bibliography; the Ruhr; general
insecurity.
16. Germanys future. Clippings: 1946-1970. West German Military
in NATO; ad for Rev. Martin Niemoller in London; typescript: Germany
Disgorges her Secrets of Science by Cookridge. (See also Box 30,
File 30).
17. German Prisoners: Clippings: 1946. How German POWs held in Britain,
the USA, and Canada are being transported back to Britain, re-educated,
and/or used to assist agriculture.
Box 49
East Germany: Deutsche Democratik Republik (DDR)
Section 1: Berlin
1. Clippings: 1946-1978. Economy; Documents on Occupation; the Wall,
including map of the wall; end of blockade; conspirators, spooks; raid
on Goebbels vice club; shooting; death of persons trying to escape
East Germany.
2. Radio Free Europe Research Papers (1971). West Berlin socialist party;
the upcoming election.
3. General. Clippings: 1969-1977. Politics; economics; map showing the
Occupation Zones.
4. Clippings: 1970-1977. Power agreement and problems with it.
5. Wall general: Clippings: 1961-1977. Politics and zone conflicts in
Berlin.
6. Wall tunnels: Clippings: 1962, 1963. Escape tunnels from East to
West.
7. Berlin Escapes: Clippings: 1961-1978. Variety of escapes through
many areas from East to West, with variable success.
8. Berlin Escapes. Clipping: 1974. Susan Ballantynes attempt to
smuggle a male friend to the West; her trial, appeals, sentencing, freeing.
Section 2: DDR East Germany
1. Border. Clippings: 1970-1977. Hazards of attempting to cross.
2. Clippings: 1971. Radio Free Europe Research Papers: changes in Communist
perspectives in the DDR
3. Prisoners. Clippings: 1956-1977. Amnesty International (AI), and
others; prisoners and illegal arrests in East Germany; AI report on
East Germany; Radio Free Europe report on political prisoners in East
Germany after 1970.
4. Politics: Clippings: 1970-1977.
5. East-West German Frictions, especially over Berlin. Clippings: 1974-1976.
6. General: Clippings: 1970-1978.
7. Spies: Clippings: 1975, and undated. Spy trials in Switzerland for
Wolf, Kaelin (1975).
8. Walter Ulbricht. Clippings:1962-1973. Obits; typescript article.
9. Erich Honecker. Clippings: 1971-1978. Radio Free Europe (RFE) Research
papers, 1971; alleged arrest of newspaper staff for adding a derogatory
remark to an account of a speech.
10. Berlin Uprising, 1953: Clippings: 1951, 1953.
11. Government. Clippings: 1963-1965. RFE material on composition of
the Politburo, Secretariat, and Councils of the Communist Party and
East German government.
12. Government: RFE paper (1966) with lists of Politburo, Secretariat,
Councils.
13. Government 1967; Typescript article (likely RFE) entitled Puppet
Parties on elections in East Germany where candidates from other
parties subservient to the regime, are available on the ballot.
14. Rehabilitation of Purge Victims (1964). Typescript (RFE): Robert
Hans Guenther Havemanns case.
15. Soviet Spies in Germany. Clippings: 1961-1971. Spy City Berlin.
16. Police, Army, etc. clippings: 1947-1956, and undated. Germans in
Russian army; German Peoples Army (DDR); DDR Army and Navy.
Section 3: DDR East German Espionage Organization
1. Major General Marcus Wolf. Clipping 1969
2. DDR Intelligence Organization: Mielke (1968). Clippings: 1946-1970.
Voting interference by NKVD, etc.; East German nefarious activities,
in general.
3. DDR East German Intelligence: Clippings, 1964, 1928-1936, and undated.
Wollweber in Cairo; Cookridges handwritten note on a list of ships
Wollweber was apparently involved in sabotaging.
4. Traps for Western Visitors: Innere Sicherheit, Köln, 1967-1968.
5. Radio International, East Berlin: Typescript: 1969. Propaganda broadcasts
in Czech.
6. Terrorist Kühn Case. Clipping: 1964.
7. Gerhard Eisler. Clipping: 1955. Head of propaganda for East Germany,
and a fugitive from the USA.
8. Reasons for the Berlin Wall. Alleged Aggression by the
Bundesrepublic against East Germany: Neue Justiz (1964).
9. East German Intelligence: New Criminal Law (1968), including against
spies, etc.
Box 50
France
Section 1: General
1. Clippings: 1976. Relations between government and the press.
2. Clippings: 1972-1978. Politics: Giscard dEstaing; vigilantes,
communists, etc.
3. Clippings: 1972-1978, and undated. Articles, clippings, book list,
and book reviews on historical topics; article on Louis XVI; dinner
at Maxims (1978); student revolt of 1968; book reviews of R. Cobb,
Paris and its Provinces, 1792-1802; J. Lacouture, André Malraux;
E. Holt, The Tiger: Georges Clemenceau, 1841-1929; A. Morder,
Operation Menace; D. Seward, The Bourbon Kings of France;
Paris Match article on the 1940 battle at Seden.
4. Clippings: 1975-1978. Military. Variety of topics ranging from the
potential disbanding of the Foreign Legion to unionization of the Army.
5. Clippings: 1972-1977. Personalia: Malraux, Albert Naud, obit Braunschweig,
Giscard dEstaing, etc.
5. Crime. Clippings: 1975-1978. Bribery in arms sales; Scandal at Dassault;
shooting in Paris; proposed assassination of Prince de Broglie (which
actually occurred in 1977); neo-Fascists; bank robbery at Nice; M. Chambon
on kidnapping.
6. Secret Service: Clippings: 1976, 1978. French cash funding Canadian
separatist newspaper; internal problems in Secret Service; death of
François Doublet.
Section 2: French Secret Service and Intelligence
1. Clippings: 1973, 1974. Bugging of the Canard Enchainé and other bugging
and telephone tapping.
2. Sureté: Newspaper clipping (1962). De Gaulles bodyguards.
3. SDECE (Service de Documentation et Contre-Espionage). 1963., Les
Barbouzes.
4. de Gaulle: Assassination Attempts. Clippings: 1962 -1967. OASs
(Secret Army Organization) efforts to murder de Gaulle.
5. Other Assassinations and Attempts. Clippings 1962-1974. Sartre, Pompidou,
Paul Stehlin; Giscard dEstaing.
6a. Philippe Thiraud de Vosjoli: Exposures: Clipping:1968. Soviet Spy
close to de Gaulle, sometimes called the French Philby.
6.b. Clipping: April 1968: the scandal Vosjoli caused.
7. OAS (French Secret Army Organization). Clippings: 1962-1973. Bidault,
Soustelle; aims, organization and actions of the OAS and their personnel.
8. Ben Barka, Figon. Clippings: 1962-1967. Kidnapping of
Ben Barka, a Moroccan leftist leader; finding a skeleton which might
be his; probable assassination.
9. Newspaper clippings: 1956-1974. Reports of difficulties in the SDECE,
including drug smuggling into the USA by some agents; several notes
by Cookridge.
10. Red Hand (OAS Precursor). Clippings: 1960-1961. Their assassinations
(car bombs, etc).
11. Algiers Putsch (1961), Salan, etc.: Clippings: 1960-1972. Purge
of officials in Algiers; arrest, imprisonment and release of Gen. Salan,
the former head of the secret army organization in Algeria; army rebellion
against some policies of the French govt.
12. Presidential Elections in France. Clippings: April-July, 1974. Election
of a successor to Pompidou; the race between Giscard dEstaing
and Mitterrand.
13. Bishop Danielous Death, June, 1974. The circumstances, and
the aftermath.
14. Politics, General. Clippings: 1972-1976. Left-Right conflicts; comparisons
with Chile; leadership challenges; economics, property ownership.
14b. Politics, General. Clippings 1971-1976. Pompidous illness
and death; his successors; other information during Giscards term
of office; new PM Pierre Messmer.
15. Historical. Clippings: 1968-1976. Repairs to the ravages of WW II;
France and the Nazis; the Occupation; book reviews: French political
figures; the Paris Revolt of 1871; a new French-English Dictionary.
16. Personalia: Obituaries: Geraud Pertinax, Jacques DuClos,
Georges Revers, Georges Pompidou, Ailleret, Yves Goddard, Guy Mollet;
articles about Serge Alexandre Stavisky (French Con Man); Henri Ribiére,
Simone Weil, Jean-Baptiste Doumeng, Jacques Chaban-Delmas, Gen. Marcel
Bigeard.
17. Clippings: 1968-1969. Tshombes captivity and death.
18. France. Booklet: The British Survey April-May,
1950. #s 68, 69: 48 pp.
19. Student unrest, Clippings: 1976. Strikes by French students.
20. Military, arms sales, nuclear tests. Clippings: 1968-1977. Behaviour
of military groups; accusation of torture; nuclear explosions; French
Communist support for nuclear weapons.
21. The press. Clippings: 1970-1976. Business changes in the French
Press; death of Bernard Cabanes in a bomb attack.
22. Crime: kidnapping and murder of judge; Markovic scandal; drug dealings;
explosions.
23. Spies. Clippings: 1965-1976. Variety of accused.
24. SDECE. Clippings: 1971.Resignation of Col. Marenches over the heroin
scandal involving Delouette and Fournier.
25. Mons Case (1950). Clippings: 1954-1956. US embassy obtained French
military secrets in France: four accused.
26. Dreyfus Case. Clippings: 1923-1975. Contemporary articles about
Dreyfuss death; about Esterhazy who provided perjured evidence
at Drefuss trial; book reviews about the Dreyfus affair.
27. Middle East. Cairo Trials. Clippings; 1961-1962. Arrest of French
diplomats as spies plotting to assassinate Nasser.
28. History of Spies: France: Fouchés ideas were compared to those
of the Nazis.
29. Great War, 1914-1918. Cookridge typescript numbered I; the
Woman who won the War: Desirée Maligny; book reviews on Dare
Call it Treason; French army during WW I when several divisions
went on strike in the face of the enemy in 1917.
30. Chiefs. Clippings: 1960-1975. Jacquin; Jacquier; de Marenches; Bertrand.
31. Clippings: 1975. Gen. Paul Stehlin, on Northrups payroll injured
in bus accident; his later death from his injuries.
32. Clippings: 1975-1976.
33. Relations with former colonies, Third World, and European Parliament.
Clippings: 1975.
34. Algeria. Clippings: 1972. The Algerian War.
Section 3: German Spies in France before 1939
1. Erich Anspach (1922 article); woman spies (undated) between the two
wars.
Section 4: France: Government, Political Leaders, Foreign Relations.
1. President Pompidou. Clippings: 1963-1974. Pompidou and his government;
obits.
2. Valery Giscard dEstaing. Clippings: 1974, 1978. Includes 1976
State visit to UK.
3. France: The Death of the Fourth Republic and the Birth of the
Fifth, The British Survey, March 1959. #120: 24 pp.
4. Pierre Mendez-France. Newspaper clippings: 1954, 1962, and undated.
His policies.
5. Charles de Gaulle. Clippings: postwar to 1968. Biographical articles;
his ability to win elections.
6. Foreign Legion. Clippings: 1956-1963, 1974, and undated. Life in,
and persons joining the Foreign Legion; battling in Algeria; book review:
Wellard, J.: The Foreign Legion.
7. Atom Bomb test (July, 1973). Clippings: 1973. Test in the Pacific.
Section 5: War 1939-1945: Nazi Occupation and Resistance.
1. Defeat by Nazis, Clippings: 1966-1976. Occupation; postwar personalities:
Pétain, Laval, Col Remy, Gen König; events.
2. S.O.E. Interallié. See also The Cat (Box 6, F20, #23) Holograph maps
of Resistance areas and associated personnel; notes.
3. Micheline Carré, The Cat: Clippings: 1950s.
4. S.O.E. French Section. French Traitors: Note, not by Cookridge, on
Masuy and an address.
5. Nazi Spies in France. Clippings: 1934-1938. Trials: Lydia Oswald,
Georges Frogé, Stavisky (See also Section 2 above, File 16), Cridlig,
Marc Aubert, on charges of being Nazi spies.
6. French Secret Service: Assistance to Biafra. Clippings: 1968. Secret
documents found in a crashed car.
7. French Secret Service: War 1939-1945. Clippings: 1946, 1959. Passy,
Remy, Wybot etc.; Gilbert Renault (Remy)
8. Spies: Clippings: 1958, 1963. Josephine Baker: Also handwritten notes,
and a draft letter to her in French, by Cookridge.
Section 6: Algiers Revolt and O.A.S.
1. Gorillas. de Gaulles bodyguards: Clippings: 1962-1969. OAS
activities in general; kidnapping of Antoine Argoud, head of the OAS;
handwritten note by Cookridge.
Section 7: Communists, Student Rebels
1. Communists. Clippings: 1947-1978. Communist/Leftist activities in
France: unions, etc; RFE Research Papers concerning Communist activities
in France; foreign relations with Communist countries.
2. Corsican Rebellion. Clippings: 1975. After Algeria, some Corsicans
wanted the same deal Algeria got from France. Communist-led?
Box 51
United Nations (UN) and NATO
Section 1: NATO
Note: Envelopes 1 and 2 have been moved to Section 4 as numbers 3 and
4.
3a. NATO and Warsaw Pact: European Security Conference, Vienna, 1973.
Clippings: 1973-1974. Concern over troop cuts, nuclear issues.
3b. Helsinki Conference on European Security. Clipping:
1973. Both East and West concerns over arranging a summit conference;
testing the diplomatic waters, etc.
4. East-West European Security Conference in Geneva (1974). General
aims. Clippings: 1974. Reduction of troops; nuclear problems; Cyprus,
Turkey.
5. European Security Conference, Helsinki: Signing Ceremony, August
1975. Clippings: June-August 1975. Defined as the Magna Carta
of European Peace: cooperation amongst 35 nations for peace, equal
security for all, and cooperation to mutual benefit; signatories included
all European countries, plus the US and Canada, but minus Albania.
6. Helsinki Conference. Clippings: 1975. Aftermath, comments on détente,
etc.; Conference in Belgrade.
7. Military Weapons. Clippings: 1975-1977. Used by NATO; policies of
practical operation; attempts at standardization; base in Iceland.
8. Clippings: 1973-1977. Politics in General; matters being introduced
by the USA; the growing arms race with Russia.
9. Summit with President Gerald Ford, in Brussels, 1975.
10. NATO and the Soviet Union. Clippings: 1975-1977. Political upheavals;
complaints; contradictions, etc.
11. NATO Weapons versus Soviet Weapons. Clippings: 1974-1978.
12. EEC and NATO. Clippings: 1972-1977. Market forces; differences in
police forces in the Community, etc.
13. NATO and non-aligned nations: Clippings: 1975-1976. Includes Turkey,
Sri Lanka; breakup of SEATO.
14. Anti-nuclear movement: WISE and MFS: World Information Service on
Energy (Amsterdam); Institute for Policy Studies (Washington); Transnational
Institute (Amsterdam); Mobilization for Survival (Philadelphia); World
Peace Council (Moscow) contacts. Clipping: 1978.
Section 2: NATO Intelligence
1. NATO secrets stolen from high jacked plane. Single incident (1970);
original report written by Cookridge.
2. Soviet Spies against. Clippings: 1967-1971. General; proposed multinational
security set-up in Brussels; aerial surveillance; note by Cookridge
on the identification of two Soviet agents working for NATO.
3. General and Intelligence: Clippings: 1969-1972, 1977-1978. NATO military
strength in comparison to Warsaw Pact resources.
4. Lessons of Arab-Israeli War (1973). Clippings: 1973-1974. SAM missiles;
other new technologies; complaints by NATO, that Israel gave information
on the missiles only to the USA. See also: Box 66, Section 2, Envelope
14.
5. US. Clippings: 1972-1973. Crisis in Middle East; resulting American-German
quarrel; US fears that Russia would send troops into Egypt, so unilaterally
it put its troops stationed in Germany on alert; called overplayed.
6. US disagreement over Arab-Israeli War (1973). Clippings: 1973. US
accused of withholding information; threatens idea of détente.
7. NATO / Warsaw Pact: Comparative strengths (1973). Clippings: 1973-1975.
Weaponry; 25th anniversary of NATO; negative comments about arms race.
8. Member Nations and Political Issues. Clippings: 1974-1975, 1977.
The British Survey April, 1959, #176; variety of topics including
worries about Cyprus; a safe trade route around the Cape of Good Hope;
Friends of Cyprus issue 16 (July-Oct. 1977), 12 pp. after death of Makarios..
9. Equipment, Exercises, Military Strategy. Clippings: 1973-1975. Loss
of life and property through exercises; finances; an original invitation
to Cookridge to the press conference, plus the press release, of Exercise
Northern Merger.
10. Clippings: 1971-1975. Position papers; diplomacy; philosophical
perspectives; personalia; Security Conferences; Summits; Ottawa Conference;
proposed agenda for 17th annual assembly; BAC news release on reappointment
of Harry Lacy as Chair of the NATO Industrial Advisory Group.
11. USSR/Russian Activities, Expectations. Clippings: 1970-1979. Flaws
in NATO alliance; Russian tactics over Cyprus; worries of NATO member
states over distribution of Russian naval vessels; involvement in Iran
and Iraq.
12. Role in Cyprus conflict. Clippings: 1974. Captions reflect turbulence
of the struggle; Greeces withdrawal from NATO; NATOs concern
was the Cypriot air bases for NATO operations.
13. Difficulties: General. Clippings: 1974-1976. NATO concerns over
defense-budget cuts by member nations; comparative strengths of NATO
vs. Warsaw Pact; treatment of Alexander Haig; NATOs Doctrine
of Dither.
Section 3: Arms Reduction
1. Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty (SALT) talks. Clippings: 1971-1974.
Soviet abuses of SALT; the numbers game; risks of germ warfare; talks
in London, Geneva, Moscow; visits by Nixon, Ford; nuclear arms.
2. SALT talks. Clippings: 1975-1977. Held in Geneva; resulting impasses;
secret talks in London; cruise missiles; deception by Kissinger and
Ford; charges that Russia did not follow the rules; reluctance of Russia
to cooperate; neutron bomb; Carter and Gromyko, and weapons.
3. International Arms Sales, 1974-1978, and undated. General philosophical
perspectives; Russia, France, and Britain as sellers of arms.
4. Central Treaty Organization (CENTO): meeting of US, Britain, Turkey,
Iran, and Pakistan on the island of Diego Garcia, off India; discussion
of an existing American air base on the island; election of a new Secretary-General
for the organization; confusion over agenda.
5. Non-Aligned Nations Conference, Colombo, 1976. Clippings: August,
1976. Summit meeting of 84 Foreign Ministers, and Russian attempts to
dominate the talks.
6. Nuclear Arms Threats: Magazine articles: 1976.
Section 4: United Nations
1. Charter of the United Nations, pamphlet, n.d. 48 pp. published in
London. The British Survey Vol 8: no.14, Sept, 1947. 16 pp; a
brief guide to its committees; countries and the UN committees to which
they belong. United Nations Information Organization Information Papers:
#6: International Trusteeship, #11. The General Assembly of the United
Nations, and the Assembly of the League of Nations, #12: Human Rights
2. United Nations. Clippings: 1945-1976 London Organization magazine
article; personalia; peacekeeping, etc.
3. The British Survey, 21 August 1945. Vol. 8: no. 16, 6 pp.
Contains UN Charter and background to its formation
4. General. Clippings: 1974-1976. Book review: League of Nations, the
future of UN, and problems within it; re-election of Kurt Waldheim as
UN Chief.
Section 5: Communist Satellite States
1. European Communism: General. Clippings: 1969-1976. Typescript: Problems
on Stage a conference in Moscow on world communism; typescript:
Communisms Catholic Front; European Revolution
in Red Weekly; plans for a 1971 European Communist conference;
role of Russia in other states; variety of win/lose situations for satellite
states.
Section 6: Albania
1. History and General. Clippings: 1944-1976. Tiranas Liberation;
Albania Cinderella of the Balkans; typescript, Albania
on the Alert; strategic role of Albania; murder of priests; development
of a new constitution; gender equality.
2. Conflict with Great Britain. Clippings: 1946, 1973. Shelling and
mining, e.g., of British warships; severed diplomatic relationships.
3. Government 1964, 1965: Documents: 1963-1965. Soviet and satellite
party-government line-up, to June 1963; all Politburo members, Secretariat,
nominal head of state; Chairman of Peoples Assembly, and Government
Ministers; 1964, 1965 updates; Albania: the Dual-Personality Cult
on the deification of Hoxha and Shehu.
4. Government 1966, 1970: 1966, 1970 RFE Research Papers updates the
lists.
5. Purges. Clippings: 1964-1977. Re-Stalinization of Albania to keep
it in line with Chinese Communism and away from revisionist ideas in
Russia; short typescript lists names; Albanias attempts to keep
Stalinist ideas unchanged.
6. China. Clippings: 1972-1978. Gradual disintegration of Albanias
close relationship to China; the effect of the death of Mao; Chinese
foreign aid to Albania.
Section 7: Bulgaria
1. General. Clippings: 1974-1976. Changes in ministerial council (Keesings
Contemporary History, 1974); low costs for tourists; gradual reopening
to the West; disgrace of Boris Velchev.
2. Government. Clippings: 1961-1965. Zhivkov; list of government members,
1963, 1964, 1965; the expulsion of deputy premier Chervenkov.
3. Government 1966, 1970. Lists of government members, as above.
4. Government 1971. Documents: 1971. Proceedings of the Bulgarian Communist
Partys Congress; alphabetical list of Politburo members (9 pp);
directives arising from Congress entitled The Bulgarian Sixth
Five-Year Plan 1971-1975(20 pp); Col. Gradinarov vs. Ali
Baba and Beautiful Eve: youth official discloses how lax parents, courts,
cripple the fight against moral decay.
5. Secret Service. New security chief named indirectly, in a reshuffling
in the Interior Ministry.
6. Purges, and Rehabilitation of Purge Victims. Clippings: 1964-1975.Kostov,
who was tried and executed in 1949, was rehabilitated to
a place of honour in 1963; Belated Purge describes the arrests
of 33 who participated in a failed plot against Zhivkov in 1963; government
sacked several high-level Ministers; country reported to be wiping out
its Macedonians.
Section 8: Czechoslovakia
1. History: Clippings: 1948-1973. Soviet takeover; the 1968 clamp-down;
history of oppression in the area; Typescript indicates political parties
name changes after 1945.
2. General: Clippings: 1969-1977. Typescript: Nuclear Power on
the Way concerning nuclear reactors; repressions, lack of freedoms
after 1968; election of Husák; failure of diplomatic efforts; ICJC Newsletter
report entitled Jews and Israel in Czechoslovak Politics
1977
3. Communist Party. General: Documents, 1969, 1971. Typescripts: Exodus
From the Party, Lubomir Strougal: A Profile, Where
Are They Now?, The Outcasts, and Rehabilitation Slowdown;
a Czechoslovak Press Survey with a new oath of loyalty; a report on
the Slovak Communist Party Congress: Personnel Reshuffle.
4. Government. Documents:1963-1965. Communist Party Presidium, Secretariat,
Party Control, State, and Ministers of the Government; members of the
Slovak Communist Party in its divisions.
5. Government, 1966. A list of governing Communist Party members as
above is given; paper: Czechoslovakia: the Balancing Act.
6. Government, 1970, 1971: List of government members of the Communist
Party.
7. Masaryk. Clippings: 1968-1975. Speculation over whether Jan Masaryks
death in 1948 was suicide or murder.
8. Purges in 1950s, Slansky trial. Clippings: 1969-1970. The show trial
of Ruda Slansky, and his subsequent hanging.
9. Clippings: 1952. Purge of Communist leaders: Slansky, Clemantis,
Katz; the trials of 14 former leaders; booklet: Benson, P. Unknown
Country The Story of Czechoslovakia. Note on back says, Czechoslovakia
will be free again..
10. Rehabilitation of Purge Victims. Clippings: 1964-1965.
11. 1967. Clippings: 1967-1968. Writers Revolt. Mnacko and The
Taste of Power; also Vaculik, Liehm, and Klima, all expelled from the
Communist Party, and then reinstated; Havel mentioned briefly in a review
of the early stages of the Prague Spring.
12. Security Police. Clippings: 1968, 1976. Dubceks plan to get
rid of the secret police; press conference at the Czech Embassy in London.
Box 52
1. Clippings: January-July, 1968. Deposition of Pres. Novotny and initial
changes (Spring, 1968);Novotny forced to resign from Party leadership,
replaced by Dubcek.
2.. Clippings: March-June, 1968.Changes after Novotnys removal;
Dubcek liberalization, and Soviet threats.
3. Soviet Invasion, August 1968, and subsequent developments. Clippings:
July-October, 1968. Attempts by Russia to silence the Czech Spring,
using tanks and words; when the words were ineffective, the tanks moved
in, and the leaders arrested.
4. Reaction: Dubceks removal. Clippings: September 1968-July,
1969. New Opposition; threats in the press; Dubceks achievements;
continuing conservatism.
5. 1968 Aftermath of Russian Invasion. Clippings: 1969-1978. Czech resentment;
Russian tactics through the years; readers reminded of the 10th anniversary
of the Russian invasion; British editorials offer opinions.
6. Dubceks protest against KGB in 1974/5. A smuggled letter by
Dubcek, published by the Observer 13 April, 1975; the riposte
from Moscow.
7. Trials for subversion. Clippings: 1971 -1977. Trials held in Prague
8. Charter 77 Human Rights Manifesto. Clippings: Jan, 1977-Nov.
1978. Smuggled document denounced the suppression of human rights in
Czechoslovakia. Signed by 240 scholars, writers and former politicians;
reaction from the Communist government; assertions of opposition from
members of the intellectual community. Among those arrested: Havel,
Kohout, Jiri Hajek, Vaculik, Patocka; demands from Greek Catholics for
a return of their church under Dubcek; report of death of two technicians
in a nuclear power plant accident.
Section 2: Hungary
1. History and General. Clippings: 1943-1978. British Survey,
1943: Vol 5(5): 25-28; Hungarian governments, attitudes until the death
of Imre Nagy in 1978.
2. 1956 Revolution. Clippings: 1957-1976. Significant anniversaries
of the uprising; some cause-and-effect information; book reviews on
the revolution.
3. Government. Documents: June1963-June1965. Members of the Hungarian
Socialist Workers Party in Government Office to the Ministerial
level.
4. Government, Typescript: 1966. Members of the Hungarian Socialist
Workers Party in Government Office to the Ministerial level.
5. Rehabilitation of Purge Victims. Clippings: 1956-1969. Rehabilitation
of Laszlo Rajk, executed on trumped-up charges in 1949; others, including
Cardinal Mindszenty and Archbishop Grosz, rehabilitated
in 1961-1962, along with many unnamed.
6. Anti-Communist Opposition: Clipping: 1951. Anti-Soviet sports book;
subversion trial of 12 Hungarian Roman Catholics, charged with wanting
to restore property to the people, and the former church lands to the
church, thereby creating a Christian republic.
7. Janos Kadar. Clippings 1964-1975. Descriptions of Kadars approach
to governing; his reappointment; the nature of his #2, Kallai.
8. Cardinal Mindszenty. Clippings: 1971-1975. Advertising booklet for
1975 version of Cardinal Mindszenty: Memoirs, his story in serial
form; book reviews of the Memoirs.
9. Spies in Britain. Clippings: 1971-1974. Letter from F. Rubin to Cookridge
offering him a case-study report for his information; summary of one
case; Cookridges reply. See also Series 3: Correspondence.
Section 3: Poland
1. History and General. Clippings: 1969-1978. The resentment of Polish
intellectuals and students of the Soviet-style regime; gradual loosening
of ties to Russia; names of opposition groups.
2. Government lists 1963-1971 (not included: 1967-1969). Communist Party
members in the Government, to the level of Minister; Gomulka; the remnant
of the Peasants Party; a situation report; the political fate of Jozef
Cyrankiewicz; government changes; the replacement of Gomulka by Gierek;
Polish-West German Treaty signing.
3. Military. Typescripts, May, 1969, March 1971. Enrolling students
in the militia; changes in the Ministry of National Defense.
4. Economy. Typescript: 1970-1971. Polands Maritime Industry,
22 pages; Personnel Changes at Sejm Session: Revised economic
plans discussed.
5. British Secret Service (SIS) on Sikorski (1939-1945) and Hochhuths
play alleging Sikorskis murder; clippings argue the myths of the
play, and the possibility that the Sikorski plane crash had genuinely
not been an accident; libel proceedings found Hochhuth guilty on all
counts.
6a, b. Sikorski. Dr. Thornes case (1970). Voluminous correspondence
(photocopies) with Cookridge over Dr. Thornes belief that Sikorski
was murdered; his lawsuits over the publication of the play by British
publishers; correspondence about a possible connection between Sikorski
and Kim Philby. He regarded the pilot of the doomed Liberator aircraft
who survived as a murderer; tried to make a deposition to a California
court to have the pilot questioned. A long essay, part of a longer document,
blames the peerage for everything that is wrong in British society.
See also Box 21, File 40.
7. State Security. Clipping: 1968. Major-General Moczar Man on
the Way; endangerment of Polish Jews in an anti-Zionist campaign.
8. Military Intelligence. 1963 scrap of paper, part typescript, part
Cookridges handwriting, naming members of the neo-Stalinist leaders
of Polish Intelligence.
9. Rehabilitation of Purge Victims. Typescript: 1964. All victims were
rehabilitated in 1955-57. Some regained power, others left politics,
but all were compensated.
10. Opposition and Purges, 1967-1968. Clippings: 1968-1969. Student
and other riots in Warsaw brutally suppressed; accusation of Polish
writers as inciting the troubles; the Gomulka regime itself later was
accused by the students of fomenting the riots.
11. Katyn Massacre and Memorial. Clippings: 1974-1976. Controversy over
the placement of a memorial to Polish soldiers executed in 1940.
12. Food Riots: Newspaper clippings: 1968-70, 1976. Two sets of riots
resulting from large price increases in food and fuel; 1970 poor harvest,
but the government paid standard rates for the crops, so that the farmers
made little money; the government then raised prices because of short
supply; others feared that the prices had deliberately been raised to
reduce Christmas celebrations; later riots because of broader economic
difficulties.
13. Great Britain. Clippings: 1945-1975. Early reports of Polish immigrants
joining British Unions; Poles in Britain (in Polish, 1945); permanent
Polish immigration to Britain as a result of World War II; the death
of Countess Lubienska seen as an unsolved murder; Hubal movie; the 1969
Polish Airmens Week Review.
Section 4: Rumania
1. General. Clippings: 1952-1978. General situation reports; economy;
official visits, etc.
2. Government 1963-1966. Lists of Communist Party leaders in the government
down to ministerial level for 1963-1966; mimeograph Rumania: the
New Course about Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej, the president and party
leader.
3. Government 1967, 1970, 1971, 1975. Communist Party Government members
lists, 1970-91, tear-sheet from Keesings Contemporary Archives,
1975; Radio Free Europe Research mimeographs (photocopies) Ceausescu
calls for Greater Party Control over Security, and Situation
Report: Reorganization of the Ministry of the Interior, 1967.
4. Repercussions of Czech Crisis, 1968. Clipping: 1968. Desire of Rumania
for a friendship treaty because of their support for Dubcek.
5. Relations with the Soviet Union: Rumania as Dissident. Clippings:
1974-1978. Annoyances for Russia because of an unhappy satellite.
6. Communist Leaders: Ana Rabinsohn Pauker. Clipping: 1948. Her activities
as Foreign Minister in Rumania; her passion for Stalinist Communism.
7. Security Service Head: Alexander Draghici (removed 1968). Clipping:
1968. His departure.
8. Nicolae Ceausescu. Clippings: 1973-1978. Considered a rebel; his
foreign visits; attempts to establish contacts with other Socialists.
Section 5: Yugoslavia
1. General. Clippings: 1946-1974. Marshal Tito changing Communisms
approach in the country; commercial radio; abolition of illiteracy;
revision of governmental organization; role in the Mediterranean and
Middle East, talks with Ceausescu; position with respect to Russia;
as diplomat.
2. General, Clippings: 1975-1978. The aging Tito; speculation about
what happens after Tito dies; increasing capitalism in the country;
international relations with Western countries; freedom of speech; western
aid; disappearance of Jovanka Broz, Mrs. Tito; stirrings
of dissent over Macedonia.
3. Government. Typescripts: 1963, 1964, 1966. Members of the Communist
League in Governments to the level of Chairmen of various Commissions
of the FEC.
4. Control of Government. Clippings: 1967-1978. Tito tries to prepare
the government for his departure; dealing with opposition.
5. Purges: Milovan Djilas: an author arrested for his writing.
6. Repercussions of the Czech Crisis (1968). Clippings: 1968. Friendship
strengthened before the Russian invasion; afterward Tito and Ceausescu
held secret talks and cancelled leave for their soldiers; a Belgrade
review of Arthur Londons The Confession, panned in Moscow,
but regarded in Yugoslavia as a valuable contribution
against
Stalinism.
7. Espionage. Albania accused Yugoslavia of aiding western espionage
against Albania; in Yugoslavia, a spy organization inside the Foreign
Office was directed against Marshal Tito by a rival, Alexander Rankovich.
8. Security Service. Clippings: 1966, 1972. Continuation of Rankovich
expulsion; security force later headed by Ivan Mishkovich.
9. Tito: Struggle with Russia. Clippings: 1953-1966. Revising the Communist
Party in Yugoslavia pitted Tito against Stalinism.
10. Repression. Clippings: 1969-1978. Arrests and trials of opponents
of Tito and the Yugoslav regime, including liberalizing ideas from within
the country
11. Yugoslavian-Soviet Union relations. Clippings: 1956-1978. Titos
early proclamation of allowing Yugoslavia to achieve socialism via a
different road was a gamble for the USSR; seesaw relationship over the
next 20 years as Yugoslavia alternately supported and defied Russia.
12. Post-Tito Succession. Clippings: 1970-1976. Debate over the merits
of collective vs. individual leadership of Yugoslavia as Tito aged.
Section 6: North Korea
1. Korean War, and Postwar General Issues. Clippings: 1950-1976. North
Koreas part in the Korean War; inside Pyongyang; the rhetoric;
mythology of Kim Il Sung; decreasing contact with the outside world.
2. Government. Typescript: 1966. Korean Workers Party; persons
in charge right down to the Chairs of the news media.
3. North Korean Diplomats, and Smuggling, Drugs. Clippings: 1976. The
entire diplomatic staff of the North Korean Embassy expelled from Denmark,
charged with smuggling tobacco, liquor, and drugs; the problem found
in all North Korean embassies in Scandinavia.
Section 7: North Vietnam
1. Conflicts. Clippings: 1955-1977. From war in French Indo-China to
Communist takeover of South Vietnam; political issues and repressions.
2. Ho Chi Minh: Clippings: 1954-1969. Published manuscript by Cookridge:
The Red Dragon of Indo-China (see also Box 19: File 3);
profiles of Ho as person and leader.
3. Government. Typescript: 1966. List of Vietnamese Workers (Lao
Dong) Party to Ministerial Level, including the heads of standing committees.
4. Indo-China: Viet-Nam, Viet-Minh, Laos, Cambodia. Clippings: 1950-1976.
Decline of France in the area; Prince Sihanouk; article on Cambodia.
Box 53
USSR
Section 1: Communism
1. Ideology. Clippings: 1966-1976. Basic understanding of the philosophy
of Communism, from both Communist and Western perspectives; book review
on Karl Marx.
2. COMINTERN, COMINFORM. Clippings: 1947-1968. The ideological arms
of the Russian Communist Party in action as it moved into a fractured
postwar Europe.
3. Leaders in Europe: Clippings: 1946-1976. Communist leaders: Thorez,
Gomulka, Ana Pauker, Engels, Marx; general profile of a Communist leader;
East European Trials: a) Threads in the pattern of Communist power,
and b) Motives of the war against heresy
4.Radio Free Europe Research mimeographs: New Light on the 1960
Conference: Albanians Break Secrecy Pack; Western
CPS London Conference, 15 January 1971
5. The Church in Communist Countries. Three incomplete mimeographs,
1968.The Dubcek government in Czechoslovakia relents toward the Greek
Catholic church; essay against the Adventist and Methodist churches
; Communisms Catholic Front. Copies of the first two
essays in Box 52, Section 1, File 8; Section 4, File 1; comment by Cookridge
on back of Czech essay regarding the evident popularity of Heydrich
in Czechoslovakia, in contrast with the comments of another author.
Copy in Box 6B, File 12.
6. Press in Communist Countries: The Press of East Europe,
mimeograph
7. Youth in Communist countries: Page 1 is missing, page 2 begins Communisms
Lost Teenagers, mimeograph
8. South America. Clippings: 1951-1952. Victor Manuel Gutierrez in Guatemala;
Communists in the Brazilian Army; efforts of Carlos Lacerda in Brazil
to name well-documented Communists in the Brazilian government.
9. Peace Congresses. Clippings:1930s-1952. The Very Rev. Hewlett Johnson
(the Red Dean): travels in Eastern Europe, adulation of
Communism; attempt to discredit the International Red Cross in Switzerland;
Communist petitions, signed by millions, begging for peace, with no
details; Russian pamphlets advertising Peace
10. Counter-measures. Clipping: June, 1947. J. Edgar Hoover on the subject
of the influence of Communism on America, including 10 Donts when
dealing with Communists.
11. European Communism. Clipping: 1975.
Section 2: Soviet Union
1. Tsarist Russia: History. Book reviews: 1968-1976.
2. Revolution 1917: Celebrations, 1967. Clippings: 1959-1977. Retrospective
articles; obits for Kerensky, Margaret Barber (Robertnova).
3. Russian Revolutions. Clippings: 1967, 1975. Prince Lvov.
4. Tibor Szamuely. Clipping: 1968. The (1953) death of Stalin.
5. Asiatic Territories. Clippings: 1942-1967.Booklet: Connolly, V. (1942)
Soviet Asia. Oxford Pamphlets on World Affairs #62. Published
by Oxford University Press. 32 pp plus maps.
6. Russia, General. Clippings: 1974-1978. Contemporary Russia: African
students; cemeteries; alcoholism; the economy.
7.: British Detainees: Clippings: 1977-1978. Andriy Klymchuk, J. Zajaz;
Donald Parkins, Lawrence Donoghue, Andrew Burgess, Leslie Kennet, Michael
Wilson.
8. Georgia. Clippings: 1973-1978. Unrest, bombings in Georgia; potential
secession of the Abkhazy region.
9. Restrictions on Journalists. Clippings: 1969-1978. Journalists at
first expelled; KGB and the battle of the underground newspapers; promises
of journalistic freedom, followed by arrests and fines; Radio Free Europe
Research, Ukrainskij Visnyk, 12 May 1971, mimeograph re
an underground bulletin showing violations of free speech, other freedoms,
trials, etc.
10. General. Clippings: 1969-1979. Soviet economy; food shortages; arrests
and executions of dissidents and criminals; book reviews; philosophical
perspectives on the Russian soul; possible plane crash.
11. Satellites used for spying. Clippings 1978. Debris of defunct satellite
with nuclear fuel reported in atmosphere; Russian spy satellite missing.
12. World War II. Clippings: 1969-1975. Book reviews: Leningrad/the
Eastern Front; controversial correspondence: a letter from Lord Wigg.
13. Life in the Soviet Union. Clippings: 1969-1975. Range of topics,
e.g. the cost of a passport for the West; an improvement in wedding
registry offices; the fate of people who dared to speak their minds;
Queen Margrethes visit to Moscow.
14. Andrey Gromyko. Clippings: 1946-1976. Ambassador to the US at 35,
and finally a Foreign Minister.
Section 3: U.S.S.R.: Government and Party
Soviet Union:
1. Supreme Soviet. Clippings: 1945-1970. Elections to Supreme Soviet;
comparison of popularity of Politbureau members; significance
of changes in elected personnel.
2. Administrative Structure.:The Administrative Structure of the
Soviet-Union: four sections: The USSR; the Autonomous SSR; the
Autonomous republics, regions and provinces; the districts. Mimeograph.
3. Constitutional Revision (1977). Clippings: 1977-1978. New restrictions
on individual citizens freedoms; citizenship not a right; text
for a new national anthem.
4. Government: Malenkov. Clippings: early 1950s-1956. Malenkov: within
the Presidium, his attributes, his career, his downfall to Khrushchev.
5. Government from Stalin to Khrushchev: Bulganin. Clippings: 1954-1958.
Bulganin vs. Khrushchev; censorship of journalists; Zhukov; the Presidium:
whos in, whos out.
6. Diplomats. Obituary 1975: Ivan Maisky, Ambassador to Britain before
and during WW II.
7. Communist Party, General Committee Secretaries, Politbureau. Clippings:
1945-1974. End-of-War reports and concerns about Russia; 19th Congress
(1952); dissidence; note by Cookridge on numbers in various Communist
organizations; outline of Communist Party members in Politbureau 1965,
1966; rumours of Kosygins retirement; personnel changes on the
eve of the 24th Party Congress; removal of Ekaterina Furtseva from the
Politbureau.
8. Government: neo-Stalinism. Clippings: 1968-1969. Failure of justice
and proper procedure in Moscow; the heirs of Stalin; the isolation of
intellectuals.
9.Radio Free Europe Research, Pre-Congress Survey 26 March
1971, re the 24th Congress, mimeograph.
10. 25th Congress. Clippings: 1975-1976. Problems facing the Soviet
regime at the Congress; other European Communists; economic disasters;
ageing leadership; 1975 list of Council of Ministers.
11. Government: Khrushchev. Clippings: 1956-1964. Communist Party leadership
under Khrushchev; personality, biographical tidbits, partying, anti-Stalinist
rhetoric by Khrushchev; text of resolution passed by the 20th Party
Congress.
12. Government after Khrushchev, Kosygin, Brezhnev, October 14, 1964.
Empty envelope.
13. False Imprisonment. Clipping: 1975. Book review: Alexander Dolguns
Story.
14. Détente Plans. Clippings: July, 1974-January 1975. Nixons
arms limitation talks; partial ban on underground nuclear tests.
Section 4: Soviet Leaders
1. Stalin Intimate Details: wives, children. Empty envelope.
2. Stalin (as government leader). Clippings: 1973-1978, How Stalin
Duped the Intellectuals; book reviews: Stalin as a person, as
a cruel dictator; 1978 account of documentary film about Stalin; early
printed image.
3. Stalin after his death. Clippings: 1973-1978. Legacy of violence;
prison camps; psychiatric hospitals; as warlord; in later
encyclopedias; his sentimental rehabilitation; his political genius
but intellectual arrogance.
4. Svetlana Stalin. Clippings: 1967-1977. Stalins daughter; fled
in 1967 amidst publicity; sojourn in Switzerland; revocation of Soviet
citizenship; living in the USA in 1977. See also Box 64, Section 5,
Envelope 9
5. General features. Clippings: 1944-1975. the Presidium after World
War II; the future of Finland; obit for Andrei Zhdanov; Stalin and the
Korean War ; execution of Beria; denunciation of Malenkov, Kaganovich
and Molotov; heir-apparent to Khrushchev, and illness of Kozlov; reaction
of Soviet leadership to Czechoslovakia; a British comparison of what
might have happened under Stalin; obits for Bulganin and Maisky.
6. Miscellaneous. Clippings: 1971-1978. Discrediting of people; obits
of former leaders; speculation about future leaders; Ekaterian Furtseva
sacked from the Politburo in July, and died in October; Obits of Bulganin,
Andreyev, Aristov, Shtemenko, Yakubowsky, Kulakov; appointments to various
positions of Tereshkova, Kuznetsov, Vorobyov.
7. Kosygin. Clippings 1971-1976. Assassination attempts; erroneous reports
of serious illness.
8. Brezhnev. Clippings: 1971-1978. Personal comments: his health, his
successor, not his policies.
9. Grechko, Minister of Defense. Clippings: 1969-1976. Rival for Brezhnevs
power; military as top priority, therefore in conflict with the civilian
leadership; d. 1976.
10. Lenin. Clippings: 1956-1976. The person: mistress, adventures, death.
11. Khrushchev. Clippings: 1970-1977. A personal odyssey; book reviews;
obits; his grave marker.
12. Maxim Litvinov, Stalins Foreign Secretary. Clippings: 1945-1977.
Married an Englishwoman in 1917; his career; reflective article on his
100th birthday, by his widow in 1976; her obit in 1977.
13. Malenkov. Clippings: 1950-1968. The death of Stalin; what was known
about his successor; subsequent weakness in the Soviet Union; Malenkovs
return to Moscow after his expulsion from the Politburo.
14. Malik, Ambassador to the UN. Clippings: 1950-1976. Performance as
1950 President of the Security Council; an automobile accident.
15. Mikoyan, Deputy Prime Minister. Clippings: 1954-1978. Expertise
in trade; love of the collective process; obit and private burial beside
Stalin.
16. Molotov, Soviet Foreign Minister from Stalin to Khrushchev. Clippings:
mid-1940s-1961. Visits to Britain; activities; denunciation and removal
from the Communist Party.
17. Podgorny, President of the Soviet Union. Clippings: 1974-1977. Re-election;
travels; eclipse; probable successor.
18. Shepilov, Foreign Minister after Molotov. Clippings: 1956. Profiles.
19. Gusev, Soviet Ambassador to London 1943-1946. Clippings: 1946.
20. Vishinski, Vice-Commissar under Stalin, UN second-in-command. Clippings:
1946, 1974. Profile; his daughter Zina; criticism.
Box 54
Section 1: Opposition
USSR:
1. Human Rights, Restrictions, other Restrictions on Monitoring Agreements.
Clippings: 1968-1978. The trials of dissidents; Amnesty Internationals
complaints; jailing of monitors of the Helsinki Human Rights agreement;
governments opposition to liberty.
2. Psychiatric Abuses. Clippings: 1970-1978. Incarceration of Olga Ioffe
because of anti-Soviet agitation; Sakharov; Leonid Plyushch;
Natalia Gorbanevskaya; book reviews on the hospitals.
3. Dissidents: General. Clippings: 1968-1972. Book reviews; newspaper
series; reports of crackdowns; problems of dissident publishing within
the USSR, including Solzhenitsyn.
4. Dissidents: General. Clippings: 1973-1978. Other nations protesting
treatment of dissidents; evaluation of achievements through protest;
harassment of Valery Panov by KGB; review of Kuznetsovs diaries;
interference with communications among scientists; threats to exiles
families, religion.
5. Jewish Emigration and Dissidents. Clippings: 1969-1972. Discussions
on whether and how to get out of Russia; the role of Israel; show trials
in Leningrad, Kishinev, and Odessa brain-drain tax; ransom
demands to US Jews from Soviet to allow Russian Jews to emigrate.
6. Jewish Emigration and Dissidents. Clippings: 1973-1974. Pressure
on Jewish scholars inside Russia; use of Jewish dissidents as pawns
in international dealings; some freeing of Jewish activists, release
of Silva Zalmanson; appeals to Podgorny to let Jewish emigrants go,
and agreements with the USA.
7. Jewish Emigrants and Dissidents. Clippings: 1975-1978. Continuing
Soviet trials of Jewish dissidents, KGB arrests; tendency of emigrants
to leave with Israeli visas, and then to head for the USA; more evidence
for mistreatment of dissidents.
8. Dissidents: Actions in the West and on non-USSR citizens. Clippings:
1968-1978. Variety of visitors being expelled from Russia.
9. Dissidents: Tatars. Clippings: 1969-1978. Attempts by KGB and Soviet
to displace Tatars from their original homeland in the Crimea.
10. Dissidents: Amalrik. Clippings 1969-1976. Author and analyst, Amalrik
was allowed unprecedented freedom to report on the Soviet system; existence
of a free underground newspaper; his arrest and presumed show trial;
his expulsion from Moscow; detention by KGB as one of the best-known
dissidents; permitted to emigrate as a Jew; arrival in Holland a few
days later.
11. Dissidents: Bukovsky. Clippings 1974-1978. Informed the west of
treatment of dissidents; arrested, exiled from Russia; interviewed in
Britain; serialized autobiography.
12. Dissidents: Gen. Pyotr Grigorenko. Clippings: 1968-1974. Protested
Russian injustice, was sacked, then arrested; put into mental hospital
for 6 years; released in 1974 at the age of 67.
13. Dissidents: Medvedev and Tumerman. Clippings: 1973-1977. Medvedev
went to Britain; Tumerman emigrated to Israel; both reported the Blagoveshensk
nuclear disaster which killed unknown numbers of Russians; both claimed
carelessness about safety precautions, and resulting unreported explosion
in a pile of nuclear waste; Medvedev reported rocket accident killing
everyone near the launch pad; controversy over Solzhenitsyns attitude.
14. Dissidents: Sakharov. Clippings: 1972-1975. Sakharov brought cases
of dissidents to attention of West despite government harassment; challenges
to the KGB; his hunger strike of 1975; won the Nobel Peace Prize in
1975, but was not allowed to leave Russia to accept it.
15. Dissidents: Solzhenitsyn. Clippings: 1970-1976. Profiles; active
dissent with Soviet KGB, tactics; participation of Russia in WW I, and
his contention; threats to his life and constant harassment; his defiance
and threats; Soviet reaction to The Gulag Archipelago; his arrest
Feb 13, 1974 and ejection from Russia Feb 14, 1974; book reviews; moved
to US in 1976.
16. Opposition Writers Trials. Clippings 1967-1968; Amelrik (1970).
17. Dissidents: Shcharansky, Ginsburg Trials. Clippings: 1976-1978.
Shcharansky tried for treason, Ginsburg for agitation; sentence:
8 years in prison for Ginsburg, and 3 years of prison and then 10 years
of hard labour for Shcharansky; plan to trade Shcharansky for two Soviet
personnel being ejected from the USA.
18. Dissidents: Pyotr Yakir and Victor Krasin. Clippings 1969-1977.
Yakir appealed to the UN for help for human rights; his arrest; show
trial; role of The Chronicle of Current Events, an underground
journal of which they were the supposed authors; three years of detention
for both, followed by three years exile; commutation and reduction of
sentence one month later, on appeal; eleven members of Yakir family
obliterated by the Soviets since 1937.
19. Repercussions of Czech Crisis. Clippings: May to September, 1968.
Some before the Russians went into Czechoslovakia; reflections on Soviet
handling of other rebellions; consequences of essential Russian failure
to control the country.
20. Opposition in Ukraine. Clippings: 1968, 1972, 1977. Moscows
gradual Russification, cultural genocide, using loss of
the language as a method of control; KGB invasion to stop underground
paper; marriage between a Ukrainian student and a Nigerian student;
reaction of Czech authorities.
21. Opposition: firing at Leaders. Clippings: 1969. Drive-by shooting
attempt on Russian leaders during parade of returned astronauts; various
articles.
Section 2: Soviet Military
1. Military Leaders, Marshals, Generals, etc. Clippings: 1942-1975.
Profiles; lists; obits of a variety of officials.
2. Army Leaders: Zhukov. Clippings: 1944-1974. Profiles; activities;
speculations, obit.
3. Military: General. Clippings: 1968-1978. Budgets; equipment; proposed
treaties.
4. Red Army. Clippings: 1969-1978. Organization; recruitment; activities;
perceptions.
5. Navy. Clippings: 1967-1974. Equipment; armaments; refits; perceptions;
intelligence activities.
6. Air Force. Clippings: 1951-1978. Description of WW II aircraft; views
of non-Soviet countries on USSR air power, actions.
7. Missiles and Space. Clippings: 1953-1977. Rocket bases, range; loss
of satellite; preparations for space war; possible unadmitted loss of
cosmonaut.
8. Military Aid. Clippings: 1974-1978. Interference in South America.
9. Warsaw Pact: General Shtemenko, Gen. Batov. Clippings 1968. Invasion
of Czechoslovakia; political appointees, etc.
10. Logos. Lenin; USSR (both in Cyrillic)
Section 3: USSR Economy, Science
1. Economics. Clippings: early 1950s-1975. Five Year Plans; gold reserves;
harvests; labour shortages; trade unions in Russia; buying grain in
the USA, book reviews; polar occupation and activity.
2. Science, Technological Progress. Clippings: ca.1935-1978. Peter Kaptizas
failure to return to Cambridge; Russian science catching up with the
West: incredulity in Britain; science education in Russia; Russian hydrofoils
as British ferries; politics in Soviet science; underground university
in Moscow.
Section 4: Justice, Police, etc.
USSR:
1. Justice, Law Administration, Courts. Clippings: 1962-1978. Communist
view of Justice; penalties for economic crimes; political prisoners
in the USSR: their fates; restalinization of the courts;
execution by firing squad of Nazi collaborators 30 years later.
2. Prisoners and Labour Camps. Clippings: 1954-1964. Inside labour camps;
open prisons in the USSR.
3. Terror in Latvia, Estonia, Lithuania Clippings: 1951, 1978. Consequences
of Stalins drive to Russify these peoples; an arrest.
Section 5: USSR Social Conditions, Press, Education, Sport
1. Press: Pravda, Izvestya, etc. Clipping:
1962. Newspapers as state organs.
2. Sport. Clippings: 1945-1946. Sports in general in Russia.
3. The People Clippings: ca. 1950-1974. Art in the Hermitage;
underemployment; the mind-set of Russians; normal life; Intourist and
restaurants; the role of women; slow changes; TV programs. (See also
Box 53, Section 2, File 13: Life in the Soviet Union).
4. Social Conditions. Clippings: 1945-1971. Everyday conditions; crime
and punishment; etiquette; attitude changes; wage levels, and poverty;
1970 census figures, and an analysis of them; the importance of narcotics.
Section 6: Foreign Policy: Middle East, China, etc.
USSR:
1. Foreign Relations General. Clippings: 1962-1975. Consequences
of Kennedys ordering Kremlin out of Cuba; treatment of Soviet
Premier; consequences of Nixon visit to Moscow; Brezhnev as diplomat;
Communists in Western Europe; Russia and Watergate; border disputes
with China; détente; George Chapell: attempts at extradition by Russia.
2. Foreign Relations: General. Clippings: 1976-1978. Interference in
Angola; the enemies of detente and other Soviet protests;
right-wing American article about Olympics; Ponomarevs visit to
Britain; involvement in South America, Far East, Middle East, Somalia,
the Kuril Islands; targeting multinational businesses; spying on an
ice island in the Arctic; rifts with Euro-Communists; book reviews;
arrest by KGB of Jay Crawford on currency charges.
3. Relations with China. Clippings: 1956-1975. Border issues; attempted
kidnapping; Kremlin views of China; threats of nuclear war, and posturing
by both Moscow and Mao; 1969 war between Russia and China;
expulsions of Soviet diplomats from Peking (Beijing); arguments over
border issues; troop buildups on frontier;
4. Foreign Policy, Cold War. Clipping: 1946, 1977. Arms reduction; Soviet
News #1398, 1946: interview with Stalin, and arms buildup.
5. Policy in Far East. Clippings: 1945-1946. End-of-War perspectives
on the potential relationship between the Soviets and Japan.
6. Communism: in Asia (India, Burma, Philippines, Indonesia, etc). Clippings:
1949-1975. Moscows possible allies in Far East; resistance to
purchase of Soviet arms; base in Singapore.
7. Policy in Middle East. Clippings: 1945-1946. Maps: trans-Caucasian
SSR republics, Poland, Czechoslovakia; Russia and the Moslem world;
diplomatic efforts after the war.
Box 55
USSR: KGB, GRU. Agents and Methods
Section 1: Russian-Soviet Intelligence Services.
1. Secret Service in World War I, in Tsarist Russia. Clippings: 1968-1972.Book
reviews; article: The Russian Secret Service in the First World
War.
2. Reference Material (Cookridge): notes, booklists, undated; handwritten
notes, lists of people and material available for study either in Germany
or in Britain; the Rumanian James Bond.
3. Soviet Spies: Ideology. Clippings 1956-1961. Cookridge draft typescript
on 5th Column;. trial of the Krogers; Communist ideology; book reviews;
article by Bertrand Russell.
Section 2: Organization
Soviet Spies:
1. KGB: Clippings: 1967.The Espionage Establishment by David
Wise and Thomas B. Ross serialized in Saturday Evening Post,
October 1967
2. Cheka Index (Zapinski). Clipping: undated (?1955). Petrov case in
Australia; MVD ideology where the spies are spied on by their own country.
3. KGB Finance. Clipping, 1966. The opening of Wochod Handelsbank in
Zurich: concerns, mandate of the bank, probable use.
4. General. Clippings: 1964-1978. Satellite spies; trawlers, etc off
the coast of Britain; American spy satellite; local concerns; Ponomarev
as subversion man; spy tunnels under embassies; attempts
to retain British citizen Sharygin in Russia, and his release; proposed
UN officer identified as Soviet spy.
Note: For numbers 5 to 29, the original numbers appear in parentheses.
5. (01) General. Clippings: ca 1965-1978. Organization chart of the
NKVD; short history of the security police (KGB); effect of Greville
Wynnes trial on KGB practices; Reviews of Die rote Inquisition;
the promotion of P.I. Ivashutin as General of the Army, a presumed KGB
post; book review of The Uses of Terror
; Ponoramev
as the person who issues takeover blueprints for Communists
attempting to take over Western countries.
6. (01A) Cheka to KGB; Own articles, etc. Typescript for One Service;
Many Names draft ms by Cookridge (n.d.); copy of NKVD organizational
chart; hand-typed chart of dates, changes in the secret service system,
and bosses.
7. Typescript, copyright by La Page Internationale (Paris) of M. K.
Chablets Through the NKVD. In English, 62-page carbon
copy.
8. (02) Cheka: Felix Edmondovich Dzershinsky (1917-1926). The evolution
of the secret police from Azef to Beria.
9. (03) Cheka; Vyacheslav Rudlofovich Menzhinsky (1926-10 May, 1934).
Clipping: 1953. Obit.
10. (04) Gugbez: NKVD; Genrik Grigoryevich Yagoda (May-July
1934, July 1936). Clipping: 1953. His being shot in 1938.
11. (05) Gugbez; Nicolai Ivanovich Yezhov (July 1936-1938).Clipping:
1953. Yezovchina Purges. He was fired in 1938 and never
heard of again.
12. (05A) Purge Trials in 1930s. Clippings: 1949-1968. Stalins
rage at the murder of Kirov and the subsequent purge/inquisition; false
confessions; wholesale slaughter and consignment to Siberia; some handwritten
notes by Cookridge.
13. (06A) Purges in 1952-1953, and Beria. Clippings, 1953. Arrest of
nine doctors on charges of murdering Gen. Zhdanov (who died of a heart
attack); five were Jews, so all accused of belonging to an International
Jewish organization; some said to be British agents; use of the
word hysterical in association with the accusations; the
trial of the doctors.
14. (06) Gugbez until 3/12/1941, then NKGB: Lavrenti Pavlovich Beria
(1938 -1953); Vsevolod Merkulov as Berias deputy, and March-November
1966 as Minister NKVD. Sergei Nicoforovich Kruglov as head of MGB March
1946. Clippings: 1953. The trial and execution of Beria in 1953; other
obits; book review: The Beria Papers.
15. (07) KGB: Sergey Nikoforovich Kruglov Clippings: 1953, 1956. Temporary
head after Berias death, then deputy to Serov until 1956.
16. (08) KGB. Ivan Alexandrovich Serov. Chairman KGB (27 April, 1954-1958).
Clippings: 1954-1963. 1956 Cookridge typescript, The Man who Sent
out Murder Gangs with Poisoned Bullets: will he be received at Windsor
Castle and Dine at Mansion House?; accused of betraying Nagy in
1956; sent millions of Balts, Poles and Ukrainians to gulags; arranged
security in Britain for Bulganin and Khrushchev; ousted from the KGB;
later removed from his military position.
17. (08A) KGB: Purges under Serov. Clipping: 1956.
18. (09) KGB: Alexander Nicolaievich Shelepin. Clippings 1964-1975.
Instrumental in overthrow of Khrushchev; headed the USSR trade unions;
was sent on diplomatic missions; maneuvered within the Kremlin; became
an embarrassment to non-Communist unionists in Britain; because regarded
as a killer, British visit was curtailed; lost his union job in Russia,
and political power.
19. KGB. Shelepins 1975 visit to Britain. Clippings: February
28-April 3, 1975. Was to have attended the TUC Congress, stayed only
48 hours, and was routed by protests; claimed these were carried out
by paid protesters.
20. (010) KGB. Vladimir Semichastney, Chairman KGB (1961-May 1967).
Clippings: 1961-1971. Appointment as KGB chief; disappearance from the
public in 1967; Deputy Premier of the Ukraine, but demoted in1971.
21. (010A) Rehabilitation of Purge victims under Kosygin. Clippings:
1964, 1968. Book review: The Chornovil Papers on the corruption
of the KGB.
22. (011) KGB. Yuri V. Andropov, Chairman KGB (19 May, 1967). Clippings:
1966-1976. List of Soviet Union Party Leaders; End of Komsomol
Rule in the KGB; Andropovs Promotion; concerns
of Czechs in 1968 after earlier putdown of rebellion in Hungary; return
to Stalinism under Andropov; award to him in 1976 as head of KGB.
23. KGB. Shelyepin Dismissed from Politburo 1975. Clippings: 17, 20
April, 1975. Ousted within three days of returning from Britains
TUC congress; opinion pieces.
24. (012) KGB. Alexander Semenov. Panyushkin, Administrative head of
KGB, former chief of INO (Foreign Department), assisted Shelepin, Semichastnry,
and Andropov, 1967. Clippings: 1947, 1967. Considered Russias
Master Spy; former Ambassador to the USA.
25. (013) KGB. Semyon Tsvigu, Head of Counterespionage Department, and
one of Deputy Chairmen of KGB (1968): Also, Deputy Chairmen Gen. Georgi
Tainev, and Gen Viktor Chebrikov (still, in 1971). Clippings, 1967,
1971.
26. (014) KGB. Co. Gen. Nicolai Zaharov (1967) Head of INO (Foreign
Dept) under Panyushkin and Andropov. Empty envelope.
27. ( 017) KGB. Department of Disinformation First Directorate,
Section D (1965). Head: Ivan Ivanovich Agayants (Avalov). Died May 1968.
Clippings: 1964-1968. Forgeries; undermining the credibility of agencies
like the CIA, etc.
28. (020) KGB. Heads of Departments. Clippings: 1954, 1969.
29. (025). Clippings: 1961-1971. Copy of Maggs: Der Nichtmilitärische
Geheimschutz nach Sowjetrecht, from Osteuropa-Recht Vol 3:
163-181, 1965; reports of increased Western spying in Moscow, development
of citizen police; control of travel and living space; tortures of prisoners;
interrogation of visitors.
30. Clippings, April, 1974. Barrow: KGB The Secret Work
of Soviet Agents.
31Agents in Aeroflot (1967), also working against NATO. Empty envelope.
32. Clippings: 1947, 1953. Prisons: Lubianka; interrogations; use of
drugs to induce confessions; torture; Typescript:Torture in a
Communist Prison: Remarkable Bulgarian Poem.
33. KGB. Prison camps Gulak (incl. Solzhenitsyns description).
Clippings: 1971-1976. [Cookridge notes: see also Dissidents in Soviet
Union with Solzhenitsyns full descriptions]; some serialization
of The Gulag Archipelago; book reviews; article: El
Archipelago Gulag, en color.
34. KGB. Soviet spy base in Portugal (under new government). Clipping:
June, 1975. How to seize power: a Kremlin publication aimed
at Western governments, with application to Portugal.
35. KGB. Border Troops. Clippings: 1973-1974. Border troops to keep
Russian citizens inside Russia, not for keeping the Chinese out of Russia;
border troops won an award for their success.
36. KGB. Psychiatric Treatment and Internment in Insane Asylums. Clippings:
1970 1975. See also this Box, Section 1, Envelope 33
37. KGB. Miscellaneous. Clippings: 1957-1978. Foreigners improperly
detained by KGB; advertisement for tell-all book about the
KGB; catalogue of publications from same press.
Section 3: Agents: Recruiting, Training, Treatment (Soviet Spies)
1. Recruiting: Informers and Fellow-travellers. Clippings: 1949-1964.
How friendliness and a little naiveté may result in recruitment to the
Communist cause.
2. Recruiting: Sources (Istochniki). Clippings: 1949, 1955.
3: Training. Spy Colleges (incl. Britain and the USA.) Clippings: 1955-1978.
Location of some spy schools; Montgomery M. Green, USNR article: Russias
Universities of Revolution; handwritten notes by Cookridge.
4. Training. Yafkas: Dead Letter Boxes. Envelope Empty.
5. Training. General. Clipping: 1956. Behaviour of agents and their
contacts.
6. Training for Africa. Clipping: 1964. Training in Cuba.
7. Training. Women Spies. Clippings: 1960, undated. Training school
in East Berlin; boarding school in Russia; Helga Wannenmacher (= Jelena
Puschkowa).
8. Miscellaneous. Clippings: 1975, 1978.
9. Norman Barrymaine. Clippings: 1961. How I Joined the Russian
Secret Service.
Section 4: Soviet Spies, Methods
1. Trap for Journalist Michael Connock. Clippings: 1969. Blackmail by
Polish Secret Service; warnings to businessmen about the dangers of
travelling in Communist countries.
2. Bugging of Australian Embassy in Moscow. Clippings: 1978.
3. Alleged radiation of US Embassy in Moscow (Bugging Rays).
Clippings: 1968-1978. American Ambassador, Walter Stoessel, diagnosed
with radiation poisoning; Soviets accused of using radiation to eavesdrop;
later admission that microwave radiation was used; no health damage
from microwaves; Russian complaints of harassment in the USA; prohibition
of a US military aircraft from landing in Russia to take Mr. Stoessel
back to the US for vacation and business; Stoessel moved by Pres. Ford
to Bonn as ambassador; cyanide and mercury fond in high quantities in
water in Moscow buildings occupied by US Embassy staff.
4. Blackmail. Clippings: 1962-1970. Michael Connock incident in Gdynia;
attempts to create conditions for blackmail. See also Box 55, Section
3, Envelope 1.
5. Death aboard Aeroflot planes. Clippings: 1975. KGB resentment at
police interference at Heathrow. The incident; reminder of earlier British
police boarding an Aeroflot plane to rescue a drugged graduate student
legally in Britain.
6. Diplomatic Moves with USA; Clipping: 1969. Intervention at Nixons
election, Vietnam, etc.: How Russian Intelligence upset the poll:
Why Nixon thought he might lose.
7.. Submarines and Naval. Clippings: 1956-1977. Russian naval vessels
shadowing NATO exercises; fishing vessels off Newfoundland; air reconnaissance
in the North Sea; intelligence-gathering trawlers.
8. Aerial and Satellite. Clippings: 1968-1976. Cookridges note
about satellite spying; interceptions of spy planes over Britain; spy
flight over NATO countries.
9. Penetration of Communications. Envelope empty.
10. Prisons for political prisoners. Descriptions of Potma. Clippings:
1968-1969. Hunger in the prison camps; proposed strike.
11. Kidnapping. Clippings: 1954-1975, and undated. Incidents involving
KGB and various victims, e.g. an American working at the US embassy;
Alexander Dolgun; KGB kidnap of Soviet sailors in USA after they had
asked for asylum; question to the Home Secretary re: a refugee being
pursued by Russians across Britain.
12. Kidnappings: Clipping: 1968. Naturalized London salesman Scharegin
vanished on a business trip to Moscow; former member of the Red Army,
held in Russia because he had been a soldier.
13. Blackmail. Martelli. Clippings: 1963. Accused under the Official
Secrets Act and incarcerated; KGB was blackmailing him over alleged
British affair, while his wife and children remained in Italy; acquitted
because it was a set up.
14. Agents. Exchanges, Escapes. Empty envelope.
15. Dead Letter Boxes. Clipping: 1961. Trial of Harry Houghton; his
offer to help find other dead letter boxes used by Soviet spies; caught
in stakeout.
16. Surveillance of Visitors, Tourists: Hotels. Typescript: 1971. KGBs
questioning of bureau chief in Moscow over contacts with Bukovsky, a
dissident.
17. Against Satellite countries. See also Czechoslovakia. Paper: 1971.
KGB: Samizdat; notes about KGB-forged materials supposedly
appearing as Samizdat; Czech writers were in hiding from the Russians
after invasion.
18. Bugging Devices: Clippings: 1965-1974. A sensitive hearing aid (n.d.);
microphones in British Ambassadors residence in Warsaw; sex kittens
supplied to British businessmen; spy tunnel under Israeli embassy in
Moscow; bugs in diplomatic computers; Canadian hockey team bugged by
Russians in 1974. See also Box 55, Section 3, Envelopes 2, 3.
19. Forged Passports for agents: cobblers. Clipping: undated.
20. Pre-1939 cases. Clippings: 1921-1954; cases from 1921; cases to
1937; French arsenals targeted for military knowledge; skeleton of spy
found chained to a cave in Bessarabia; love tragedy in Rumania; Michael
Borodin.
21. Women: Clippings: 1954- 1969. Spy at Tempelhof; Russian wives refusing
to spy on their husbands, and the consequences; Russian women spies
in FANY uniforms; dangers of illicit sex.
22. Censorship. Clippings: 1961-1973. Alteration of journalists
submissions for publication; fears of Moscow censors of information
getting into the country; list of 300 topics not permitted to be mentioned
in the Soviet Union; publication of a new Moscow telephone book.
23. Radio Jamming. Clippings: 1973-1974, and undated. Need for a world
radio network; cessation of jamming by Russia.
24. Economic Penetration. Clipping: 1956, US-authored booklet, n.d.
The raison dêtre of some trade organizations; booklet available
at the US embassy in London.
25. Surveillance of Diplomats (Embassy mikes, etc). Clippings: 1971,
1976. Activity by KGB against British and American diplomats; reciprocity.
26. Cryptos, Communist Fronts. Clipping: 1965. Review of Phelps-Fetherston,
I: Soviet International Front Organisations.
27. Brainwashing. Clippings: 1961-1969. Accounts of a technique, from
China, and some specific results, e.g. as hypothesized for Mr. Gerald
Brooke.
28. Forgers and Counterfeiting Cases. Clipping: 1939. When Stalin
Counterfeited Dollars.
29. Tass and newspaper correspondents. Clipping: undated. Accusation
by International Press Institute during the Antonov/Petrov case.
30. Fifth Column, General. Clippings: 1960-1978. Methods of discrediting
countries; sabotage; medical treatment abroad for spy network chief
Leopold Trepper; use of red brigades.
31. Economic contraband. Clippings: 1953. Shipments re-labeled, diverted
behind the Iron Curtain.
32. Liquidation of Jewish Leaders: Salomon Mikhoels, Itzik Feffer Lozovsky
and many others. Clipping: 1972.
Section 5: Assassinations (Soviet Spies)
1. Trotsky. Empty Envelope, but See Box 26, File 6 to Box 28, File 4.
Manuscript, research, etc about Trotskys assassination.
2. Clippings: 1952-1975. Murders from Masaryk to Staschinskij; attempted
assassination of Vladimir Voinovich.
3. Charles Jordan (1967, Prague). Clippings: 1967-1968. American citizen,
V.P. of a Jewish relief agency; found floating in the Vlatava River.
4. Defections. Intra-Soviet resistance. Clippings: 1975, undated. Resistance
in six countries; Armenian folk dancer sought political asylum, but.
returned to the Soviet Union, accusing the Home Office of beating him
up.
Section 6: Military Intelligence
1. General. Clippings: 1970, 1976. Letter from Malcolm D. Kennedy regarding
the Soviet embassy in Japan in the 1930s; obit for Lieut.-Gen. Grigory
Popov.
Section 7: Soviet Intelligence Before and During WW II
1. GRU. Army Leaders. Clippings: 1946, 1951. Stalins grip on political
power off-limits to the military; deaths of middle-aged, senior military
officers, listing no causes.
2. GRU1. General. Note by Cookridge, no date, noting a recent publication.
3. GRU2. SMERSH until 1946. Clipping: 1967. Organization and mandate
of the real SMERSH.
4. GRU2A. First Head: Gen. Jan Antonovich Berzin (b. 1881) 1922-1937
(executed). Empty Envelope.
5. GRU5. Head: Colonel General Peter Ivashutin (1967). Empty Envelope.
6. Red Orchestra Trepper: Treppers Own Story. Clippings:
1972-1977. His life and spy activities; how Poland refused an exit visa
for his medical treatment outside the country; his sons hunger
strike in Jerusalem.
Section 8: Soviet Diplomats in Britain
Soviet Spies:
1. Diplomats in British Secret Service, Foreign Office. Clippings: 1952-1978.
Travel restrictions on Soviet diplomats; diplomatic spy rings; tit-for-tat
restrictions based on actions in Russia; British orders to reduce numbers
of Soviet embassy staff; comparative freedom of movement of Russians
in Britain; claim that 75% of Russian diplomats are Soviet spies (1973);
occupations of Ambassadors wives in Britain; limiting visas for
diplomats; spies from other powers in London; TASS invitation for Cookridge
to cocktails at the TASS office, plus business cards from three journalists.
2. Kensington and Highgate homes. Clippings: 1962-1978. Russian spies
as diplomats; Vassall case; The Kremlin in Kensington espionage
case; plans for large Soviet embassy complex, ultimately rejected.
3. Ambassador Lunkov. Clippings: 1973-1976. Report of Lunkovs
appointment to London; his role in Panova affair; interaction with British
parliamentarians.
4. Ambassador Smirnovsky. Clipping: 1973. He tells a joke.
5. Trade Union Visits; Soviet Delegations: Missions to Conferences.
Clippings: 1971-1978. Russian spies joining professional associations,
factories; attending trade shows; financial crises at Moscow Narodny
Bank; Soviet trade visitors being funded by British Trade Unions; visa
delays for Soviet scientists and others; criminal case.
6. Embassy in Dublin (1972). Clippings: 1972-1976. First exchange of
ambassadors between Ireland and the Soviet Union/Poland seen as spy
threat to Britain; concerns that Russian diplomats to Ireland were entering
Britain without proper passport checks; visit of KGB official as correspondent.
7. Cooperation with East-European Embassies in London, after the expulsions
of 1971. Clippings: 1971-1976. Nervous reaction of other embassies to
expulsion of 105 Russian diplomats; Polands assumption of spy
role for Russia; discovery of soundproofed room in former Czech embassy.
Box 56
Soviet Spies in Britain:
1. General. Clippings: 1930s-1977. Cookridges notes on British
spies and their sentences; how Soviet recruiters work; security questioning
for MPs after visits to Soviet Bloc countries; arrests of Russian agents;
location of spy flats; cultivation of MPs for spying; spy ships; limit
of three months residence for Soviet Trade Officials in Britain;
spy-glass Russians; traitor-in-Whitehall hypothesis during Heath regime;
Yevgeni Kryukov identified; eavesdropping on phone calls through the
Post Office Tower; spy spotting; correspondence between Cookridge and
Andrew Boyle regarding Philby, Burgess and Maclean, and others, as Communist
spies. See also Series 3: Correspondence.
2. Lt Col Lajos Hajma, and Capt. Andras Toth: Hungarian military attachés
caught photographing Polaris in Berkshire Ordnance factory. Clippings:
April, 1976-1 August 1976. Indiscreet photography easily picked up by
police; uncertainty over procedures, since nothing top secret was photographed;
Hungarians reprimanded, but not expelled, because possibly acting under
orders of Moscow, not Budapest.
3. Capt. Valentin V. Liachenko. Vodka Spy. Drunk and disorderly,
and trying to obtain information from a British Army sergeant.
4. Alistair Steadman, RAF flight Lieut. Clippings: 1975-1976. Charged
under the Official Secrets Act, active member of the RAF, flying Vulcan
bombers; his excellent memory allowed him to memorize data, and he was
deemed ready to sell; sentence of nine years, and denied leave to appeal.
5. Czech spy, Jozef Frolik (1960-1969), and Stonehouse affair. Frolik
deported 1969. Clippings: 1974-1978. Frolik defected from the Czech
intelligence service; John Stonehouse, MP, disappeared; Frolik identified
Stonehouse as CIA spy. Speculation: drowned or murdered, in Florida;
Stonehouse later arrested in Melbourne, using false passport; claimed
blackmail. He was sentenced to seven years; no investigation of suggestion
he was a Czech spy.
6. Expulsions in 1970-1971, before the 105 in 1971. Clipping: 1971.
Britain as spy-Mecca against NATO; statistics on number of agents in
the country.
7. Viktor Nikol Dvoryankin, Soviet Trade Mission. Arrived July 1968,
expelled 1971. MI5 file report on him (1971) and his attempts at spying.
8. Lev N. Shertsnev. First Secretary. Expelled June 1971. Clippings:
1971. Accused of active intelligence operations; journalists
from Russia going to Ulster during the Northern Ireland crisis.
9. Dmitry I. Sorokin, Second Secretary. Expelled May, 1971. Clipping:
1971.
10. Boris Grushenko (1971). Clipping: 1971. Accused by businessmen,
expelled with 90; said to be looking for tank engines.
11. Czech Embassy withdrawals. Clipping: 1974. Withdrawal of about 12
known spies from Czech embassy, leaving six persons; none was formally
expelled.
12. Accusations against Arthur Bax, former Labour Press Officer (1972).
Sir Frederick Bennett accused Bax in Parliament of being a paid agent
of the Soviet Union; Bax had received small amounts of cash by
the Czech embassy for free-lance journalistic work, but never saw himself
as a spy.
13. Col Yuri A. Chelpanov, Military Attaché. Recalled April, 1973; Captain
3rd rank Gennady A. Mikhailov, Asst. Naval Attaché. Also Cuban diplomat
Aristides Diaz Rovirosa (1972). Clippings: April 2-10, 1973. Russians
not expelled; changed environment between Britain and Russia; Diaz described
as the vanishing Cuban.
14. Leonid Yakovlevich Tyukhin, 3rd Secretary (Scientific and Technical),
arrived October, 1968. Expelled (as persona non grata) August,
1970. Clipping: Sept. 1971. Former graduate student at Birmingham University,
was interested in computers.
15. Valery S. Chousovetin, 3rd Secretary. Expelled June, 1971. Clipping:
1971. Expelled before the massive expulsion in September, 1971; a tit-for-tat
exchange.
16. Georgi Gotznev (1972). Bulgarian, General Manager of Balkan Holiday
Travel Agency. Nine years in London. Clipping: 1972. Denied charge of
spying; assumed Directors position in the same company in Bulgaria.
17. 105 Expulsions, Soviet Retaliations. Expulsion of British diplomats
and businessmen. Clippings: September-October 1971. Pravda named
British persons supposedly practicing espionage; some diplomats expelled
in the tit-for-tat exercise.
18. 105 Expulsions (1971). Clippings: Sept.-Nov. 1971. Aftermath: political
and economic repercussions in Britain and the West; reasons for expulsions
and expected reprisals by Soviets; letters and editorials; criticism
of Edward Heaths very visible actions; accused of using the expulsions
as electoral campaigning; Lyalins defection; false accusations;
presumptive trade sanctions; Wilson vs. Heath, and the Panorama TV programme;
a question of détente.
19. 105 Expulsions of Soviet Diplomats (1971) First announcement, 25
September. Alec Douglas-Homes diplomatic letters to Andrei Gromyko
ignored (texts here); announcement in newspaper; list of Russian companies
in Britain; reaction of some embassy employees.
20. 105 Expulsions (1971). Clippings: 1971, 1976. Details, some names,
departures, etc; domestic scenes, London businesses identified; editorials.
21. Retaliations for 105 Expulsions (1971). Clippings: 1971. Blacklist
of British firms; expulsion and ban on re-entry of some British diplomats
and businessmen; reprisals mostly concerned people knowledgeable about
Russian language, geography, and economics
22. 105 Expulsions. Truce by December 1971 (Smirnovsky returns
to London). Clippings:1971-1973. Some diplomats allowed back; numbers
vastly reduced; Britain did not name all 105 persons publicly in 1971;
cool relations with Soviet Union right through 1973.
23. 105 Expulsions. Moscows reaction: Gromykos protest,
threat of retaliations. Kim Philbys accusations. Clippings:1971,
1972. Mild reaction by Soviets who expelled five persons immediately,18
in total; kept contact with the technical firms, but not diplomats for
a while; no invitations to Soviet celebrations; Kim Philby had his say;
David Bonavia, a reporter, expelled from Moscow.
24. Oleg Lyalin. Contact with Soviet spies in NATO and other countries.
Clippings: 1971. Clippings largely irrelevant to envelope title.
25. Oleg Lyalin (1971) Defected; first announcement of his name, Sept.
30/71. Details of his background; defection of his secretary. Clippings:
1971-1972. Officially missing, and of not much importance,
Lyalins defection triggered the expulsion of 105 Russian diplomats;
wanted British freedom and its culture; his (probably family) connection
with KGB, and acknowledgement that he was a member of KGB death squad;
missed appearance in British court on drunk driving charges, dropped
because of fear he would be assassinated if he appeared; risked bringing
his secretary from the embassy; she was granted political asylum; the
disbelief of her husband and family.
26. Unidentified corpse near Portland Weapons Establishment. Clipping:
1971. Lyalin asked but failed to identify; prob. Eastern European in
origin.
27. Siroj Abdoolcader (Malayan); connection with Lyalin. Clippings:
1971-1972. Accused of spying activities against Britain, and used by
Lyalin; jailed for three years, but not deported.
28. Kyrianos Costi and Constantinos Martianou; Cypriot connection with
Lyalin. Clippings: Sept.-Dec. 1971. Lyalin identified these tailors
as his trainees to be activated in case of war; tried and jailed.
29. Soviet Trade Mission in London; spying centre. Clippings: Sept.
1971-Mar. 1972. Building and grounds; restricted contact between staff
and families and Britons; Missions failure to prevent residential
development next door.
30. Anatoly Tchebotarev (1971). Defected in Brussels after Lyalins
defection. Sent to USA. Returned to Moscow December, 1971. Clippings:
1971. Disappeared in Brussels; nobody knew where he was; granted asylum
in the USA but family quickly taken back to Moscow; he talked, but correspondence
from his family made him return to Moscow voluntarily; possible trial
for treason.
31. Ivan Kulikov, shoplifter, supposedly framed by MI-5. Clippings:
1971. Stole 35mm slides from Smiths, claimed diplomatic immunity;
Russians tried to complain, but were reprimanded for false statements.
32. Vladislav Drozdov (to 1968). Expelled in 1968, but shown on security-training
film by BBC in 1971 as part of a documentary.
33. Three Trade Mission Members expelled 1970. Clippings: 1970. Reports
based on activities; two other Communist countries were warned about
the behaviour of their envoys.
34. Two Polish diplomats expelled January, 1970: Lt. Tanana, 2nd Secty
Prystrom and two clerks from Military Attachés office. Clippings:
1970. Quietly, the expulsions were made for unacceptable activities
in Britain; Foreign Office said they had been caught early; Poland retaliated
by expelling three Britons.
35. John Rusbridge in Cyprus (1971). Clippings: October 1971. Sold aircraft
secrets to a Communist spy; kicked out of the Air Force and jailed for
6 months.
36. David James Bingham, R.N. Officer (1971-1972). Controller: Captain
Second Rank Lory T. Kuzmin, Asst. Naval Attaché. Clippings: 1971. Admitted
spying for Russia because he was deeply in debt; his wife suggested
he go to the Russian Embassy and offer to work for them; jailed for
21 years.
37. Mrs. Maureen Bingham (1972) Controller: Lory T. Kuzmin. Clippings:
1972-1974. Addiction to bingo led to financial troubles; she was charged
with selling naval secrets; jailed for 2 ½ years; her divorce;
38. Harold Austin Hill, Engineer at Rolls-Royce (suspected) Clippings:
1971. Resigned, went to live in Russia; probably not a spy.
39. Leonard Hinchcliffe (1972-1974) Foreign Office clerk in Algiers
and Khartoum. Clippings: 1972. Pleaded guilty to four charges of giving
Russians information on FO secret codes; jailed for 10 years.
40. Wm. James Owen, MP. Arrest; Bow Street hearing. Clippings: 1970.
Arrested under the Official Secrets Act; denied charge.
41. Will Owen, MP; magistrates trial. Clippings: 1970. Alleged
passing information to a Czech diplomat over a lengthy period; Owen
resigned as MP during the trial.
42. James William Owen trial. Clippings: 1970. After not guilty verdict.
43. Nicholas Prager. Clippings: 1971-1974. Electrical engineer accused
of providing documents to the Czechs; afraid his wife was spying, he
accepted the responsibility for her actions; identified by a defector,
sentenced to 12 years in jail. Native of Czechoslovakia, he was rejected
by them; Britain also removed his citizenship.
44. Love Affair of Nadeinsky. Vsevoled Nadeinsky, Secretary of the Maritime
Safety Committee of the Inter-Government Maritime Consultative Organization
of the UN (London Office). Clippings: 1970. Fell in love with his Irish
secretary, but went home after family pressure.
45. Dr. Alfred Laurence (Sunny Acre) 1969. Correspondence with Cookridge,
1972. Clippings: 1969
46. Ivan Shishkin, First Secretary (1969) Head of KGB in London.
Clipping: 1969. Gerald Brooke case.
47. Czech Spies: Robert Husak, Josef Kalina. Clippings: 1970. Convinced
Parliament that Owen was a traitor; short notes by Cookridge.
48. Dushkin and Loginov. Ministry of Defense Radio Station. Clippings:
1968. Arrested, after being trailed to a MOD garage and radio station;
Russian embassy charged police brutality as they evaded
arrest; claimed injury, but hospital records showed they turned up five
days later with injuries not sustained in the arrest; both expelled.
49. Robin Douglas Cloude, R.N. (1968). Wanted to buy a house; Russians
promised the money in return for information. Sentenced to five years.
50. Bland. Walter Mitty Case (1968). Clippings: 1968-1969.
Surplus pages of harmless material given to the Russians; Bland was
not an agent, and was not paid.
51. I. A. Borisenko (1968) See: Britten, Douglas Ronald. Empty envelope.
52. Peter Dorschel, McAffer (Scotland), 1967. Clippings: 1967-1970.
Dorschel, East German spy, tried to get McAffer to contact an American,
Ledbetter for documents on Polaris submarines; McAffer double-crossed
him; Ledbetter was confined to the ship; Dorschel got seven years in
jail, and his wife divorced him.
53. US Sergeant William Boekenhaupt ([?]1968). Clipping: 1966. His arrest
triggered a wide investigation into Soviet activities in both the UK
and the USA.
54. William C. Mulvena (1966). French Pâques Affair (Ivan Petchenko).
Clippings: 1966-1967. Arrested for obtaining a passport in the name
of a dead person for the use of Soviet agent; sentenced to four years.
55. Bossard case: Nesterov, Strelnikov (1965). Clipping: 1965.
56. Vladimir Solonatin (Trade) 1964. Clipping: 1964. Expelled for
attempting to spy.
57. Korovin. Clippings: 1962. Master spy; left Britain before he could
be arrested.
58. Anthony Wraight, (Nicolai Profimovitch Soloviev) (1960). Clippings:
1959-1960. Discharged from the RAF when he disappeared to Moscow in
1956; booted out of Russia in 1959; charged under the Official Secrets
Act upon returning to Britain; Cookridge draft ms (1960) included.
59. Bryan F. Linney (Pribyl) 1958. Cookridge ms: 1956. Also handwritten
notes by Cookridge.
60. Knock on the Door. Clippings: 1957-1965. Attempts by various Communist
national police to coerce refugees into returning home.
61. Cmdr Ivanov (Profumo case). Clippings: 1963. Ivanov as socialite,
drinker; disappearance of Christine Keeler; handwritten notes by Cookridge.
62. Pasha Florczykowski (1959). Clippings: 1959. Student
at London University, planted by Polish Intelligence; deported; typescript
by Cookridge.
63. Eugene Perianu (1957). Clipping: 1957. Rumanian Air Attaché, tried
to establish a spy ring in Britain; deported; note by Cookridge.
64. John Clarence (Barabanov) (1954). Clippings: 1961. Was taught mathematics
in prison by Klaus Fuchs, did some tutoring when released, but was jailed
for robbing stately homes; typescript, handwritten notes, by Cookridge..
65. Pupyshev, Gudkov, (Marakazov) (1954). De Havilland case. Clippings:
1954. Pupyshev and Gudkov caught trying to collect secrets about the
air industry in Britain; expelled; typescript by Cookridge.
66. Dr. Noble Colin Ward (1953). Connection with Krogers.
Clipping: 1953. Found hanged in jail cell, was identified as Communist
agent; Cookridge did some investigation on his own; note, typescript
by Cookridge.
67. Eugene Fogarty (1953). Clipping 1953. Physician. Had been jailed
in Spain; released; identified as a Russian spy in 1942.
68. Marshall/Kusnetsov case (1952). Clippings: 1952. Marshall, social
misfit, passed classified information to Paul Kusnetsov; Marshall sentenced
to five years; Kusnetsov expelled; typescript by Cookridge.
69. Karl Strauss (1951-1954). Copies of 1) a German-language leaflet
dealing with
the conspiracy against Karl Strauss by
the Reds on both sides of the Iron Curtain; 2) a manifesto from
Karl Strauss who claimed deprived of British citizenship by a
Labour Party conspiracy. Clipping questioning Strausss supposed
identity as the Third Man in the Burgess-Maclean case.
70. Boris Anisimovich Skoridov( Boris Zhiltzov) at Soviet
Embassy. London (see Loginov, South Africa). Empty Envelope.
71. Feodor Svedlov, Head of KGB in London. Clipping:
1971. Lover of Miss Evelyn Anthony; story in her book: The Tamarind
Seed.
72. Five Bulgarians deported to Prague (1948): Boyev, Totyev, Ilyev,
Chorokov, Matchenikov. Clipping: 1948. First foreign agents deported
from Britain at the beginning of a large contingent of spying suspects.
73. London Spy Nets. Clippings: 1961-1971. Published articles, n.d.
(?1969), entitled How Russias Spy Ring Operates in Britain
by Cookridge; section excised; notes by Cookridge.
Soviet Spies in Britain (continued)
Section 2: Bossard
1. Bossard (1965). Clippings: 1965. Expert in guided missiles at Ministry
of Aviation; desperate for money, so spied for Russians;
sentenced to 21 years; note by Cookridge with Item # for UPI photo.
See also: Boxes 41A&B, Files 13, 21; Box 42A, File 8; Box 56, Section
2, Env. 55.
2. Bossard Case (1965). Magistrates Trial. March, 1965. Bossards
arrest, charge; accused of being paid Nazi sympathizer; of being jailed
for forgery; no thorough background check before he started in the Civil
Service; became a Russian spy.
Section 3: Britten
1. Douglas Ronald Britten (1968) Trial. Clippings: 1968. Claimed he
sold secrets to Russia to get money to buy a house. Sentenced to 21
years.
2. Douglas Ronald Britten. Appeal Trial (1969). Newspaper clippings:
1968-1969. Appeal rejected.
Section 4: Lonsdale & Kroger Spy Ring: Naval Case
1. Clippings: 1969. Part of Gordon Lonsdales spy ring; expelled
from Britain after 21 years in Britain and the USA.
2. (1a) Bow Street hearing, Feb. 1961. Clippings: 1961. Details of charges,
house searches, etc. on Lonsdale, Gee, Houghton, and the Krogers.
3. (2). Trial at Old Bailey: General. Clipping: 1961. Reframing of charge
against all five; challenge to the jury.
4. (3) Trial at Old Bailey. Clippings: March 13-23, 1961. Daily accounts
of the trial; prison sentences for all defendants: Lonsdale (Molody),
25 years; Krogers, 20 years; Houghton, 15 years; Gee, 15 years.
5. (4) Clippings: March 18-26, 1961. Summary series from trial, including
sentences.
6. (5) Clippings: some undated, March 15-23. More personal approach,
more pictures than other newspapers; more concentration on police evidence.
7. (6): March 15-March 23, 1961. More sensational reports of evidence
and outcome than other papers.
8. (7) Appeals against the trial sentences. Clippings: March-May, 1961.
Appeals dismissed.
9. (8) Background: Lonsdale. Clippings: 1961-1971. Articles on Lonsdale
contemporary with the Naval Case; biographical details.
10. (9) Krogers backgrounds. Clippings: Jan.-May, 1961. Information
on both Lonsdale and the Krogers.
11. (10) Houghton, Gee: Background. Clippings: May, 1961. How the Naval
Case resolved: Houghton living beyond his means; drinking.
12. (10A) Ethel Gees own story. Clippings: March, May, 1961.
13. (10B) Houghton and Gee: Life in prison; possibility of release.
Clippings: 1967-1969. Allowed private meetings several times a year;
considered for parole in 1969, but Miss Gees application was rejected;
speculation Krogers to be exchanged for Gerald Brooke.
14. (10C) Houghton and Gee paroled in 1970. Clippings: 1969-1972. Paroled
in May, 1970, married in 1971; how Russians spy in Britain; how they
arrive in the country.
Box 57
Section 1: Soviet Spies In Britain - Naval Case (continued)
1. (12) Lonsdale: Released in exchange for Wynne. Clippings: April,
1964. See also Box 42B, File 26.
2. (12A) Lonsdales Memoirs (1964) I. Clippings: 1965. Interview
in Russia; extracts I and II of his book.
3. (12B) Lonsdales Memoirs (1965) II. Clippings: 1965. Sections
III, IV, and V of his book.
4. (12C) Lonsdales Memoirs (1965) III. Clippings: 1965. Installments
VI, VII, and VIII.
5. (12D) Clippings: 1965-1970. Lonsdale after release, made a film;
His death October 9, 1970; earnings from his Memoirs; his acting career;
his untimely death at 47 from a heart attack whilst picking
mushrooms.
6. (13) Krogers: Life in Prison. Clippings: 1965-1969. Application for
Polish citizenship rejected because they were Americans; complaints
of monastic existence in prison, and lack of parole despite
time served.
7. (13A) Krogers: negotiations for an exchange. See also: Box 55, Section
3, Envelope 10. Clippings: 1966-1969. Opinion pieces on the probable
exchange between the Krogers and Gerald Brooke.
8. (13B). Krogers: Decision on Exchange, and preparations for release.
Clippings: June-August, 1969. Passports from Polish embassy, and they
were to be released in October, 1969.
9. (13C) Prison Officer Jackson (sold Kroger papers) (1968). Accused
of disposing to prisoners in Parkhurst Prison, who paid for them, notes
of conversations between Peter Kroger and his wife.
10. (13D) Krogers release, October, 1969. Clippings: 1969. Minutiae
of the flight to Poland, their treatment upon arrival; Wynne said the
Security Services advised the government against the exchange of Krogers
for Brooke.
11. (13E) Krogers exchange: description. Annoyance of British
viewers at healthy, happy appearance as Krogers left for Poland;
editorial about governments failure to use other tactics to free
Brooke.
12. (13F) Another man in Brooke/Kroger exchange? Clippings:
1969. Speculation; no conclusion.
13. (13G) Exchanges of agents: Criticism of Krogers/Brooke deal. Clippings:
1969. Exchange supposed to include more persons than Brooke; government
accused of giving in to Soviet blackmail; several letters.
14. (13H) American attitudes to Krogers, etc. Clippings: 1969. Most
comments about the inequality of the exchange, pointing out that the
US did not do such things; editorial comment by Cookridge.
15. (13J) Krogers: Usefulness after release; Polaris speculation. Clippings:
1969. Concern that Krogers still had useful information regarding Polaris
missiles; possibly US was designing missiles that were better than the
Polaris; Poland paid for the Krogers plane tickets.
Section 2: Brooke and Kroger Exchange
British Secret Service:
1. Gerald Brooke (1965) Arrest and Trial. British Agents named; also
infiltration of N.T.S. Clippings: 1965-1969. Brooke arrested for passing
a package to an undercover Moscow KGB agent; never accused of spying;
served 4 years until traded for Krogers.
2. Gerald Brooke. Life in prison; possibility of exchange (1966). Clippings:
1965-1969. Brookes incarceration; speculation upon exchange possibilities;
effect of his imprisonment on political relations between the USSR and
the West. (See Box 57, Section 1, for information on negotiations.)
3. Gerald Brooke. Threat of new charges; offer of exchange for the Krogers
(1969). Clippings: 1967-1969. Izvestia or KGB threat; Brooke
finally sees a British diplomat; Britain becomes worried about his future.
4. Gerald Brooke. Comments after release (Stewart, in the Commons).
Package Deal: Anthony Lorraine, Michael Parsons, (arrested as drug peddlers),
Krogers, Marriage arrangements for British-Russian engaged couples.
Clippings: 1969. Editorials; accounts of answers to questions in Parliament;
accusations of government bungling; unrepentant smugglers.
5. Gerald Brooke. After release: talks about spying and
NTS. Clippings: 1969. Soviet media complained Britain distorted the
Brooke case, and that he was a spy; Brooke admitted that he had carried
code material; this was a surprise to the Foreign Office and MI6; they
declined to call him a spy.
Section 3: Vassall
Soviet Spies in Britain:
1. Vassall. Arrest and Bow Street Hearing. Clippings: 1962. Vassalls
arrest; search of his flat.
2. Vassall Trial (1962). Clippings: 1962-1963. Pleaded guilty; given
18 years in jail; did it for the money; his brother Richards arrest
in 1963.
2A. Vassall. Background, his own story. Clippings: 1962. Personal history,
attitudes; reasons for spying; psychology; note by Cookridge on 1966
envelope about Thomas Galbraith, Vassalls boss, who resigned because
of the spying.
3. Vassall. Courier to Ministers. Clippings: 1962-1963. Vassall as Office
Boy and courier for Galbraith.
4. Vassall. Clippings: 1962-1963. Political ramifications of spy trial:
Lord Carrington told he should resign; journalists (Mulholland and Foster)
threatened with jail unless they revealed their sources of information.
5. Vassall (1962). Interrogations after trial, scope of betrayals. Clippings:
1962-1973. His Soviet contacts, visits to his father in hospital; his
side of the story.
6. Vassall. In prison, and released on parole 24 October, 1972. Clippings:
1969-1975. Applied in 1968, freed in 1972. Book review of his autobiography.
Section 4: Profumo
British Secret Service: Profumo case
1. SE 27. Profumo, Keeler, Ivanov.. Clippings: 1963-1978. Timetable
of the Profumo Affair; article about Profumo after he resigned.
See also Box 56, Section 1, Envelope 61.
2. SE 27A. Security. Dr. Ward, Cliveden, Astor, etc. Clippings: 1963-1964.
Note by Cookridge on newspaper reports about Dr. Ward.
3. SE27B. Keeler. Clippings: 1963-1976. Trial of Aloysius Gordon for
assaulting Christine Keeler; a tape recording; her autobiography; her
marriages and divorces. See also: Box 56, Section 1, File 61.
4. SE27C Allegations by Eddowes. Clippings: 1963. Letter Eddowes sent
to the Prime Minister.
5. SE28. Repercussions of the Profumo Affair. Clippings: June 1963.
Resignation of Profumo; moral outrage; Dr. Ward on the scene.
6. Profumo case after 1971. Clippings: 1971-1978. Honoured for his volunteer
work with all sorts of persons in difficulty.
7. Younger Report on Privacy (1972). Clipping: 1972. Report and recommendations.
Section 5: Lambton-Jellicoe Case
British Secret Service: Lambton/Jellicoe Case:
1. First News, 1973. Lambtons own story, his resignation, description
of facts. Clippings: 1973 Lambton resigned as Defense Under-secretary
for the RAF; accused of visiting a prostitute, and drug violations.
Jellicoe resigned because of a sexual scandal.
2. Security and police Action (how Lambton and Jellicoes cases
were found out.). Clippings: 1973. Attempts to charge Lord Lambton as
a heroin addict or drug user unsuccessful; juxtaposition of irrelevant
but suggestive facts and ideas to keep the case going.
3. Colin and Norma Levy and other call girls. Clippings:
1973-1978. Papers unearth an exclusive call-girl ring in London; Nor(m)a
Levy as Lambtons call girl; arrests for sexual offences; attempted
murder charge for Colin Levy; problems with Nor(m)a Levys autobiography;
US legal troubles.
4. Lord Jellicoe and Third Minister Clippings: 1973. House
leader, resigned because of call girl; called the Second Minister
since Lambton was caught first; newspapers and Nora Levy, claimed there
were others.
5. News of the World images. Comments on press treatment.
Clippings: 1973-1974. Photographs of Lambton (not in envelope) taken
by news photographer; controversy and inquiry; Lambton set up.
6. Parliamentary sequel: Heaths announcements on security commission.
Clippings: 1973. Attempt to restore the reputation of the government;
denial of possibility of blackmail attempts on Lambton; security reports.
7. Call girls, German and International connections. Clippings: 1973.
Allegations that call-girl ring was international group.
8. General comments on morality, including Montgomery Hydes historical
article. Clippings: 1973. Editorial pieces; essays; commentary; changing
opinions.
9. Lambton on Drug Charges. Clippings: 1973. Lambton fined for possession
of cannabis and amphetamines; connection between call-girl ring and
drug trafficking?
10. Sequel to Diplock Report: Whitewash Accusations July,
1973.
Section 6: British Commonwealth
Soviet Spies in the Commonwealth:
1. Australia. Mrs. Roy Neill (1961). British agent who operated in the
Communist Party.
2. Australia. Edinburgh Field Research Centre for Woomera.
RAF man Julian Brown flown to London. Clipping: 1958.
3. Australia. Skripov Case. Served in London 1952-1957. Clippings: 1963.
Turned in by the woman he thought was a Russian spy; she was an Australian
agent; suspected connections with Woomera; inquiries as to Skripovs
activities when stationed in Britain.
4. Australia. Petrov case. Clippings: 1952-1965. Defected from Russia
as the Third Secretary in the Canberra embassy; told Australians about
local Soviet spy rings; Mrs. Petrovs escape from Russian hands;
potential Fifth Column to have been arranged by Petrov; spy inquiry
by Australian government.
5. New Zealand. Sutch case. Vitali Pertsev, Dmitri Alex. Razgovorov,
Makarov. Clippings: 1974-1976. Sutch arrested under Official Secrets
Act in Auckland, subsequently cleared; departure of Pertsev and Razgovorov
despite orders to stay; warnings to Russians about spying in New Zealand.
6. Australia. Singapore. Clippings: 1974-1976. Soviet couriers grounded
because they would not undergo security checks at the airport; they
left in a Thai plane a day later; Thai dancer arrested as Communist
conspirator.
7. Hong Kong. Tsunayev and Polarikov (1972). Clippings: 1972. Expulsion
from Hong Kong of Tsynayev and Polarikov for spying; Russian ship refused
to sail with stateless contact of Tsynayev on board, despite deportation
order.
8. Cyprus. N Ranov, Soviet diplomat expelled March 30, 1967. Empty envelope.
9. Canada, Kenya. Clippings: 1970, 1975. Canada expelled Janos Hegedus;
Kenya admitted KGB had a presence there.
Section 7: Soviet Spies in Britain: Burgess and Maclean
1. B&M1. General. Clippings: 1951-1972; Government statements; note
of a Foreign Office report; Gouzenkos Fourth Man hint; reviews
of Goronwy Rees A Chapter of Accidents; notes by Cookridge
about their defection, and its sequence of events.
2. B&M2. Clippings: 1956. Their first public reappearance in Moscow;
their statements made then.
3. B&M3. Clippings: 1962-1967. Rumoured intent to return to Britain;
arrest warrant should they do so; Melinda Maclean and her marriage to
Kim Philby.
4. BS1. Guy Burgess: General. Youth, Cambridge, Anglo-German Portrait.
Clippings: 1963-1978. Newspaper discussion of his homosexuality; suggestion
there was no evidence he was a spy; biographical summary to 1963.
5. BS1A. Burgess: his mother and family. Empty Envelope.
6. BS2 Burgess: Wartime, BBC, D-Dept., MI5, McNeil (FO) (1950). Clippings:
1956 and undated. His wartime activities and his time in the Foreign
Office.
7. BS3. Burgess: in Washington, and Flight. Clippings:1951, 1962. The
hunt for Burgess and Maclean after their disappearances; biographical
data and photos.
8. BS4. Burgess: Life and Death in Russia Clippings: 1962-1963. Life
in Moscow; meetings with friends; his death, and his estate.
9. M1. Donald Maclean: General. Portrait, youth, Foreign Office. Paris
Embassy, War-time in London. Biographical article; Cookridges
biographical notes to 1956.
10. M1A. Maclean: his family. Clippings: 1961-1974.His mother, her illness
and death; biography of his father, Sir Donald Maclean; his son Ferguss
studios in London.
11. M2. Maclean: Washington 1944-1948. Clippings: undated, 1967. Macleans
passing of Cold/Korean War information to Soviets.
12. M3. Maclean: Cairo, Toynbee story, Nervous breakdown. Foreign Office.
Clippings: 1956-1967. Photograph (undated) of Donald and Melinda Maclean;
their house in Cairo; 1951 letter found in Cairo, relating to Maclean;
Toynbees meeting with Maclean in 1936 and their subsequent friendship.
13. M4. Maclean: Flight. Empty Envelope.
14. M5. Maclean: Life in Russia. Clippings: 1961-1975. His life in Moscow;
divorce from Melinda, who married Kim Philby; Cookridge note of Macleans
sons being at a summer camp at the Sea of Azov.
15. M6. Melinda Maclean. Clippings: 1976, and undated. Her plans to
disappear; her return to the USA; outline of her life in Russia.
16. M6A. Melinda Maclean: the 4th Mrs. Philby (James Leasors story).
Clippings: 1969. articles by James Leasor about Melinda; her life with
Maclean; as Philbys 4th wife.
Box 58
Section 1: Blake. (See also Boxes 2A and B, Files 7-24)
Soviet Spies in Britain: George Blake:
1. B1. General Biography. .Clippings: undated, 1961. Typewritten curriculum
vitae of George Blake, his life and background, with handwritten
notes relating to his biography, all by Cookridge.
2. B2. Mateial about boyhood in Holland. Clippings: undated, 1961. Notes
indicated as from Leonard Davidson about Blakes life
and growing up in the Netherlands; his life there.
3. B3. In Korea. Clippings: 1953, 1961.Notes on his imprisonment and
subsequent return to Britain, and later typewritten comments by Cookridge;
American POWs in Korea who refused to return to the USA.
4. B4. In Germany. Empty envelope.
5. B4A. Background material for his work in Germany. Clippings: 1945-1961.
The situation in postwar Germany, and the personnel.
6. B5. His relationship with Horst Eitner. Clippings: 1961. Blake was
betrayed by Eitner, another Soviet spy; Blakes trial and conviction;
Eitner was a double spy, betrayed to the authorities by his own wife,
Brigitte. See also Box 59, Section 1, Envelope 24.
7. B6. In Lebanon. Clippings: 1961-1978. The British Foreign Offices
Arabic language school (MECAS) in Lebanon; Blakes studies there;
contact with Philby.
8. B7. Betrayal by defectors Goleniewski and Maennel. Empty envelope.
9. B8. Trial. Clippings: 1961. Blakes trial; sentence of 42 years;
the effect of his treachery.
10. B9. Appeal Trial. Clippings: 1961. Appeal of the sentence of 42
years dismissed.
11. B10. Betrayal of other agents. Clippings: 1961. Identifying the
British agents betrayed by Blake; the kidnapping of East Germans who
had defected to the West. See also Boxes 41A&B, Files 11, 20.
12. B12. German reports. Clippings: 1961. List of authors and publications
(no dates); stories about Blake in Germany.
13. B12A. Foreign reports after trial (1961). The effects of Blakes
betrayals on Western intelligence services.
14. B13. His wifes story. Clippings: 1961. Series: Portrait
of a Spy; two advertisements for the series.
15. B13A. Divorce, wifes adultery, decree nisi (Cruelty).
Clippings: 1966, 1967. Blake initiated the divorce, but escaped before
the hearing; wife divorced him on grounds of cruelty/desertion.
16. B14 Blake. Life in prison, meeting Lonsdale and Vassall, planning
escapes. Clippings: 1961-1976, and undated.
17. B15 Escape, Official Reports. Clippings: 1966. Blakes prison
escape; some details of his prison life. See also: this section, Envelope
30 (B24), for copies of personal correspondence with Cookridge. See
also Mountbatten Report, this Section, Envelope 22.
18. 16 Soviet Spies in Britain: Blake. Police hunt after the escape:
clues, car, etc. Clippings: 1966-1970. Efforts to prevent his leaving
Britain after his escape; how he broke out; first references to an Irish
accomplice, Sean Adolphus Bourke; a purported warning to British Security
of a potential escape attempt by Blake; CIA activity in Britain at the
time.
19. B16A. Elvira Baumgarten and the story of the Irish angle in Berlin.
Clippings: 1967. Her possible role in supplying a false passport for
Blake.
20. B17. Newspaper theories of the escape; Deans story. Clippings:
1966-1976. Blunders which made Blakes escape possible; organization
of the escape; his destination; British Security screening system; Patrick
Meehans pardon; his later claim that he was framed for murder
because he helped Blake escape.
21. B17A. Clipping: 1966. Blakes escape, claiming that he flew
to East Berlin and then to Prague.
22. B18. Escape. Mountbatten inquiry and parliamentary sequel. Clippings:
1966-1973. Earl Mountbatten headed a general inquiry into prison security;
planned helicopter escape for Blake in 1966, reported used for the escape
of Seamus Twomey.
23. B19. Life in Moscow; visit from his mother. Clippings: 1967-1975.
Letters from Blake to his mother; her visit to him in Moscow; activities
in Moscow, including Cookridges handwritten notes which are a
tourists itinerary: shopping, theatres, restaurants, etc.; Observer
cover featuring images of Kim Philby and George Blake.
24. B19A. Life in Moscow. Clippings: 1970-1972. Interviews with Blake,
asking why he became a double agent; his escape; his autobiography;
praise of him by Russia; article in Russian; Order of Lenin
medal; his contact with his family.
25. B20. Bourkes appearances in the British Embassy in Moscow.
Plans for his extradition from Ireland if he returns. Clippings: 1967-1969.
Bourkes visit to the British Embassy in Moscow to ask about retiring
in Britain; requests to Dublin for a replacement passport and identity
documents; British investigation of possible extradition to Britain
if he returned to Ireland; Russian comments about his personal safety
if he were to return.
26. B21. Bourkes return to Ireland. Clippings: 1967. His return
to Ireland; British attempts at extradition; notes about Bourkes
return.
27. B22. Bourkes stories after his return to Dublin; depositions
at extradition trials. Clippings: 1968-1970. British attempts to extradite
Bourke from Ireland; the agent he claimed Blake betrayed; Blakes
escape and his part in it; Irish refusal to extradite him; manuscript
Bourke wrote in Moscow; his arrest for possession of a loaded pistol;
remand for receiving stolen goods; Bourke in Moscow.
28. B22A. Sean Bourke: his story, and Dublin extradition trial. Clippings:
1970. Account of his book and its content, with reviews.
29. B23. Izvestya interviews (1970), Order of Lenin. Clippings:
1970. Photocopies of Russian-language articles.
30. B24 Correspondence with Sean Bourke; Sheldon Case. Photocopies of
personal correspondence between Bourke and Cookridge (1969-1970), initially
about errors about Bourke in Shadow of a Spy, but eventually
friendly, ending with a mutual attendance at an event in Trinity College,
Dublin.
Section 2: Philby
Soviet Spies in Britain: Kim Philby
1. P1: General. Clippings: 1967, and undated. Background information;
handwritten (Cookridge) timeline notes; Philbys confession to
spying; background on his activities.
2. P1A. Clippings: 1967-1973. Reviews of books about Philby, other articles;
Hugh Trevor-Ropers libel suit against the BBC.
3. P2. Father, youth, Cambridge, Vienna. His birthday: December 31,
1911. Clippings: 1967-1968, undated. His early years, and family members;
handwritten background and chronological notes on Philby; data cards
on Sir Wm. Montagu-Pollock, Malcolm Dunbar, Hon. Sir F. E. Cumming-Bruce,
John Cornford, Ilsa Barea: connection to Philby not specified.
4. P2A. Anglo-German Fellowship (+ Burgess), 1937-1939. Philbys
marriage to Alice, and their involvement in the Fellowship; handwritten
notes on the Fellowship;.
5. P2B. His family in Britain. Clippings: 1970-1976. Philbys sons
divorce; his daughters marriage; reviews of a book about his father;
his sisters death.
6. P2C. Karl Friedmann (ex-husband of Lisl Friedmann). Correspondence
between Cookridge and Karl Friedmann in 1969. Friedmann noted errors
in The Third Man; later letters (in German) deal with other
matters.
7. P3. In Spain 1937-1939. Philbys activities in Spain during
the Spanish Civil War; notes of events and references; data cards on
Lady Frances Mary Lindsay-Hogg.
8. P4 Soviet Spies in Britain: Philby. War service with S.I.S., Turkey
(1940-1948). Clippings: 1967. Philbys activities 1944-1950; his
SIS work during the war; and the organization and operations of SIS;
Cookridges notes on Philbys work.
9. P5. In Washington, 1949-1954. Clipping: 1967-1968. Philbys
activities while posted to Washington (1949-1951); exiled King Leta
of Albania accused Philby of 1951 betrayal of anti-communist coup plans;
Cookridges notes.
10. P6. Philbys life (1951-1956). Employed by Observer,
1952, and again in 1956; Clippings: 1955-1963. Philbys work for
the Observer; letter from Alex H. Faulkner to Cookridge; article
identifying Philby as the Third Man.
11. P7. In Beirut, flight. Clippings: 1963-64. Philbys disappearance
from Beirut; his identification as the Third Man
12. P7A. Sheehan story: Beirut. Clippings: 1964, 1978. Sidebar on EMIs
loss of copyright for the Third Man film.
13. P8. Eleanor Philby. Clippings: 1963-1976. Her death in 1968; Kim
Philbys death in 1973; her life with her husband in Beirut and
Moscow; her book, The Spy I Loved ; cross-reference by Cookridge
to a review by Rebecca West of the book.
14.. Life in Russia. Clippings: 1965-1971. Philbys life and activities
in Moscow.
15. P9A. Confession in 1967. Clippings: 1967. First interview with the
Western press; his admission to spying for the Soviet Union; editorial.
16. P10. Press and general comments after story broke (1967). Article
by Geoffrey McDermott, who knew Philby, Burgess and Maclean at Cambridge,
about their activities.
17. P11 Philby-Blake-St John Philby connections. Clipping: 1967. Different
article by Geoffrey McDermott accusing the father (St. John) of terminal
eccentricity and being deprived of his British passport; the son
(Kim) was fired by his impressive fathers
originality;
Kim considered the winner in all categories.
18. P12. His own story. Clippings: 1967-1972. Philbys memoirs;
his efforts to have them published; a review of the book; results of
a libel trial in Beirut; undated clipping about/by Philby.
19. P13. Trevor-Ropers book. Clippings: 1968. Reviews of both
Philbys and Hugh Trevor-Ropers books.
20. P14 Philby. Patrick Seales book: The Long Road to Moscow
Hamish Hamilton, 1973. Clipping: 1973.
21. P15. Movies and TV Shows. Clippings: 1969-1977. Movies and shows
based upon the Philby story.
22. P16. Miscellaneous. Clippings: 1969-1978
23. P17. The Fourth Man. Clippings: 1977-1978. Speculation
on the identity of a Fourth Man as a spy; book review: Cambridge
Between the Two Wars by TCB Howarth.
24.. Notebook labeled Philby. Notebook contains a summary
of Philbys life, in Cookridges handwriting; Philbys
contacts; references and extracts of books and other documents referring
to his life and activities.
Section 3: Soviet Spies in Germany
1. G1. General. Clippings: 1971-1978, and undated. Soviet intelligence
and activities in Germany; Gunther Guillaume and intelligence activities
in Germany; notes by Cookridge about spies; Fuhrmann, Behrmann, Molner,
Altmann, Augustin as agents.
2. G2 Friedrich Cremer. Member of Bavarian Landtag (1979). Clippings:
1979. His arrest on suspicion of being a Soviet agent.
3. G3. Arrests after the defection of Lt. Stiller of East German State
Security (1979). Clipping: Jan. 1979. The arrest of six suspects.
4. G4. SPD Parliamentarians accused (Sept. 1978). Uwe Holtz, Joachim
Brouder-Groeger; Gen. Pacepas defection and disclosures
to CIA.
5. G5. Spy Rings in Federal Ministries (1976-1978). Ten arrests; 15
East German spies discovered, including Lothar and Renate Lutze, Jurgen
Weigel, Helge Berger. Herr Bubacks statement. Resignation of Defense
Minister Leber in December 1977 over disclosure of NATO secrets. Clippings:
1976-1978. Arrests of three couples: Lutze, Geratnex, Wiegel; historical
article about British Secret Service and Anglo-Soviet relations in the
1920s
6. G6. Dagmar Kahlig-Scheffer (1977-1978): secretary in Bonn Chancellery.
Trial with Peter and Gudrun Goslar (1978). Clippings: 1977-1978. Kahlig-Scheffers
arrest and subsequent trial.
7. G7. Hans-Jürgen Jenzowski (and wife Friedel) Air Force clerk arrested
June 1977. Clipping:1977. Jenzowskis activities and arrest; the
activities of Markus Wolf, the East German spymaster.
8. G8. Helga Berger (1976-1977) secretary in Aussenamt, friend of ex-Ambassador
Dr. Hch. Box (Head of Christian Democratic Partys foreign relations
office). Controlled by East German spy Klaus Wöhler. Trial in October
1977. Clippings: 1976-1977, and undated. The arrests of Wöhler, Berger,
Box, von Alten; Bergers trial.
9. G9. Heinz Dürrbeck (1975). Trade-union official, AEG-Telefunken worker-director.
Charged 7 Sept, 1977.
10. G10. Rolf Grunert (1977) Chief Inspector of Police in Hamburg.
11. G11. Henrich and Katryn Burger (1968-1976), sentenced 1977. Worked
(with others) in West Berlins Social-Democratic Party headquarters;
trial and conviction.
12. G12. Col. Karl Heinz Knollmann (1976). Clipping: 1976. His arrest
for spying for East Germany.
13. G13. Ulrich Reeps (1976). Psychologist in Konrad Adenauer
Foundation of the Christian Democratic Party. Clipping: 1976.
His conviction.
14. G14. Charlotte Moser, Alberta Stein von Hamm, Helena Nader: all
worked in the Defense Ministry (NATO connection); conviction for spying
for East Germany.
15. G15. Hans Faltenmeyer (1974-1976) sentenced 1976. Trade Union Leader.
Clippings: 1974, 1976. Arrest and conviction on spying for East Germany.
16. G16. Pavel Minarik (1976). Czech spy inside Radio Free Europe; infiltrated
CIA in Germany. Clipping:1976 His career in RFE, retirement, libeling
of Zdenek Mlynar; praise from the Czech communist government.
17. G17. Lt. Col. Norbert Moser (1975). Spy ring inside the German Air
Force. Report of his arrest.
18. G18. Lt. Cmdr. Dieter Görsdorf (1974-1975). East German naval officer
posing as West German reservist; spied for seven years until arrest
in 1974.
19. G19. Walter Doetsch (1975): employed by CDU Party Hdqs. Clipping:
1975. He was under suspicion of spying for East Germany.
20. G20. Gunther Guillaume, trial, June 1975. Sentenced 15 December,
1975 to 13 years; his wife to 8 years. Clippings: 1974-1975. Investigation;
arrest; trial; conviction; appeal; East Germanys offer of a 40:1
swap for his release; his spying brought down Willy Brandt as Chancellor.
See also this section, envelope 1.
21. G21. Gunther Guillaume. Parliamentary Inquiry (1974). Many German
politicians under surveillance. Clippings: 1974-1975. Security implications
of the case; outline of the review process; reports of dossiers on Bonns
leaders by Gehlens organization; final report split along party
lines.
22. G22. Guillaume, and Brandts resignation, 6 May, 1974. Clippings:
1974, and undated. The effects of Guillaumes activities on Brandt;
his resignation as Chancellor; implications for Brandts resignation
on other governments, and European relations in general; Brandts
relationship with Susan Sievers; her history in West Germany.
23. G23. Guillaume. Clipping: 1974. Full background, BND and BfV failure;
set-ups; Guillaume and his activities.
24. G24. Guillaume, arrest 1974. In Brandts office. Background:
his extra-marital love life. Clippings: 1974. Guillaumes arrest;
background to the arrest; his love life; interactions with the Chancellery
secretaries; Brandts help in trapping him.
25. G25. Capt. Alexei Myagkov. Defector, 1974. Empty Envelope.
26. G26. Suspect Walther Boehm. Trade Union Official. Arrested Nov.
1974, but released and rehabilitated. Clippings: 1974. His arrest and
release.
27. G27. East German spy ring led by Hilmar Ernst (discovered in road
crash). Spy network discovered following a road accident.
28. G28. Recruiting of agents in Germany. Clippings:1968.
29. G29: Vladimir D. Sergeyev. (1973). Second Secretary, Bonn. Clipping:
1973. His expulsion from Bonn for spying.
30. G30: Diplomats. Clipping: 1970 Soviet diplomats and spying.
31. G31: Gerda Schroeter (1973). Secretary in Aussenamt; gave away NATO
secrets. Also her husband Herbert. Clippings: 1973.
32. G32: Bernhard Heuchler and friends. Clipping: 1972. His and a friends
arrest.
33. G33: Repercussions in Germany of British expulsions of Soviet diplomats
(1971). Clipping: 1971. Bonns fears of negative effects on their
relations with East Germany as a result of the British action. See also
Box 55, Section 2.
34. G34: Spy ring exposed 1971/72 by defector Lyalin in London. Ivan
Ivanovitch Saitzev; Clipping: 1972. Bonns failure to act on a
list of Russian spies provided by Britain.
35. G35: Polish spy inside Radio Free Europe (1971) Capt. Andrzej Czecowicz.
Clippings: 1971.
36. G36: Horst Rapp. Clipping: undated.
Box 59
Section 1: Soviet Spies in Germany (continued)
Note: Original numbers follow in parentheses.
1. (1) Sedov and Shulkin. First in US Zone. Clipping: 1946. Their arrest
for spying.
2. (10) Squires, Hingott, Sievers: General, 1950s. Empty envelope.
3. (11) Mainly Czech, in US Zone, also women. 1950-1952. Clipping: 1952.
Czech political refugees and their spying activities;
US report; note of reference source (Cookridge).
4. (13) Grow affair (Squires). Clippings: 1952, and undated. Grows
diary; disappearance of Richard Squires; Squiress subsequent appearance
in Russia; John Discoe Smith, a US defector; alleged activities in Russia.
5. (15) Actress Knuth, Ins. Westbeld (1952). Clipping: 1952. Exposure
of a spy ring involving Knuth and Westbeld.
6. (16) Edith Seefeld, Robert Koch, Karl-Heinz Tejkl, Berg, Donczik
(1952-1953) in British Zone. Clipping: 1953. Their arrest and trial;
handwritten note on the results of the trial.
7. (17) Michael R. Rothkrug; He was an ex-US Military agent. Clipping:
1953. Report of his trial.
8. (20) Defections: Heinz Lippmann case. Clipping: 1953. Cookridge has
underlined several names in addition to Lippmanns: Max Heim, Gunther
Männel, Hahnel.
9. (27) Heinz Glaeske. Kidnapped NTS. Clipping: 1954. Warrant for his
arrest, outlining charges.
10. (28) Hingott, Sievert. Clipping: 1954. Bribed Robin J. Smith; note
indicates the charges, the trial, and sentencing (Cookridge).
11. (30) Irmgard Schmidt Garbo. Clipping: 1955. Mistress
of Col Hayes, USAF. See also Sanche de Gramont: Secret War
pp. 451-452. [McMaster Library: UB270.G74, Translated by Morgan,
Ted]; her arrest, trial, and sentencing.
12. (40) Irmgard Roemer (Bonn). Clippings: 1959., Her arrest, trial
and sentencing.
13. (41) Victor Schneider, double agent, in Bonn. Clipping: 1959.
14. (44) Lt. Col. Peter Sokolov. Clipping: 1960. His leadership of the
Soviet espionage system in Germany.
15. (45) Abgeordnete Alfred Frenzel (1960). Exchanged, 1966. Clippings:
1960-1968: His spying activities; arrest and trial; his part in a prisoner
exchange; obituary reporting his death in Prague.
16. (46) Policemen Clipping:1960. Report of the arrest of
13 members of the West Berlin police force as spies; total of 200 suspected.
17. (47) Messengers, Knipp, and Paul. Clipping: 1960. Trial
and sentencing for copying 3000 secret documents for the East Germans.
18. (48) Cmdr Horst Ludwig, Briesemeier, Jäger, etc. 1960. Clippings:
1960. Trial of Ludwig, his sister Hanni Jäger, her husband Wernher,
and Fritz Briesemeier; charge: providing information on the British
Navy to East Germany.
19. (49) Official Announcements, 1958, 1960. Soviet spying in West Germany.
20. (50) Erich Engelhardt (1961) Germany. Clipping: 1961.His trial and
conviction; espionage activities at the Leipzig Fair.
21. (51) Asbar, Moll, Plaum, Schultheiss and Gertrud Asbar. Clipping:
1961. Accused of spying on British and Canadian troops for the Soviets.
22. (52) Felfe-Clemens Case (arrests 1961, trial 1963). Felfe exchanged
1969. Newspaper clippings, Der Spiegel article: 1961-1971. Concerning
Felfe and his place in Gehlens organization, and his trial. Note:
German newspaper articles were Cookridges photocopies of the originals
and were fading, so they have been re-photocopied.
23. (53) Pripoltzev (1959-1961). Exchanged 1962.Clippings: 1960-62.
Copy of Cookridge typescript entitled The Pripoltzev Case: A Spy
for a Spy (Original in Series 5, Box 30, File 31 of this collection);
an account of his exchange.
24. (55) Horst Eitner (Blake case) 1959-1961. For Blake see Boxes 2A
and 2B and Box 58, Section 1, Envelope 6. This envelope is empty.
25. (56) Herbert and Maria Kühn, Rosalie Kunze (1961). Arrest and conviction
of Kunze; English reports of the trial and conviction of the Kühns as
part of the same spy ring.
26. (57) Col. Von Hinckeldet, Furhmann, 1961. Empty envelope. See Envelope
22, this Section.
27. (60) Dr. Ursula Nenninger, Heinz Werner (1961-1962). Clipping on
their sentencing on charges of spying for East Germany.
28. D60 Gehlen Intelligence: Defections Gunther Männel (1962).
Clippings: 1961-1962. He defected from East Germany; also the defection
of an unnamed Polish Spy Chief.
29. (61) Spying on B.A.O.R. (1962). Clippings: 1962-1963. The arrest
of East Germans spying on the British Army on the Rhine; questioning
of a British corporal about alleged secrets offences.
30. (62) USAF Capt. Kauffmann (1962). Clipping: 1962. Arrest, trial
and conviction of Joseph Kauffmann; evidence given by Männel.
31. (69) Official Announcements, 1962. Eastern Bloc spies; breaking
five Communist spy rings and unmasking 304 agents; letter, in German,
from Der Bundesminister des Innern Pressereferat
to Ridder Newspapers of California at Cookridges address, about
Soviet spying.
32. (70) BAOR (1963) Karel Dubsky. Articles about Czech agents Dubsky
and Bohumil Jurezka.
33. (71) Journalists Case (1963): Neuhof, Burau, Müller, Schmidt.
The arrest of 11 East German journalists in West Germany on spying charges.
34. (73) Alfred Svenson (1963) US Captain. Defector. Newspaper clipping:
1963.
35. (80) Soviet Spies in Germany: I. A. Morozov (1964). Clipping: 1964.
Russian expulsion of a senior West German diplomat because West Germany
expelled Morozov.
36. (81) Alfred Weise (1964). Sentenced as an East German spy.
37. (82) Dr. Erich Helbig (arrest 1963, trial 1965); Chancellery official;
NATO plans. His arrest, trial and sentencing for spying for the Soviets.
38. (83) Glen R. Roher (1965) US sergeant, defector to the DDR. Clipping:
1965. He defected to Czechoslovakia.
39. (85) Official Announcements for 1964, also figures for 1959, 1961,
1962, and 1963. Soviet spy activities for the year, including figures
for previous years.
40. (88) Sgt. Robert Lee Johnson (US Intelligence), who served also
in Paris and Washington, betrayed operation 1011. Tried 1965, sentenced
to 25 years. Connection to Wendland, Lubke suicide. Clippings: 1969,
1975. Mention of Johnson in connection with Felfe; discussion of Johnsons
spying activities.
41. (90) Policeman W; tried 1966, worked 1954-1966. Photocopy
of 1967 article from Innere Sicherheit about W.
42. (91) Sgt Beckenhaupt: Malinin (1965). Empty envelope.
43. (92) 1966. The breakup of a Soviet spy ring in West Germany.
44. (93) Official Analysis for 1966; issued August 1967. Report on spy
activities in 1966.
45. (96) Peter Katelhön (arrested 1966; tried 1967). Clippings: 1967.
His spying for East Germany.
46. (98) Rolf Richard Voigt (1967) Dep. Chmn NPD. Innere Sicherheit
article reporting his sentencing.
47. (100) Hans Bergschmidt (1967). Betrayed his father, employed by
Gehlen. Clippings: 1967. Sentencing of Bergschmidt for spying in East
Germany, and for betraying his father, to East Germany.
48. (101) Doris Ackermann (1967). Friend of NATO officers. Clipping:
1967 arrest; charge of spying for the Russians; Cookridges notation:
Sentenced to 15 months.
49. (102) Krashennikov (1967). Russian complaints that West Germany
had tried to make him a double spy.
50. (103) Bad Godesberg Ring (1967). Report on the Russian spy ring
in the town.
51. (104) Hansheinz Porst (1967-1968). Photographic Mail Orders;
trial May 1969, released 31/10/1970. Clippings: 1967-1970. Owned mail-order
photographic business, was a millionaire; Porst admitted he was a Communist
sentenced to 33 months for spying for East Germany; served about half
his sentence; convicted along with Alfred Pilny and Peter Neumann; articles
about his activities; notes (Cookridge) about Porst, Pilny, Neumann,
and Findeison.
52. (105) Evgeny Runge (defected October 1967). Clippings: 1967-1969.
Runge defected to the USA; Sütterlin provided NATO documents obtained
through his wife, who worked in the Bonn Foreign Office; arrested as
a KGB spy; indicated as a likely person to be exchanged for West Germans
held in Russia, but flatly refused to go to Moscow; his wife committed
suicide in prison; Runge under heavy protection in the USA; and testified
to the German court in Sutterlins trial; it was feared the Soviets
might execute him if he reappeared in Germany. Innere Sicherheit
has an article on both men, and Cookridge has handwritten notes on them,
with separate notes on Runges TV interview upon publication of
his memoirs in Stern.
53. (106) Heinz and Eleonore Sütterlin (1967). Newspaper clippings and
copies of press wire releases: 1967-1969. Results of Runges defection:
the arrest of four spies, including: Leopold Pieschel, the Sütterlins,
and Martin Markgraf. Lore Sütterlin hanged herself after her arrest,
and Heinz refused to accept a spy swap if it meant going back to Moscow;
his trial; Runges testimony. Note: Cookridges handwritten
notes and also typed extracts and paraphrases from a Der Spiegel
article have been re-photocopied because of quality issues with
the original photocopy.
54.(107) Leopold Pieschel and Martin Markgraf. Photocopy of an article
of October 1967, on Pieschel and his brother-in-law Markgraf.
55. (108) Official Analysis of 1967, issued September, 1968. Clippings:
1967-1968. The number of spies estimated to be in West Germany, and
the number defecting to the West in the past 10 years; Innere Sicherheit
articles summarizing spying activities for 1967 and 1968.
56.(109) Otokar Sverčina (1968).Clippings: 1968-1969. He and Miroslaw
Moc were arrested on suspicion of spying for the Czechs.
57. (110) Manfred Ramminger, Wolf-Diethard Knoppe (Starfighter)
1967-1968. Sentenced to four years in October 1970, exchanged 1971 along
with Josef Linowski; the theft of the NATO Sidewinder missile; its shipment
(by air freight) to Moscow; the arrest, trial and sentencing of those
concerned.
58. (111) William Lehmann, 1968. Exchanged 1969. Released after spying
for East Germany; biographical notes on Lehmann (Cookridge); his activities;
interactions with other spies.
59. (113) Gudrun Heidel (died December 1968 in accident)
Murdered? Body exchanged. Clippings: 1968-1970. Killed in a railroad
accident, her body was exchanged for two West German spies; later admitted
that she had been executed by East Germany, pushed into the path of
a train.
60. (114) Knut Hahnemann (1968) Policeman, Berlin. His spy activities.
61. (115) Friedrich and Margrethe Nickel (1968) Stealing NATO documents
since 1965. Clippings: 1968. Re their spying activities.
62. (116) Gerhard and Vera Schmidt (1968) Exchanged. Recruited in 1956,
by 1960, she was in France as Sonya; arrested 1968.
63. (117) Rudolf Riemann and Rosemarie Kraus. R.E.M.E. (Royal Electrical
and Mechanical Engineers), arrested 1967, tried 1968. Exchanged (see
this Section, Envelope 74) and appeared with Gottfried on television
Clippings: 1968-1970. He was a civilian employee of R.E.M.E. for about
six years.
64. (118) Josef Eitzenberger, scientist (arrest 1968, trial 1970). Clippings:
1968-1970. Professional engineer; in electronics from Austria; worked
for 10 years near Moscow; went to the Batelle Institute in Frankfurt;
it was suspected he had spied for the Soviets for 10 years; orders during
trial for a medical examination; very badly damaged both physically
and psychologically.
65. (119) Giesela Mock (arrested 1968) Clerk in Defense Ministry. Clippings:
1968. Her arrest; Note by Cookridge that she was released by mistake
and disappeared into East Germany.
66. (127) Otto and Hert Nordmann (1968); exchanged. Clipping: 1968.
Biographical information on Otto Nordmann.
67. (128) Harald Gottfried (1968); exchanged. Gottfried appeared on
East Berlin TV with Riemann and Krause; see envelope # 117. Clippings:
1968-1970. German clippings about him; note (Cookridge) of his two-year
sentence, and exchange after 10 days.
68. (129) Karl and Erna Driehaus (1969); exchanged.. Clippings: 1969-1970.
The arrest of both Driehauses and Hans Voelkner; their activities.
69. (130) Y.N. Voronzov. Head of KGB in Germany; arrested 1969. His
double life as diplomat and KGB agent; other Soviet spy diplomats; his
death in a car accident; Soviet complaints about identification of diplomats
as spies.
70. Ekhard Konopka (1969) Staff N.C.C. in Bundesheer, went into trap
of DDR agent. Clipping: 1969. Information about Ekhard and Helga Konopka.
71. (133) Hans Voelkner (1969) arrest in Paris; trial 1970. Exchanged
1974. Clippings 1969-1974 Arrest; conviction; exchange of Voelkner.
See also Bamler, Hans; exchanged together.
72. (134) Austria: Alois Euler. Clipping: 1969. His sentence for spying.
73. (135) Thomas E. Cavanaugh. Clipping: 1969. US sergeant in Berlin;
his defection to East Germany.
74. (136) Gerhard Prager (1969). Industrial spy. Convicted and later
exchanged.
75. (137) Spy Ring discovered after defection of Rupert Sigl. Clipping:
1969. List of Communist agents Sigl exposed after his defection.
76. (139) 16 KGB and GRU spies Clippings: 1958-1969. Pictures of Soviet
spies with article.
77. (140) Lindner, Schultz, Widemann (1970) Spy ring inside Bonn government.
Head of the ring: Rolf Guhre. Arrested March 1970. Exchange offers:
see Driehard; exchanged December, 1972. See also Guhre (envelope #112).
Clippings: 1970-1972. Liane Lindner and her group of spies; debtors
as spies; Lindners exchange; identification of Lindner as Ingeborg
Weber, a Lt. Col. In East German Intelligence; Lindners activities.
78. (141) Hasso Schlesinger (1970). Clipping: March, 1970. His arrest.
79. (142) Dieter Joachim Haase. Clippings: April, 1970. His arrest.
80. (143) Wladislaw Pieterwas, Polish spy. Clipping: April, 1970. His
arrest.
81. (144) Walter and Ingrid Medler, Clipping: June, 1970. Caught shoplifting;
spied on NATO; arrested; indication of exchange.
82. (145) Dr. Gottfried Sommer, East German from Dresden, Clipping:
April, 1970. His arrest in West Berlin.
83. (146) Sgt. Hugo Preisler in Munich. Clipping: 1970. His arrest and
suicide.
84. (148) Thomas MacDonald Smith, British soldier in Berlin. Clipping:
November, 1970. His arrest.
85. (149) Piotr F. Borowinsky, First Secretary, expelled in 1970. Cpl.
Daniel Walczak (1970) sent Bundeswehr wireless telegraph set to Russia;
freed 1971. Clippings: 1971-1972. The theft of West German leopard tank
secrets by Borowinsky; the involvement of the Walczaks.
86. (150) Erika Melitta Ossendriver, spied for Hungary in West Germany.
Sentenced in 1970, deported to South Africa. Clippings: 1970-1971. Held
in custody after her repatriation.
87. (155) Rolf Dresser, Heinz Winkelmann (1971). Clipping: August, 1971.
Their arrests and exchange.
Section 2: Soviet Spies in Western Europe
1. Clippings: 1948-1978. Reports of Soviet espionage in Western European
countries.
2. Spy Cities: Vienna; Basle, Switzerland. Clippings: undated.
3. Austria. Clippings: 1959-1968.
4. Austria: Josef Adamek (1968). Empty envelope. See Gehlen: Sveřina..
5. Austria: Alois Kahr, Head of Cipher Department, Austrian Foreign
Ministry. Clipping: 1969. His arrest.
6. Austria: Otto Verber (1949), Kurt Ponger (1953), Walter Lauber. Arrests
of all three; notes by Cookridge about the case.
7. Belgium: Alexander Salik, representative of the Soviet Baltic Line,
Brussels. Saliks departure from Brussels.
8. Finland. Clippings: 1954-1956. Spies in Finland; spy trial to be
held there.
9. France. Clippings: 1947-1978, and undated. Spies, mainly Soviet,
in France; efforts by French Communists, Iron Curtain embassies, and
citizens; notes on French Communists (Cookridge).
10. France: Expulsions after British warning (Feb. 1972) Frances
response after Britain expelled 105 Soviets in September, 1971and the
defection of Lyalin; Military Attaché Col. Rylev, Counsellor A. Krokhin,
press attaché V. Romanov; case of Claude Gaillerdreau, an engineer at
Atomic Energy; UNESCO cases. Clippings: 1972.
11. France: Clipping: 1979. Rolf Dobertin, nuclear physicist, arrested
with his wife; West German Bernard Richter, deported to Germany. See
defection: Lt. Stiller of East German State Security; arrests of spies
in Germany.
12. France: Lt. Col. Evgeny Mironkin, at Orly Air Show, Clipping: May
1973. His arrest.
13. France: Georges Paques (1963) Deputy NATO press chief. Clipping:
1963. The Paques affair.
14. France: Jan Rodak. Clipping: 1970. Second Secretary in Paris; Frances
demand for his recall for spying.
15. Greece. Clippings: 1952-1975 Communist (therefore Soviet) spies
in Greece; book review: Kousoulas, G. Revolution and Defeat: the
Story of the Greek Communist Party. McMaster Library Call #: DF850.K65
16. Greece: Cyprus. Clipping: 1967. Russian and Syrian anti-NATO spy
activities in Cyprus and Greece.
17. Belgium. Antwerp office, for transit to Portugal (1975), Viatcheslav
Makiev, head of Transworld Marine Company. Clipping: Sept. 1975. His
expulsion from Antwerp.
18. Holland: Boris Netrebsky, V.S. Sharovatov; connection with NATO.
Clipping: 1970. His expulsion from Holland.
19. Italy. Clippings: 1952-1972. Communist spying activities in Italy.
20. Italy. Konstantin Manachov (1969). His expulsion from Italy for
spying.
21. Scandinavia, General. Clippings: 1951-1977, and undated. Soviet
spying activities in the region. Notes about Dr. Arne Halvorsen.
22. Scandinavia: Andersson case, in Sweden. Clippings: 1951. Anderssons
trial.
23 Scandinavia: Enbom case (Sweden). Clippings: 1952-1978, and undated.
Accounts of Fritiof Enbom and Soviet spying in Sweden.
24. Sweden: General. Clippings: 1976-1978. Soviet spying in Sweden.
25. Sweden. Col. Stig Wennerstrøm case. Clippings: 1964-1970. Espionage
activities; his trial and sentencing; double spy activities
for Russia and the United States.
26. Switzerland: General. Clippings: 1955-1978. Soviet espionage activities
in Switzerland; note with Cookridges notation See Jeanmaire,
1976.
27. Switzerland. Brig. Jeanmaire, arrest (1976) of former Swiss Air
Force Chief, Brigadier J. L. Jeanmaire. Clippings: 1976-1977. His arrest
for spying, and sentencing.
28. Switzerland. Rudolf Lucy Roessler, spying during the
War. Clippings: 1966-1967. Lucys activities for the Russians during
WW II.
29. Switzerland: Maurice Saurel (1969), Evgeni Kotchegarov (Geneva).
Clippings: 1969. His arrest.
30. Switzerland: Sterlikov, Croitoru (1970); Swiss official, Dr. M.
Buttex and an unnamed woman.
31. Yugoslavia. Clipping: 1949, and undated.
32. Peter Rullman; Der Spiegel correspondent in Belgrade; sentenced
to 6 years in 1971, pardoned 6 months later. Clippings: 1971.
Section 3: Soviet Spies in America
Soviet Spies in the USA:
1.General. Clippings: 1946-1978, and undated. Soviet spying activities
in the USA; article by J. Edgar Hoover about spies in America; official
articles on Soviet espionage; notes (Cookridge) on Soviet espionage
in the USA.
2. Diplomats: in Washington, at UNO. Clippings: 1953-1960, and undated.
Articles on Soviet diplomats.
3. In the United Nations. Clippings:1962-1967. Russian spying activities
at the United Nations.
4. Government: Hiss, etc. Alger Hiss, his efforts to be cleared of spy
charges; his conviction; Senate sub-committee on Internal Security;
its investigation of the Institute for Pacific Relations (I.P.R.).
5. Submarine secrets (May, 1978). Rudolf Petrovich Chernayev, Valdik
Alexandrovich Enger indicted. Clipping: 1978. Their arrest, trial and
conviction.
6. William Campiles, former CIA agent. Clipping: 1978. His arrest, trial,
and conviction.
7. Andrew Lee, sentenced to life, July 1977; Christopher Boyce. CIA
codes for KGB; trials of Lee and Boyce.
8. Cruise missile (July, 1977): Carl John Heiser, Carl Lutz Weischenberg.
Their arrests.
9. Ivan Rogalsky, Soviet immigrant; gave RCA Space Center (Princeton)
secrets to Soviet diplomat Yevgeny Petrovich Karpov of the UN delegation.
Clipping: 1977. Report of Rogalskys arrest and arraignment.
10. Edwin Moore (1976-1977), ex-CIA man, discovered when leaving parcel
at Soviet embassy in Washington; the Russians believed it to be a bomb;
investigations after his arrest.
11. In United Nations: Abdulhalik Gadzhivey, Eduard Charchyan, Armenians
born in Lebanon but at Russian UN Mission. Clipping: 1975. Their arrest.
12. Walter Perkins (1971) Airman. Clipping: 1971. His arrest.
13. Sgt. Boekenhaupt, London link. Clippings: 1966-1967. His arrest
and trial; the expulsion of Alexey Malinin, his Russian contact.
14. Recent cases. Clipping: 1968. Russia has 400 spies in the USA.
15. Col. Abel; exchanged 1962, died 1971. Clippings: 1957-1972. His
arrest; spying activities; sentencing; 1962 exchange for Gary Powers;
Abels life in Moscow; his death in 1971; report on spies honoring
Richard Sorge in Berlin, 1964.
16. Igor Melech (UN Organization: 1960). Clipping: 1961. Notes (Cookridge)
about the case.
17. Igor L. Andreyev, Counsellor, UN delegation; expelled August, 1969.
His expulsion from the USA; retaliatory expulsion of Milton Koyner from
the US embassy in Moscow.
18. Alexander Tikhomirov (1969). United Nations official, expelled;
released Feb. 1970. Arrest in Seattle; incarceration; release on condition
that he left the US immediately.
19. Col Whalen. Clipping: 1966. His arrest and names of his Soviet contacts:
Sergei Edenski, and Mikhail Shumaev.
20. Pisk (CSR): Mrkva (1961-1966): bugging State Department. Clippings:
1966. Czech attempts to bug the State Department; used the
US double agent, Frank John Mrkva.
21. Scarbeck. Clippings: 1961. His arrest and sentencing.
22. List of double agents. Cookridges list of double agents in
Europe.
Section 4: Atom Spies
1. Fuchs case. Clippings: 1959-1975. Fuchs departure from England
after release from prison; life and activities in East Germany.
2. Gold, Greenglass and Rosenberg case. Clippings: 1951-1978, and undated.
The trial; conviction; execution of the Rosenbergs; efforts of their
sons to obtain documents in the case.
3. Pontecorvo case. Clippings: 1956-1978, and undated. His defection;
flight; life in the Soviet Union.
4. Morton Sobell (1950); arrested with Atom Spies Greenglass, Rosenbergs,
etc. Connection with Col. Abel; released in 1969. Clippings: 1962-1969.
Efforts to have him released; parole after 18 years in jail.
5. Canadian spy ring, and Dr. Nunn May case. Clippings: 1947-1965.
Section 5: Soviet Spies in the Middle East
1. General. Clippings: 1955-1978, and undated. Soviet activities in
the Middle East; Cookridges synopsis for a proposed series of
four articles on the Red Conspiracy in the Middle East;
notes about Vinogradov; Irans breaking up of a spy ring.
2. Lebanon: Mirage Case (1969): Alexander Komiakov, Vladimir Vassilyev.
Clippings: 1969. Plot to steal a Mirage fighter (aircraft); expulsion
of the Russians involved.
3. Sergei Kiktev: in Beirut, formerly Ankara, directing Cyprus; Cookridges
note; and Kiktevs home address in Ankara.
4. Cyprus. Clippings: 1956. Kiktevs activities in Cyprus.
4. Egypt. Clippings: 1956, 1965, and undated. Communist activities in
Egypt.
6. Soviet spies in Egypt, expelled 1971/72. Clipping: 1972. Egyptian
demands departure of five senior Soviet advisers because
of their spying activities.
7. Syria, General. Empty Envelope.
8. Syria. Connection with KGB (Serov). Clippings: 1957. Ivan Serovs
meetings in Syria with Syrian and Jordanian dissidents, planning coups.
Box 60
Section 1: Soviet Spies in Other Countries
1. Continental Africa: General. Clippings: 1962-1977. Communist efforts
to influence African countries. Notes (Cookridge) on the KGB in Africa,
for the BBC.
2. South Africa: General. Clippings: 1956-1957. Soviet anti-government
activities.
3. South Africa: Loginov (1967). He was exchanged, via London, in July,
1969. Clippings: 1967-1969. Yuri Loginovs arrest; revelations
about KGB agents; his eventual exchange for 10 West German agents; dossier
on Loginov and his exchange (Cookridge); Collection of Cookridges
notes, possibly part of the basis for the dossier.
4. Africa: Zanzibar, Tanzania. Clippings: 1964-1965. Pro-Communist coup;
became the government; provided aid to others; notes (Cookridges)
on Russian influences in the area.
5. Africa: Congo. Clippings: 1965, and undated. Shipments of arms by
the Communists to Congo rebels; other supports by them.
6. Africa: Sudan. Clipping: 1955. Soviet diplomats go to the Sudan.
7. Japan: General. Clippings: 1951-1976. Communist political and spying
activities.
8. Japan: Rastvorov. Clippings: 1954. Rastvorovs defection to
the USA.
9. South America: General. Clippings: 1961, 1970. Reports of Soviet
spying.
10. Central America: General. Clipping: 1969. Increasing Soviet influence
in Cuba.
11. East Asia: General. Clipping: 1975. Report of 100 KGB agents infiltrating
the Thai student movement and unions.
12. Sorge case. Clippings: 1951-1966, and undated. Richard Sorge, a
German who spied on the Japanese for the Russians; Cookridges
1966 critique of the book: The Real Richard Sorge, by S.
Golyakov and V. Ponizovsky.
13. Australia. Letter: 1974. Copy of original letter from John Ruffles
to Cookridge re writing about Soviet spies in Australia; his request
for assistance in obtaining parliamentary records of speeches; outline
of Cookridges reply. Note: Original in Series 3, Box 21B, File
32.
Section 2: Against NATO
Soviet Spies Against NATO:
1. General. Clippings: 1971-1978. Article (Cookridge): The Secret
Way to Retaliate.
2. Vladimir Ivanovich Rybatchenko, UNESCO official in Paris, expelled
from France (1977). Clipping: 1977. His activities and expulsion.
3. Valerian Kuzniak and Manfred Kneufelmann, arrested in Multi-Role-Combat-Aircraft
(Tornado) case, in Germany. Clippings: 1976-1978. Spying
on the Tornado aircraft; press releases about development
and production of the aircraft. See also: Box 59, Section 2, Envelope
27.
4. Tightening of Security: NATO maps used as wrappers, NATO documents
sent back in Bonn, other problems. Clippings: 1970-1975.
5. James Creegan, Irish national, working in Brussels with Eurocontrol,
an air and naval navigation safety organization. Clipping: 1975. His
arrest and detention.
6. Lutz Brettschneider: tried to buy Phantoms. Trial, Nov. 1975, sentenced
to 2 years. Was helped by Mechker, who got suspended sentence. Clippings:
1974-1975. Arrest; sentencing; Cookridges notes about the case.
7. Kwiatkowski, Polish Col. Asst Military Attaché in Brussels (1970-1971).
Clipping: 1970. His arrest.
8. Boris Savitch, in Brussels. Arrested 25 March, 1970, expelled April
(possibly exchanged). Spy plot; Savitchs arrest and expulsion.
9. Various cases: in Iceland, at Baltic base. Clipping: 1963. Soviet
spying in Iceland, Norway, and a West German Baltic base.
10. Suppression of British film on NATO (1969). Clipping: 1969. Suppression
of a Tyne-Tees television film on NATO.
11. Francis Roussilhe, in Brussels (1969); sentenced to 20 years, in
Paris 20/1/71. Clippings: 1971. His arrest; trial; sentencing; arrest
of seven others for spying for Rumania.
12. Cmdr. Robert Keundiger, West German Navy, defected to East. Clipping:
May 1969. His disappearance.
13. Defection of Major H. J. Kruse (1969). Clippings: 1969-1971. His
defection to East Germany; return to West Germany in 1970
14. Unnamed defector blows NATO spy ring. Clipping: 1969.
The round-up of alleged spies.
15. Arrests outside Germany: Italy, Switzerland, Denmark, and Sweden
(1968-1969).
16. Ehrenfried Petras, Dr. Peter Möbius, Dr. Herbert Patzelt (1968).
Scientists defect to East Germany. Clippings: 1968-1969.
17. Nihat Imre, Turkish NATO official (1968). Clippings: 1968-1969.
His arrest; Kim Philbys possible organization of Soviet espionage
within NATO; suicide of two West German officials: General Wendland
(#2 in German Secret Service), and Admiral Luedke; unrelated clipping
on the conviction of an unnamed Syrian in Turkey for spying for Russia.
18. Admiral Luedke, General Wendland, and others. Clippings: 1968, undated.
Their deaths; resulting fallout: more spy investigations and more suicides;
notes on Luedke and others by Cookridge.
19. Germany: theft from Starfighter: Knoppe, Ramminger, Linowsky (1967-1968).
Ramminger and Linowsky exchanged 1971. Clippings: 1968. Sidewinder
missile theft has Cookridges notes; more information on the Nabit
Imre, Wendland, Luedke scandal.
20. Belgium. SHAPE spy ring, Anatoli Ogorodnikov (of TASS) Clippings:
1967. His arrests; the spy ring.
21. Italy: NATO spy ring, Rinaldi (1967). Clippings 1967, undated. Release
of 300 names of Soviet agents in NATO.
22. First NATO spy ring (1967) Pieschel, Suetterlin, etc. Empty Envelope.
See East German Intelligence: Mielke envelope: Box 49, Section 3, Envelope
2.
23. Stashchak, Stefan (Polish, arrested in Luxembourg) 1967. Innere
Sicherheit article about Stashchak.
24. France. Paris Net (Concorde), 1967. Bammler, Marianne
and Hans (Saxon Cat, Doll spy); Herbert Steinbreker/Steinbucher/
or Steinbrzecher, Peter and Renee Kranick. Some exchanged 1969; others
in 1974. Clippings: 1967-1977. Spy exchanges; the latest was Concordski
at the 1977 Paris Air Show. 1964 photo of Herbert Steinbucher found
in Box 2, File 23.
25. Spy Ring 1967. Empty envelope.
26. France. Concorde 1968: Operation Brunhilde: Soupert,
Steinbreker. Empty envelope. See Industrial Espionage Boxes
41A&B, Files 15, 16.
Section 3: Defections
Soviet Spies: Defections:
1. D1: General, before World War II. Empty envelope.
2. D2: First defector: Boris Bazhanov (Series 1976, by G.
Brook-Shepherd, apparently from old book Avec Staline dans le
Kremline, Paris 1930. References to Trotsky. Clippings: 1976.
First Man Over the Kremlin Wall.
3. D3: Defections: Alexander Barmine (1937). 1948 (September) article
by Barmine.
4. D4: Defections: General Desertions during the war. Empty envelope.
5. First Defector (1928). Gregoire Bessedovsky, diplomat, Chargé daffairs,
Paris. Copy of an article by Bessedovsky, I was a Soviet Diplomat,
La Page Internationale Paris, 16 pp.; photographic reproduction of his
International Refugee Certificate.
6. Bessedovsky, Gregoire. The original carbon copy of article in Envelope
5 above.
7. D6: Viktor Kravchenko (1944). Suicide Feb., 1966, in New York. I
chose Freedom. Clipping: 1966. His life, and his suicide.
8. D10: Desertions after the war. Clippings: 1948-1961, and undated.
9. D11: Igor Gouzenko (Ottawa, 1945). Canadian Spy Ring. Clippings:
1965-1972. His defection; his later life.
10. D13: Konstantin Volkov, Vice-Consul, Istanbul (1945). 1967 clipping
about Volkov and Philbys involvement after Volkovs attempted
defection: the first sign of Philbys pro-Soviet activities. ).
See also Philby Box 58, Section 2, Envelope 8.
11. D20: Valentin Gonzales, El Campesino (1948).
12. D21: Josef Josten (1948), Czech diplomat, became Secretary of the
Independent Information Centre. Clipping: 1962.
13. D22: Oksana Stepanova Kosenkina and Mihail Ivanovich Samarin (1948,
USA).
14. D30: German Intelligences Gehlen turnarounds:
Akhimov, Shaposhnikov, Markin, Tseleyev, Astrachov, Vassilyev, Lysenko,
Tokayev (1952 crop). Defections from the Eastern bloc.
15. D35: Vladimir and Eudokia Petrov, Australian Spy ring, 1954.
16. D36: Gehlens defectors: Peter Derabian, 1954; Kravtsov-Kovalev,
Vienna. Derabian wrote The Secret World with Frank Gibney;
Doubleday, 1959. Cookridges biographical notes about these defectors,
their activities and contacts.
17. D40: Dr. A. F. Biryukov, in Hull. Clipping: 1957. His defection.
18. D45: Dr. Jan Maier, Czech diplomat in Teheran (1958? In London).
Clippings: May, 1959.
19. D46: Lt. Col. Siegfried Dombrowski (1958); gave list of agents,
including Capt. Ludwig. Empty envelope. See Box 35, File 6.
20. D50: Paul Monat (1959); defected in Vienna. Clipping: 1962. Monats
spying activities in Washington, DC.
21. D51: Capt. and Nina Dmitriev, London, 1958. Clipping: 1959. Mrs.
Dmitrievs refusal to return to Russia after her husbands
recall to Moscow.
22. D55: Col. Michal Goleniewski, connected with Skarbek, Poland, naval
case, 1960. Clippings: 1961-1964, undated. Articles about Goleniewski;
notes by Cookridge onThe Espionage Establishment by D. Wise
and T.B. Rose (McMaster Call #: UB 270.W56); also note about G. Richardss
book Imperial Agent: The Goleniewski-Romanov Case. See also
Vassall/Mikhalski, Box 55, Section 8, Envelope 2.
23. D56: Gunther Siegewasser, son of the State Secretary in the East
Berlin Ministry for Church Affairs, and Horst Durban, reporter for the
Communist television service (1960).
24. D57: Penkovsky. Clipping: 1965-1976. Penkovsky; his memoirs. See
also Wynne, British Secret Service, Box 42B, File 26.
25. D58: Scientist Lenchevsky, London, 1961.
26. D59: Viktor Stizhko, Russian skipper, left in Gibraltar, 1961.
27. D61: Judge Horst Hetzar, Berlin, 1961. Defected with his family.
28. D62: Ignat Ovsyannikov, 1961, London. Defected with his British
wife.
29. D63: Rudolph Nuryev, ballet dancer, Paris, 1961. Clippings: 1961-1963.
His fears of abduction by Russian agents; branding as a traitor by the
Russian authorities.
30. Anatoly Dolnytzin, 1962-1963. Empty envelope. See Vassall, and German
Intelligence: Gehlens agents, Box 55, Section 8, Envelope 2.
31. D65: Gunther Männel, Berlin, June 1961. Clipping of his identity
card under the alias Lange.
32. D66: Anatoli Dolnitsin, 1962. Clippings: 1963-1968. His defection;
notes (Cookridge) from The Espionage Establishment q.v.
See also Philby, Box 58, Section 2.
33. D67: Jerzy Bryn, 1962, Polish diplomat.
34. D70: Konstantin Silkov, seaman, defected in 1963 at Kings
Lynn.
35. D71: Yuri Krotkov; defected 1963 in London. Wrote book. Clipping:
1970. Article by Krotkov about his life in the KGB.
36. D75: Svetlana Ushikova, 1963, Guinea. Her defection; Russian attempts
to force her back to the Soviet Union.
37. D76: Dr. Manfred Waechter, defected 1964 in Grimsby.
38. D77: Yuri Asseyev, professor, defected 1964, USA. His attempted
suicide.
39. D78: Yuri Nossenko, aide to Tsarapin; defected 1964 in Geneva. Kept
3 years in solitary confinement by the CIA because he was believed not
to be genuine. Appeared in 1975 on BBC1-TV. Clippings: 1964-1976. His
defection; BBC experience, and his comments about the KGB.
40. D79: Cecil Sharpley, former member of the Australian Communist Party.
Clippings: undated. Methods by which Communists control trade unions;
defection of Mr. Rosa of the Czech embassy staff in London,
and his wife.
41. D83: Major Laszlo Szabo, Hungarian Intelligence, 1965. Hungarian
students sent to London, Clipping: 1967. Attempts to plant spies in
British universities.
42. D84: Leonid Vladimirov, journalist, defected in London, 1966. Wifes
planned visit to him in England; her apparent ambivalence.
43. D85: Wladyslaw Tykocinski. RFE typescript: July, 1966. His defection
to Germany; his opinions on matters concerning the Soviet Union.
44. D90: Leonid Vladimirov Finkelstein, editor, defected June 1966 in
London. Report of his open letter to Kosygin to get his family to join
him in London.
45. D92: Olga Farmanovskaya, defected in Beirut, Lebanon, 1966; widow
of officer executed after Penkovsky case.
46. Ivan Dmitriyevich Mikheyev, defected in London, 1967, returned to
USSR autumn, 1969. Clippings: 1968-1969.
47. D96: Aziz Ulug-Zare, defected in New Delhi, 1967. Clippings: 1967-1968.
His defection; himself; description of the Institute of Oriental Languages
in Moscow, 1968.
48. D98: Tkachenko, 1967; Lyalin connection, 1972. A foiled Russian
attempt to abduct him; poison administered to him at the Russian embassy;
his ?enforced return to Russia, because they had the antidote.
49. D99: General, but see German Intelligence: Gehlen. 1967: Clipping:
1967.
50. D100: Gen. Sejna, defected to the USA, 1968. Probably gave away
NATO traitors Ludke, Turk, etc. Clippings: 1968-1975. His defection;
resulting deaths and resignations in Czechoslovakia; his revelations
of Soviet plans.
51. D103: Arkady Belinkov (writer, London, 1968); accuses KGB of assassination
attempt. Clipping: 1970. KGB attempt; his death later in the year.
52. D104 Nicolai Sharegin, London, 1969. Clippings: 1969-1970. His detention
in Russia; trial; sentencing; attempts to return to Britain.
53. D105: Rupert Sigl (Berlin, 1969). Clipping: 1969.
54. D106: Frau Wieczorek, in Germany (wife of Hand Wieczorek). Clipping:
1969. See also D112 below.
55. D107: Unnamed Czech official, who defected in Austria and smashed
the Soviet spy ring in West Germany. (1969). Clipping: 1969.
56. D108: Hungarian defectors in London, 1969: Miklos Szakats, Geza
Partos. Clippings: 1969 Szakats and his wife; Partos and his family.
57. D109: Broz, Head of CSR Passport department, hiding
in London. Clipping: 1969.
58. D110: Anatoly Kuznetsov.(1969). Clippings: 1969-1970. His defection;
Andrei Amalriks denial of being an informer for the KGB, after
he wrote an open letter to Kuznetsov.
59. D111: Eugene Sleptzov (1969), Trade Delegate in London (returned
to the Soviet Union).
60. D112: Fritz Guhre in Germany; reported January 1970. He betrayed
Lindner, Schultz, WiedemannClippings: 1970. His defection; the spy rings
he revealed. See also D106 above.
61. Russians, General. Clippings 1959-1978. Cookridges notes about
Goleniewski, Runge, Sütterlin, Lyalin, and Frolic.
62. East Bloc, General. Clippings: 1973-1978, and undated. Defections
from Eastern Bloc countries, except Germany and Poland.
63. Polish, General. Clippings: 1974-1977.
64. Mikhail Baryshnikov. Clippings: 1974. His defection in Canada.
65. Viktor Korchnoy. Clippings: 1976.
66. Athletes. Clippings: 1972-1976. The return of Nemtsanov, a young
diver.
67. British Intelligence Anti-Terrorist Counter-espionage
reports on Georgi Markov, the Hungarian defector who was stabbed in
London by a poisoned umbrella. Clippings: 1978. Markovs death;
subsequent investigations; accusations of murder against Bulgarian agents;
the death of Vladimir Simeonov by the same means.
68. General Ion Pacepa (1978), Deputy Chief of Romanian Intelligence.
Clipping: 1978. Purge at the top level in Romania; Pacepas defection;
its aftermath in the Romanian government.
69 Arkady Shevchenko (1978) Deputy Secretary General of the United Nations.
Clipping: 1978. His defection; its aftermath: his wifes suicide,
his involvement with a call-girl.
70. Svetozar Simko, Czech journalist at Ceteka, and self-confessed
agent of Czechoslovak Military Intelligence Clipping: Feb. 1977. His
defection; exposure of an East European espionage network.
71. Vladimir Bukovsky. Clipping: Dec. 1976. Exchange for Chilean Luis
Corvalan; Bukovskys reaction to his release; the reaction of Western
Communist parties. See also: Soviet Dissidents, Box 54, Section 1, Envelope
11.
72. Viktor Ivanovich Belenkov (1976). Soviet airman who brought his
MiG 25 to Japan and asked for asylum in the USA. Clippings: 1976-1977.
Defection with his MiG 25 Foxbat aircraft; his asylum in
the USA; unrelated clipping about a Russian Army pilot, Ivanovich Zochimov,
defecting to Persia.
73. General, in West Germany. Mentioned: Col. Heim, Lt. Fleischer, Golitzin,
Szabo. Empty Envelope.
74. Lt. Yevgeny Lvoich, pilot of SU-7 in W. Germany. Clipping: May,
1973.
75. France/Britain. Anatoli Fedoseyev. Missile expert, defected at Paris
Airshow (1971), came to Britain. Clippings: 1971. His defection; articles
about Soviet Science.
76. Clippings: 1971. Lives of high-level Soviet defectors.
77. Alexey Myagkov, escaped 1974 in Berlin to the British. He revealed
NATO spying, wrote book Inside the KGB (1976). Was a Captain
in the KGB in East Germany. Clippings: 1976-1977, and undated.
78. JiÍi Mladek, Czech diplomat in USA (1970).
79. Yuri Bazmenov, defected in New Delhi (1970).
80. Cuban Intelligence Chief defects in London. Clipping: 1971. His
exposure of Cuban liberation movements.
81. Lt. Col. Ivan Popov. Clipping: 1970. Attempted abduction after defection.
Section 4: Soviet Spy Exchanges
1. Article in Daily Telegraph Magazine . Empty envelope. See
Box 19, File 27.
2. Agents, Exchanges. Clippings: 1969. Cookridges notes about
spy exchanges, 1933-1969.
3. J. B. Donovan. Clippings: 1970. Bill Donovans obit; photocopies
of a 1969 August series of telexes on Donovan. Cookridges notes
on Donovan, who arranged the Abel/Powers spy exchange.
4. Dr. Wolfgang Vogel. His address: Reilerstrasse 4, Berlin Friedrichsfelde,
DDR. Clippings: 1969-1978. Dr. Vogels spy-exchange activities
involving Gerald Brooke, Gary Powers, and others; Cookridges notes
about Vogels activities, and about his Western counterpart, Jürgen
Stange; draft typescript, by Peter Schmitt, 1969, about Vogel; numerous
handwritten corrections in draft.
5. Arrests of potential hostages: Ian Turnbull and Jeffrey Futcher (Poland).
Clipping: 1970. Young trainspotters.
6. Pending: 1970-1971. Clippings: 1970. Planned prisoner exchanges;
draft article by Cookridge on exchanges.
7. Abel-Powers exchange. Empty envelope. See Box 59, Section 3, Envelope
15.
8. Prof. Barghoorn case (1963). Clipping: 1969.
9. Brooke exchange description. Clipping: July 1969. He, Michael Parsons,
and Anthony Lorraine were all released as part of the exchange for the
Krogers. See also Box 56, Section 4, Envelope 13.
10. Hostages: Karin Heisler, held and released in DDR. Clippings: 1971.
Taken hostage; release arranged by Dr. Vogel (DDR) and Jürgen Stange
(FRG)
11. Agents: Initial negotiations for Krogers; release of Wilbraham (1966);
his release negotiated by Vogel.
12. Loginov: Pretoria, Bonn, Berlin transaction. His release as part
of an arms deal with South Africa; Dr. Vogel involved in the negotiations.
See also Box 56, Section 1, Envelope 48; Box 59, Section 2, Envelope
7.
13. Lonsdale-Wynne exchange, description. See Box 55, Section 4, Envelope
19; Box 42, Section 1, File 48.
14. John Weatherley (1967) Released during Brooke-Kroger exchange. His
arrest; detention; release; return to Britain.
15. Alan van Norman. Clippings: 1978. Exchange for Russian spy, Robert
Thompson, arranged by Dr. Vogel ; part of effort to release Anatoly
Shcharansky.
16. Anatoly Shcharansky. Clippings: 1978. Attempts to arrange his release;
Dr. Vogel involved.
17. Günter Guillaume. Clipping: 1974. Proposal to exchange East German
prisoners for Guillaume; Bonns rejection.
18. Clippings: 1970-1978. Names involved: Manfred Ramminger, Josef Linowski,
Helmut Beichler, Hans-Adolf Walczak, Rolf Dreesen, Liane Lindner, Irene
Schultz, Ingelore Ketgur, Marianne Bammler, Rudolph Bost; Cookridges
notes on a series of exchanges: the Russian spies and the names of those
exchanged.
19. Americans. Clippings: 1973-1978. Swap of American Francis Crawford
for Russians Valdik Enger and Rudolf Chernyayev; detention of Americans
in the Soviet Union.
Box 61
Section 1: United States of America
1. Clippings: 1962-1979, and undated. Lists; reviews of books on MacArthur,
Petain, William Friedman, on America in general; probably a news circular
about the discovery of North America, said by Russia to have been by
Nicholas of Lynne, an Englishman, in 1360; Russias former control
over 125 miles of Northern California coast; consequent intermarriages;
article: Flag Worship is U.S. Religion.
2. Clipping: 1957. Article: The United States: Know Your Friends;
clipping on millionaires and their money; booby-trapped dueling pistols.
3. General articles. Clippings: 1976-1978, and undated. British visitors
views of the USA; of Americans returning after long periods in Europe.
4. Security. Clippings: 1976-1978.
5. Foreign Relations. Clippings: 1974-1978.
6. Nuclear Power Hazards. Clippings: 1978. Hazards of the American nuclear
power program.
Section 2: United States of America: President and Cabinet
1. President/White House: Historical. Clippings: 1959-1964.
2. United States Information Service (USIS), 1960.Clippings: 1960-1964.
Press release on the Presidential primaries; November Congressional/Senate
elections; release on these elections; 1964 Election Primaries; article
by Leslie Stone, entitled, The American Election, 1964.
3. USA: Electing the American President, by Keith Kyle.
Clippings: 1956-1960. The 1960 elections; the 1958 congressional elections;
booklet Here We Go Again about the 1956 elections.
4. Cabinet; Presidents Aides. Clippings: 1960-1975, the Cabinet;
the death of Robert Kennedy; Justice Tom Clarks retiring; his
son, Ramsay Clark, nominated as attorney general.
5. Melvin Laird, Secretary of Defense. Melvin Laird and his deputy David
Packard (of Hewlett-Packard).
Section 3: United States of America, Congress
1. Politicians Wives. Clipping: 1960.
2. Political Leaders. Clippings: 1957-1972, undated. John F. Kennedy;
biography of Richard Nixon; Ramsay Clark.
Section 4: United States of America, States and Territories
1. States and Territories: Governors. Clippings: 1964, and undated.
The role of State Governors; Governor Scranton of Pennsylvania.
2. Hawaii. 1944 British Survey Vol V (20): 103-106, entitled
Pacific Series I: Pearl Harbor and the Hawaiian Islands;
article written after December 7, 1941.
3. Alaska. Clippings: 1958-1959. Alaskas admission as a state.
4. Puerto Rico. Clipping: 1974. Puerto Ricos history, governance.
USA Presidents:
Section 5: Roosevelt/Truman
1. Franklin D. Roosevelt. Clippings: 1971-1976. Reviews of books, items
about Roosevelt.
2. Harry S. Truman. Clippings: 1972-1974. Articles and book reviews
about Truman; obituary of 27 December, 1972.
Section 6: Dwight D. Eisenhower
1. Installments 1-10, 12, 13, and final of series, Three Years
with Eisenhower, by Capt. Harry Butcher, USNR.
2. Clippings: 1959-1976, and undated. Eisenhowers actions against
the 1932 march on Washington by World War I veterans.
3. Kay Summersby. Clippings: 1975-1979. Kay Summersby and her book,
Past Forgetting: My Love Affair with Dwight D. Eisenhower;
corrections of some details.
Section 7: John F. Kennedy
1. Clippings: 1962-1978. Kennedys death; his alleged linkage to
the Mafiosi; an article on his wife; other articles around his life;
preamble to Kennedys Civil Rights bill.
Section 8: Lyndon B. Johnson
1. Clippings: 1963-1976. Reviews of Doris Kearns book Lyndon
Johnson and the American Dream; series from book; Hubert Humphrey
as Vice-President (autobiography).
2. Clippings: 1964-1967, and undated Booklet: LBJ: Profile of
a President: about Johnson and his administration.
3. Clippings: 1977-1978 Arthur Schlesingers book about Bobby Kennedy:
Robert Kennedy and his Times; Kennedy was attorney-general
in the Johnson administration until he was assassinated; Kennedys
killer; review of Schlesingers Trust in Princes.
Section 9: Richard M. Nixon
1. Clippings: 1972-1973. Nixons election; review of The
Coming to Power Arthur M. Schlesinger, ed.; foreshadowing Watergate.
2. Clippings: 1973-1974. Watergate; fallout dirty tricks; other facets
of the Nixon administration; report that Roosevelt had hidden stenographer
taking notes on Presidential conversations. See also Section 1 in Box
63.
Section 10: Gerald Ford
1. Clippings: 1973-1977. Articles about him; his appointees; his visit
to Germany as Vice-President, then as President.
2. Inauguration. Clipping: 1974. His becoming President, with Betty
as First Lady.
3.. Clippings: 1975-1976. Assassination attempts by Lynette Fromme and
by Sarah Moore; other threats.
4. Clipping: 1974. Nelson Rockefeller as Vice-Presidential choice.
Section 11: Ronald Reagan / Jimmy Carter
1. Jimmy Carter. Clippings: 1976-1978. Carters election; his appointments
to various positions; undated, unattributed biography of Kingman Brewster,
Carters Ambassador to Britain
2. Ronald Reagan. Clippings: 1975-1977. An assassination attempt on
Reagan.
Section 12: United States of America, State Department
1. Ambassadors, Embassies, Consular Offices, etc. Clippings: 1969-1976,
and undated.
2. Security: Diplomats. Clipping: 1968. Secretary of State Dean Rusks
answers to questions about security; no source given.
3. Dr. Henry Kissinger, General. Clippings: 1968-1977, and undated.
Dr. Kissinger as a person, and in his official position.
4. Kissinger, accusation of bugging of White House aides, journalists,
etc. (1969-1971). Clippings: 1974-1976. Wiretapping allegations also
within State Department offices.
5: General. Clippings: 1975, and undated. US foreign policy.
6. Elliot Richardson. Clippings: 1974-1975. Articles about Richardson,
who was Ambassador to Great Britain.
Section 13: United States of America, Foreign Relations
1. Clippings: 1959-1976, and undated. American foreign policies, diplomatic
relations.
2. Kissingers Visit to Moscow (Oct. 1974): Trade agreement and
Trade Bill passed by Congress (Jewish emigration problem). Clippings:
1974.
3. USSR. Grain Sales 1972-1976; Dr. Armand Hammers business contacts
with Russia. Clippings: 1974-1975. Grain sales; political fallout.
4. East-West Relations, 1945-1961. Clipping: 1962. Chronology
of Important Events in East-West Relations, 1945-1961.
5. Cuban Missiles (1962); threat of Soviet-USA War. Clippings: 1962-1969.
The Missile Crisis; part of Adlai Stevensons address at the UN.
6. Press releases from USIS, 1962-1965.
7. Foreign Policy Review, 1961.
8. Foreign Assistance, 1945-1961. Clipping: 1962 International Cooperation
Administration
Section 14: United States of America, Defense
1. Clippings: 1952-1978, and undated. Military activities in the USA;
National Defense section from John F. Kennedys 1962 budget; purchase
of knowledge; lawsuits; spy satellites; war games.
2. Personnel, leadership and troop levels. Clippings: 1970-1975. Troop
level reductions; the leadership of the armed forces and Defense Department.
3. Nuclear Weapons, Programs, and Warfare. Clippings: 1974-1977.
4. Non-nuclear Weapons. Clippings: 1972-1977.
5. Arms sales. Clippings: 1974-1978, and undated.
6. Military Bases. Clippings: 1948-1978. US bases, outside the US; removal
of more than 1000 residents of Diego Garcia Island by Britain to allow
a US military base in the Indian Ocean.
7. US Intelligence: Military-Industrial Complex. Clippings: 1969. Political
cartoons.
8. Sunken Tomcats. Clippings: 1976. Efforts to retrieve two F.14 Tomcat
fighter aircraft overboard from their carrier ships, before the Soviets
found them.
Box 62
Section 1: United States of America, Business Payoffs, Bribery
1 ITT scandal. Clippings: 1972-1978. Allegations of political payoffs
by ITT, including the involvement of President Nixon.
2. Oil. Clippings: 1974-1976. Companies in Saudi Arabia, South America,
named, as well as Esso (Exxon), and Gulf; oil giants named as funding
political parties and politicians; attempt to sabotage oil deal involving
Onassis and Niarchos.
3. Arms sales. Clippings 1975-1976. Bribes paid in relation to arms
sales, notably by Northrup-Lockheed for aircraft sales.
4. Clippings: 1976-1978. Admissions by organizations, including the
Korean government, that they had maintained slush funds
for bribery purposes.
Section 2: United States of America, People, Education
1. Historical. Clippings: 1966-1975. Personalia: Amelia Earhart; obituary
for Walter Lippmann; a profile of Katherine Graham, CEO of the Washington
Post; Harold K. Lipset, detective; undated articles on the founders
of Wells-Fargo; internment of Japanese-Americans during World War II;
Ambassador David Bruces retirement; Malcolm Toon as Ambassador
to Israel; departure of Henry Ford II from Ford Foundation; Scott Meredith,
literary agent.
2. Youth. Clippings: 1974-1975. Young Americas Revolution.
3. GIs and Americans in Britain. Clippings: 1948-1962, and undated.
US citizens in Britain, Europe.
4. Wall Street. Clipping: 1962.
5. Crime and Policing. Clippings: 1946-1978, and undated. Crime in the
US; criminals; policing articles on the assassination of Dr. Martin
Luther King, Jr.
6. Prisons: Sing Sing, Alcatraz, etc. Clippings: 1955-1962.
7. Colleges and Universities.
8. Negroes, Segregation/Integration. Clippings: 1971-1976, and undated.
Integration; school integration.
9. Washington DC. Clippings: 1967. Geographical and demographic description
of the city; discussion of the bureaucracy; hidden and substandard
world of the large, local black population, not seen by most visitors.
10. Sex Scandals. Clippings: 1976. Two sex scandals: one in Washington,
another in Dallas.
11. Personalia. Clippings: 1976-1978. Reviews of biographies of: Lindbergh,
the Rockefellers; Armand Hammer; Averill Harriman; Howard Hughes; obits
for Lucius Clay, Wm. Pawley; George Moscone, Harvey Milk, Dan White
in San Francisco; also articles: West Point, Shirley Temple Black, Anne
Armstrong.
12. Press and Political Freedoms. Clippings: 1976-1978. Overturning
of press gag rule; jail for newsmans refusal to name
his sources; US Nazis with Supreme Court permission to march through
Jewish suburb of Chicago.
13. Sen. Joseph McCarthy. Clippings: 1978, and undated. 25th anniversary
of the hearings that he held.
Section 3: United States of America, Vietnam/Indochina
1. Clippings: 1973-1974. Prisoner release in Laos; US bombing of Cambodia.
2. Clippings: 1965-1977. The war in Vietnam and its aftermath; pamphlet:
At stake The Cause of Freedom; Cyrus Vance comment.
Section 4: United States of America, National Security Council
1. Clippings: 1954-1978. Activities of the NSC; Zbigniew Brzezinski
as National Security Advisor; Cookridges note about the National
Security agency; 1954 State Department publication: How Foreign
Policy Is Made.
2. Dr. Henry Kissinger. Clippings: 1968-1976.
3. Clippings: 1976. US Intelligence, Senate Select Committees
Report on CIA, FBI, Military Intelligence, etc.
Section 5: United States of America, Pentagon/Defense Intelligence
1. Clippings: 1971-1975, and undated. Skyjacking: atomic materials said
to be on board; lost nuclear material; costs to Pentagon for legal fees
for a whistleblower; East German article by Dr. Julius Mader on the
Pentagon Secret Service; his list of dirty tricks, interventions in
places where the Communists had interests, etc.
2. (Claims and denials of) Psychological Experiments with convicted
murderers, and their possible training as assassins-for NATO?. Dr. Naruts
disclosures. Neuropsychiatric Laboratory, San Diego; Naval Hospital,
Naples, Italy; Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory. Clippings:
1975-1978. The controversy around Dr. Narut; book by Peter Watson, War
on the Mind: the Military Uses and Abuses of Psychology, on training
methods for psychological warfare (McMaster call number: U22.3.W37 1978).
3. Human Guinea Pigs. Clippings: 1975-1976. Test programs: war
drugs; isotopes, etc.
4. Research. Clippings: 1974-1976. Nerve gas and brainwave research
programs; change in command of US army Research and Development, with
Lt. Gen. A.C. Trudeau succeeding Lt. Gen. J.M. Gavin.
5. Pentagon-CIA Feud (1973). Maj. Gen. Daniel Graham, Deputy Director
D.I.A., appointed Chairman of the Inter-Agency Committee. Clippings:
1973. Feud over power in the (military) intelligence field.
6. Military spying on politicians. Clippings: 1972-1974. Spying on senators,
President Nixon and the Secretary of State (Dr. Henry Kissinger).
7. Spying on Civilians (1971). Clippings: 1970-1973. Spying on US civilians;
on the staff of an American Forces Network station; other civilians
in West Germany.
8. Ellsberg Case (1971-1973). Clippings: 1971-1975, and undated. Ellsberg
accused of leaking reports on CIAs Laos operations and about Vietnam
operations; the resulting publication ban, court case, and subsequent
acquittal; involvement of Dr. Daniel Ellsberg with John Ehrlichmann
of the White House staff; the latter part of the burglary of Ellsbergs
psychiatrist; Ellsberg after his acquittal; another leak from the Defense
Department; all this is the beginning of the Watergate scandal.
9. Ellsberg Acquittal (May, 1973). Clippings: 1972-1974. Trial and acquittal
of Daniel Ellsberg and Anthony Russo; the involvement of the White House
staff and CIA in the break-in at Ellsbergs psychiatrists
office; indictment of John Ehrlichmann, Charles Colson, Gordon Liddy,
Bernard Barker, Felipe de Diego, and Eugene Martinez for the burglary.
Watergate continues.
10. General cost of Military Intelligence. Clippings: 1962-1970. Cost
of spies and their activities.
11. H-Bomb Air Patrols. Clipping: 1969. Crash of a nuclear-equipped
aircraft in Greenland.
12. Counterespionage measures. Clippings: 1962-1969.
13. Military aircraft, bases, and controls. Clippings: 1973-1976.
Section 6: United States of America, Federal Bureau of Investigation
(FBI)
1. J. Edgar Hoover, Director March 24, 1924 (died May 2, 1972). Clippings:
1947-1976. Articles about the FBI; Hoovers obituary.
2. Hoovers dossiers on personages; files on high-ranking Americans.
Clippings: 1971-1978. List includes people like President Johnson, Jack
Anderson, talk-show guests; political opponents of the party in power;
American investors in Swiss banks; Averill Harriman, Martin Luther King,
Jr., etc; Hoover reportedly kept detailed derogatory files on approximately
48 persons; more than 55 million cross-indexed cards on other individuals.
3. Heads: Patrick Gray, former Asst. Attorney General, appointed by
Nixon (May 1972) after Hoovers death; Quit April, 1973, over Watergate.
Clippings: 1972-1978. Information from Grays appointment to his
resignation; resigned because he allowed Nixon aides to interfere in
the investigation; his subsequent trial for improper conduct; report
of FBI #2, Mark Felt, on Watergate.
4. Clarence Kelley, new Chief, 1973. Clippings: 1973-1977. Appointment
and subsequent acceptance of illegal gifts from subordinates; his replacement
by President Carter.
5. Infected fleas for Dir. Kelley. Clipping: 1976. An extortion letter
containing live fleas, supposedly infected, sent to him and prominent
businessmen; no suggestion as to a possible pathogen.
6. Clean-up after Hoovers death (1975 ff). Clippings: 1974-1976.
Limits imposed on the FBI by Congress.
7. Frank Johnson: President Carters initial appointee as FBI Head.
Clippings: 1976-1978. Delays in President Carters Cabinet appointments
because of FBI background checks; Carters desire to appoint Johnson
was frustrated by Johnsons ill health; finally appointed William
H. Webster.
8. Dirty Tricks burglaries (COINTELPRO: Counter-Intelligence
Program): Blackmail, Information to and from Employers, document forgeries.
Clippings: 1973-1978, and undated.
9. Wiretapping and Mail Interception; Bugging, in general. Clippings:
1966-1978. Wiretapping and Postal Service surveillance done for several
government agencies.
10. Against Communists in the USA (Socialist Workers Party). Clippings:
1951-1976. FBI action against Communists and the Socialist Workers
Party; arrest of Susan Edith Saxe, a radical fugitive, in connection
with a 1970 murder.
11. American Ultras: e.g. the Minutemen, Ku Klux Klan, etc.
Clippings: 1961-1978. Reports on ultra-right wing groups, and the often-racist
backlash against socialism in any form; booklet from the Cold
War Council advocating for the Freedom Commission Bill.
12. Against Blacks, e.g. Black Panthers. Clippings: 1962-1974. Black
extremist groups, e.g. the Black Panthers, Black Muslims covered in
a press release: Black Power and The White Backlash
13. G-Men, Agents and Informers. Clippings: 1946-1978. Information-gathering
techniques.
14. Witch-hunts, McCarthy. Clippings: 1952-1976, and undated. McCarthyism:
hunts for Communists, including Robt. Oppenheimer, Alger
Hiss, Whittaker Chambers, Charles S. Lewis, and many others; undated
news article about Bertrand Russells accusation of FBI atrocities.
15. Against Students, Hippies, etc. Clipping: 1975. FBI hiring right-wing
terrorists against student anti-war groups (Vietnam).
16. Atom Spies: Rosenbergs, Greenglass, Gold, etc. Clippings: 1946-1978,
and undated. Atomic spies and other nuclear-related matters; list of
defectors from the Soviet, including Igor Gouzenko; American Spies were:
Gerhard Eisler, the Rosenbergs, Anatoly Yakovlev, David Greenglass,
Bruno Pontecorvo, Klaus Fuchs, Martha and Alfred Stern, George Zlatovski,
Robert Soblen; attempt to steal an American nuclear submarine.
17. Against American Indians (1973); Fights in the Oglala Sioux reserves
(1975). Clippings: 1975. Murder of FBI agents Jack Coler and Ronald
Williams by the Oglala Sioux at Pine Ridge, South Dakota; after the
1973 siege at Wounded Knee.
18. Surveillance of United Nations staff. Clipping: 1966. Corruption
and spying at the UN.
19. American defectors. Clippings: 1960-1961. William Martin as US defector;
Arthur Roddeys conviction for possessing a classified Defense
Department document.
20. Defections. Clippings: 1967-1968. Norman Ollestad expelled from
the FBI; Joseph Kaufmans claim, in Britain, to have spied for
the FBI.
21. Trade Unions; the disappearance of Jimmy Hoffa. Clippings: 1975.
22. Surveillance of Diplomats; Bugging of Embassies. Clippings: 1966-1975.
FBIs bugging the embassy of the Dominican Republic; FBIs
breaking into embassies.
23. Involvement with non-American entities and groups. Clippings: 1975-1978.
Hunts for Puerto Rican extremists; IRA kidnapping of Samuel Bronfman
II; Korean businessmans gifts to Congressmen; guarding Queen Elizabeth
II; murder investigation: Chilean Foreign Minister Dr. Orlando Letelier
in Washington, DC.
24. Crimes and Criminals. Clippings: 1974-1978. Investigating the erased
Watergate tape; escape of a man on the 10 Most Wanted list; finding
a stolen Rembrandt painting by an FBI fence shop; investigation
of Scientology; search for computer consultant Stanley Mark Rifkin who
stole $10 million by fraudulent transfer.
Section 7: United States of America, Kennedy family
1. Family History. Clippings: 1965-1971, and undated. Joseph Kennedy,
patriarch; his family and career; US Ambassador to Great Britain in
the early years of World War II; article about Edward Kennedy; his political
hopes.
2. John Kennedy as President. Clippings: 1960-1975. The costs of Presidential
protection; the costs of being President; the process of being President;
his life with Addisons disease.
3. John Kennedys assassination and its investigation. Clippings:
1966-1978, and undated. The Dallas assassination; the Warren Commission
investigation and others; books about the assassination; William Manchesters
dealings with Jacqueline Kennedy and Robert Kennedy while writing, The
Death of a President.
4. Lee Harvey Oswald, Jack Ruby. Clippings: 1964-1978. Lee Harvey Oswald,
Kennedys purported assassin; Jack Ruby, who shot Oswald; Oswalds
time in Russia; interviews with Oswalds mother and his wife; reviews
of Edward Jay Epsteins account of Oswald; report that Ruby knew
Oswald before Kennedys death.
5. Suspected Cuban involvement in Kennedys death. Clippings: 1975-1978.
Suspicions that Cuba was involved in Kennedys death; later request
from Cuba for investigations to prove they were NOT involved.
6. Attacks on John Kennedys character. Clippings: 1975-1976. His
alleged affair with Judith Campbell Exner, several actresses, Joan Lundberg
Hitchcock, and Mary Meyer; some reports may have been politically motivated,
since 1976 was an election year.
7. Conversations with Kennedy. Clippings: 1976; Series from Benjamin
C. Bradlees book, Conversations with Kennedy.
8. Jacqueline Kennedy. Clippings: 1962, 1978. Articles about herself,
and her marriage to Aristotle Onassis.
9. Robert Kennedy. Clippings: 1968-1975. His candidacy for President;
his assassination by Sirhan Sirhan; extant theories; investigation of
the death.
Section 8: United States of America: Secret Service, Immigration and
Naturalization Service (INS)
1. Clipping: 1976. INS swoop on a Washington D.C. soccer match to detain
illegal immigrants; arrests of other illegal immigrants.
2. Private agencies. Clippings: 1961-1966. Private detective agencys
investigation of the Marquis of Exeter on behalf of the US for communist
leanings; arrest of the principal of the detective agency for passing
bad cheques; Tomas Biernacki, a Pole, charged with spying in Montreal;
a private detective offering debugging services in Washington.
3. Assassination attempts: list of recent attempts, and the attempted
assassination of Governor Wallace. Clippings: 1972-1978. Plots against
President Nixon: 1972, 1974; subsequent arrest of Andrew B. Topping,
Edward M. Gaudet and Harold Kenneth Culp; assassination attempt on Governor
George Wallace by Arthur Bremer; a hit squad formed by the
Peoples Temple cult.
4. Secret Service. Clippings: 1954-1976. Attack on the chamber of the
House of Representatives in Washington in 1954; the US Secret Service
and their role in the protection of the President and family, foreign
emissaries in Washington, and the associated costs; Secret Service protection
for Presidential contenders in the pre-election races; obit for Michael
Reilly, President F. D. Roosevelts bodyguard.
Section 9: United States of America: Bureau of Narcotics And Dangerous
Drugs (BNDD)
1. Clippings: 1973, 1978. Formation of BNDD; analysis of organization;
use of cocaine and marijuana at Washington D.C. parties.
Box 63
Section 1: Watergate Nixons Fall
1. Watergate bugging in 1972 Presidential Campaign: Dramatis personae.
June, 1972-June, 1973. Attempt to plant listening devices in the Watergate
Hotel; in the Democratic National Committee's offices; and names of
the Cuban exiles working for James McCord who broke in on June 17, 1962;
legal implications for the Nixon White House; denials of involvement
by John Mitchell; lawsuit against Democrats over the accusations; Republican
attempts to prevent an inquiry; Nixon's successful re-election; composition
of his administration; the trial of the original burglars despite their
willingness to plead guilty; the increase in seriousness of the entire
scheme; the list of names of alleged conspirators.
2. The burglary at the Watergate Hotel. Clippings: 1973. Jailing of
Gordon Liddy; involvement of the White House; attempts by Nixon to prevent
leaks; attempt to connect Cuba and the Democrats as part of the campaign
to re-elect the President.
3. Preambles (before Committee). Clippings: 1973 and undated. Senate
investigation; aftermath of the Watergate revelations.
4. Caulfield Group, James McCord (former CIA agent), and depositions.
Clippings: 1973. Sen. Irvin at first wanted secret meetings, but finally
opened the proceedings; McCords story of White House offers of
clemency if he pleaded guilty to CIAs participation; his refusal,
since he was no longer a CIA operative; John Caulfields ambiguous
position as intermediary between McCord and the White House; Charles
(Chuck) Coulsons proposal to break into the Brookings Institution;
idea rejected.
5. Jeb Magruder's depositions: Clippings: June 1973.
6. John Deans depositions. Clippings: May-June, 1973. Deans
claims, and Nixons admission, that they had discussed Watergate
frequently; Dean's provision of documents containing names of Democrats
who could be harassed by tax examiners; characterization of other members
of White House staff; claims of his good intentions.
7. Nixon's Denial. Clippings: April-June, 1973. Waffling on knowledge
about Watergate; determination to continue in office; the first quiet
suggestions of impeachment.
8. John Mitchell: Perjury Trial. Clippings: March-April, 1973. Allegations
made by Martha Mitchell about her husband; Mitchell and Robert Vesco;
John Mitchells statements.
9. FBI involvement. Clippings: April-May, 1973. Rejection of Patrick
Gray as continuing head of the FBI; FBI search through John Ehrlichmann's
safe; information on Hoover wiretaps, including Dr. Martin Luther King
Jr.s telephone.
10. Appointment of Special Prosecutor Cox. Clippings: May-August, 1973.
Elliot Richardson named as Attorney General; his nomination of Prof.
Archibald Cox as special prosecutor; Cox's assertion that the President
is subject to the law.
11. The Plumbers: Liddy, Hunt, etc. Clippings: March-June,
1973. Wholesale sabotage operations planned by White House staff to
undercut the Democrats and permit re-election of Nixon; miscellaneous
information about individual 'plumbers' in and out of jail.
12. John Ehrlichman, H. R. Haldeman, Presidential advisors. Clippings:
July-August, 1973. Appearances of Ehrlichman and Haldeman before the
Senate Watergate Committee (Mary McCarthy); more dirty tricks played
on Democratic Party politicians; characteristics of Nixon's White House
staff; their credibility.
13. Richard Nixon: Presidential Campaign vs. George McGovern, 1972.
Clippings: 1970-1973. Persons of influence in 1970; McGovern's warnings
of wiretaps; pressure by Republican re-election committee in 1972 on
corporations to ensure large and illegal contributions for Nixons
re-election.
14. Nixons Tapes. Clippings: July, 1973-July, 1974. Listening
devices in the Oval Office; Nixon's refusal to allow Senate to listen
to the tapes; Archibald Cox's demand that he release them; the subpoena;
continued refusal to release the tapes; H.R. Haldeman's attempt to divert
attention; departure of Archibald Cox who refused compromise; threats
of impeachment resulting in the tapes being handed over; two missing;
peculiar gaps in the recordings; tampering with the recordings proven;
a chronological summary of the 'battle for the tapes'.
15. Spiro Agnew: Scandal and Resignation. Clippings: June, 1973-October,
1973. Alleged use of re-election money to make a reception for Agnew
appear successful; accusations of bribery, extortion, and conspiracy
related to matters before he became Vice-President; a summary of the
scandals of the Nixon administration as of 12 August, 1973; Agnews
battle against indictment; threat of impeachment; resignation, pleading
'no contest' to criminal charges.
6. Watergate Investigation. Clippings: May-July, 1973. Variety of peripheral
issues arising from the Watergate scandals; President Nixon's behaviour
around them.
17. Watergate Investigation. Clippings: August, 1973. Haldeman accused
of conniving at perjury; administration attempts to blackmail enemies;
consequences for the Presidency of the situation; Nixons attempts
to deny involvement in Watergate.
18. Watergate and subsequent scandals. Clippings: September-October,
1973. John Ehrlichman, indicted for break-in at Ellsberg's psychiatrist's
office, and perjury; Nixon's brother's telephone bugged; Vesco case;
threat of criminal penalties for Nixon if Deans evidence is correct;
resignation of Spiro Agnew; Segretti's dirty tricks for the Republicans
in 1971; attempts to prevent the nomination of Edmund Muskie as the
Democratic candidate in 1972 because he was too strong a candidate;
Cox fired over refusing to accept a summary of the tapes; resignation
of Elliot Richardson, for resisting the President's order to fire Cox;
steps toward impeachment.
19. Watergate and subsequent scandals. Clippings: November 1973-April,
1974. Anti-trust case against International Telephone and Telegraph
(ITT); Nixons attempts to hold onto power; reviews of the persons,
and their penalties, involved most publicly in Watergate; Leon Jaworski's
appointment as special prosecutor; indictments for Ehrlichman, Haldeman,
Mitchell, Chapin; Watergate's effect on international diplomacy. See
also Box 64, Section 4, Envelope 25.
20. Subsequent Scandals. Clippings: May, 1974. The content of the tapes;
impeachment process; attempt to blame the cover-up on John Mitchell,
bypassing Nixon; plea bargaining by Kleindienst; Woodward and Bernstein
discoveries; Maurice Stans.
21. Subsequent Scandals II. Clippings: June- August, 1974. Nixon and
Patrick Gray; charges of co-conspiracy; Magruder and McCoy; attempt
to include Kissinger in Watergate; tax harassment of Nixon enemies;
Chuck Colson jailed; named as dirty tricks chief; attempts to transfer
blame to CIA; Nixon accused of 'enormous crime'; ITT scandal; Nixons
impeachment; jail terms for White House senior staff; Nixon finally
admits he lied; editorial comments.
22. Nixons Resignation. Clippings: 8 August, 1974. Resignation
effective on 9 August 1974; Gerald Ford to step in, as Vice-President;
professional political obituaries, including: The Unmaking of
the President.
23. Nixon: Watergate and Subsequent Scandals III. Clippings: 1974-1976,
and undated. Jail terms; personalia; Watergate as it affected both domestic
and foreign interests; ethical statements by J. Gordon Liddy, one of
the burglars; sentences for crimes; apocryphal worries about Nixons
stability; hint of Nixons having an affair; commutation of sentences
for some by President Carter.
24. CIA Role. Clippings: March, 1973-May, 1975. Apparent CIA participation
and interest in the Watergate burglary, the position of the White House,
and the Watergate tapes; putative role of General Robert Cushman.
25. Richard Nixon: Post-Resignation Matters. Clippings: 1974-1975. His
financial circumstances; text of his speech as he left office; the charges
that could have been brought against him; how he nearly got away with
it; chronology of Watergate; political obituaries; 1974 medical concerns-thrombosis;
threats to drag him into court as a private citizen, as a co-conspirator
in Watergate.
26. President Gerald Ford. Watergate Pardons. Clippings: September,
1974. Pardoning of Nixon; Ford's thoughts of pardoning the other conspirators;
storm of protest in Congress.
27. Richard Nixon: Post-Resignation Matters II. Clippings: 1976-1978.
His ill-timed visit to China as a private citizen in 1976; Woodward
and Bernstein's accounts of Nixons last days as President; J.K.
Galbraith, Dilys Powell, and other reviews of The Final Days;
interviews with David Frost; attempts at rehabilitation.
28. Nixon as President. Miscellaneous. Largely money matters, economics,
but also appointment of Henry Kissinger.
Section 2: USA-Intelligence Services-Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)
Heads of Agency:
1. Richard C. Helms. Clippings: 1971-1977. Head from 1966 until Nixon
fired him in 1972; ambassador to Iran after Watergate; testified at
Watergate inquiry; possible involvement in Chile, funding opponents
of Allende; possible involvement in ITT scandal.
2. William Colby. Clippings: 1973-1978. Scandals arising about Allendes
regime; Vietnam and anti-war demonstrators; and wiretaps before Colby
took over; shake-up in the CIA; defense of its operations; attempts
to plug congressional leaks; reviews of Colbys 1978 book, Honourable
Men: My Life in the CIA.
3. George H. W. Bush. Appointed in Dec. 1975 to succeed William Colby.
Clippings: 1975-1978. Opposition to his appointment, but he was confirmed
in January, 1976.
4. CIA. Heads of Agency-Theodore C. Sorenson. Clippings: 1976-1977.
Nominated by President Carter, but not confirmed; concerns over his
lack of administrative experience; considered soft on Russia.
5. Adm. Stansfield Turner. Clippings: 1977-1978. Carried out reorganization
of the CIA, dropping 800 positions; complaints about the quality of
intelligence provided during his tenure.
6. Headquarters. Efforts to preserve secrecy. Appeals by Ford, Colby,
Bush; Fords promises of CIA mending. Defense of CIA by ex-agents
association (David Phillips), and by Right-wing British (Conquest, Levin).
Clippings: 1971-1976. Leakage of Pentagon report on Vietnam; attrition
of shared intelligence with USA; international concern over continuing
leaks and public service disarray in the USA; post-Watergate feeling
of a need for a completely open society; defense of the organization
by British writers.
7. Reorganization after Investigations and Reforms, by Rockefeller Committee
and by Senate and House of Representatives. Ford 'saves' CIA, demands
secrecy. Clippings: 1976-1977.
8. President Carter. Clippings: 1977-1978. Carter's concerns over overt
publication of secret information on CIA activities; perspective on
Carter's apparently helpless position in restoring confidence.
9. Clippings: undated, and 1962-1975. Heads of CIA before 1960; 1962
report from published book on the CIA; CIA achievements, blunders and
payoffs.
10. Clippings: 1965-1978. Views of the CIA from the 1960s; reflections
on the process of spying in the 1960s; disintegration of CIA efforts
during the early 1970s; Karen Silkwood death, with traces of plutonium
on and in her body; fear of nuclear extremists getting plutonium; political
Left claim that the CIA represents legalized terrorism; assassination
of Richard Welch in Athens because his cover was blown at home; CIA
interference in Britain, Sweden, Voice of America, front organizations
for CIA; predictions for global cooling (1976); interactions suggested
between CIA and numerous foreign groups, e.g. the Canadian Mounties;
American journalists and the Foreign Office; CIA is even accused of
withholding proof of the existence of UFOs; reports of ongoing accusations
of misbehaviour; some handwritten information. See also: Box 65, File
4, for Parts I, II of the text from the Pike Report on the CIA (1976).
Original newspaper issue, fragile. See also: Box 65 File 5 for copies
of The Yellow Report (1969/1970) by Dr. Julius Mader of
East Germany, listing institutions fronting for (and therefore controlled
by) the CIA. Most first-rank US Universities are included, as are banks,
and even the YWCA.
>
Box 64
Section 1: USA-Intelligence Services-Central Intelligence Agency
(CIA)
1. CIA2: Early stages. Clippings: 1946-1959. J. Edgar Hoover's concern
with potential organization of foreign intelligence matters; areas it
might cover; draft of an organization to fight peace-time spying; arguments
about provisions; text of Eisenhower's remarks at opening of CIA in
1959.
2. CIA 3: Gen. Bedell Smith. Clipping: 1964. Contention that he erred
during the surrender of the Germans at Rheims in 1945.
3. CIA4: Allen Walsh Dulles, d. 29 January, 1969. Clippings: 1953-1968.
Dulles as head of CIA; questions of separating intelligence gathering
from covert operations; his resignation after Bay of Pigs invasion (1961);
reviews of his book The Craft of Intelligence; UPI photo caption
(1964) but no picture; obits Jan 31, 1969; Dr. Julius Mader's (1974)
contention that Dulles's WWII codes had been cracked by Finland by 1941;
that his messages were indiscreet, and might have betrayed officers
who wanted to assassinate Hitler in 1944; book review: Dulles: A
Biography of Eleanor, Allen and John Foster Dulles and their Family
Network.
4. CIA 4A: Allen Dulles. Clippings: 1963. Interview and his own writing,
discussing domestic spies in both the US and UK.
5. CIA 5:Chiefs after Dulles (after 1962). McCone. Hughes, Helms,
6. Operation Mongoose (Assassination Castro). Clipping:
undated. Edward Lansdale, Americas most famous postwar secret
agent; not a member of CIA.
7. J. J Angleton, chief who dealt with defectors, and exposed Philby
and Blake. 'Fired early 1975' actually resigned late 1974 under pressure
from Kissinger. Clippings: 1975-1976. Chief of Counterintelligence until
his resignation; decried administration failure to recognize that détente
had not worked; compared the contemporary damage done to the CIA to
that wrought by a foreign occupation force.
8. NSC check on CIA and other agencies. Clippings: 1966, 1969. Concern
by Congress that there was insufficient oversight of the CIA.
9. National Security Council's "40 Committee". Clippings:
1974-1975. Covert-action policy committee which helped to undermine
Allende in Chile; battles with Congress, who wanted to know everything
that was going on.
10. Leaks from National Security Council (Anderson's disclosures, etc.):
on secret arms supplies to Pakistan, and assistance to Kurds. Clipping:
1972.
11. Leaks from National Security Council II: from NSC itself; from CIA;
DIA and Pentagon, etc. Examples: policies on India; arms to Pakistan;
assistance to Kurds; Middle East. Clippings: 1972-1978. Leaks and theft
of secret memos ranging from an account of a conversation between Dr.
Kissinger and Chou En Lai to lists of millions of Americans who were
on CIA lists; editorial on: 'the Washington Colander'.
12. Cult of Intelligence (The CIA and the
) by Victor Marchetti
and John D. Marks: CIA attempts to suppress. Clippings: 1971-1974. Marchetti
resigned from CIA; complained of waste, amorality and duplicity; suggested
the agency was turning against the nation; CIA went to Supreme
Court to gag Marchetti; British articles about the book
that was finally published; British book reviews.
13. Dirty Tricks Department Plans and Operations (Wisner,
Bissell); also: Copelands Vocabulary. Clippings: 1967, 1975. Articles
about some of the realities of undercover work.
Section 2: CIA Training and Methods
1. "Funding" in Africa. Ramparts article, undated.
Authors: Schechter, D., Ansara, M. and Kolodney, D. as the "Africa
Research Group", focusing on "The United States' imperialist
penetration of Africa"; Article: "The CIA is an Equal Opportunity
Employer", with an explanatory preface about the research group.
2. Clippings: 1976-1978. Articles stating CIA involvement in several
African countries: Angola, Rhodesia, and Zaire.
3. Soviet Union. Clippings: 1971-1978, and undated. Copies of "Soviet
Analyst" Vol. 1 (1-3), March 2, March 16, March 30, 1972; reports
showing Russians American spy equipment and methods; spy swaps; spying
charges-in both directions; equipment: planes, missiles, sabotage, radio
stations; death of Francis Gary Powers; consequences of his 1960 U2
flight; accusation that Amnesty Int'l is connected to CIA; denouncement
of Martha Peterson as a CIA spy; maintenance of defense spending in
USA despite SALT talks (1978); interception of long-distance communications
by Soviets; TR1 spy jets to be based in Britain.
4. Radio Free Europe (RFE); Radio Liberty. Clippings: undated (before
1963)-1975. Information Services for RFE; 1970's reduction in RFE funding
by USA, and threat of closure; concomitant increase in spending by Russia.
5. Spy Aircraft (U2, SR71, etc) in conjunction with NSA. Clippings:
1964-1975. New aircraft designs; drones; loss of a spy plane in North
Korea (EC131); the political aftermath; positioning of spy aircraft
in Israel, etc.
6. Liquidations: killing enemies and own agents. Plan to
murder Philby, Anderson (journalist). Clippings: 1975. Plan to kill
Philby in Beirut, reported by Anderson; later report that the then White
House had once ordered his death because he was leaking confidential
information to the public; brief report of CIAs killing of some
of its own agents.
7. Spy Aircraft from Britain (1975)-Mildenhall, Suffolk; Blackbird (SR71),
based in Wethersfield, Essex, previously in Lakenheath, Suff., St. Mawgan's,
Devon, Upper Heyford, Hunts (NATO air school at Alconbury); also from
Cyprus, Hong Kong, etc. Clippings: 1974-1976. Free allowance for US
planes flying from Britain during 1973 MidEast war; flights of U2s in
Britain; establishment of NATO training school in Alconbury.
8. U2 Spying; Powers. Clippings: 1960-1964. Text of Eisenhower's defense
of intelligence-gathering (1960); printed images relevant to the Powers
case; op-ed piece by Ian Fleming on US handling of the case; loss of
another U2 over China.
9. U2 Spy Plane Loss 1961; Lee Oswalds role in leak. Clippings:
1968, 1970. Oswald was accused of defecting to Moscow; of carrying information
on the U2 plane with him; Oswald's tenure in the Soviet Union between
1957and 1962, as recounted by Powers.
10. Spy Aircraft. US Generals from Turkey detained in USSR in 1970.
Clippings: 1970. Plane strayed over USSR-Turkey border; Maj-Gen Edward
Scherrer, Brig-Gen Claude McQuarrie.
11. Poisons (Cobra venom) used for Liquidations; hallucination
drugs used on foreign agents. Clippings: 1975. Clippings about toxins
secretly retained by CIA despite an international agreement; Presidential
order to destroy them.
12. CIA7: Clippings: 1946-1963. FBI arrests of US Fifth Columnists;
wiretap ban; spy-proof US Mission to UN in New York; detection of microphones
in US-occupied buildings; security of President Johnson after Kennedy
assassination.
13.. Surveillance of United States citizens inside and outside the USA.
Coley: "Millions of files on foreigners". Clippings: 1973-1977
Watergate, confusion over who was being 'bugged'; disparaging revelations
about the CIA; suspicion of moles from CIA investigating the government
itself; proposal for new wiretap laws. See also CIA Investigations Box
64, Section 2, Envelope 26.
14. Assassinations: Lumumba, Trujillo, Diem. Clippings: 1969, 1975.
Denials; bungling; investigations of CIA activity; attempts against
Jack Anderson; cynicism. See also: Box 64,Section 5, Envelope 2 and
Box 64, Section 2, Envelope 27.
15. Opening of Mail. Clippings: 1975. Illegal opening of private mail,
suborning of the US Postal Service; admission of opening hundreds of
thousands of letters from within the US to various destinations.
16. Using firms as fronts. Clipping: 1975. Multinational firms providing
cover for over 200 CIA agents in foreign countries.
17. Drugs-Guinea Pigs, poisoning for experiments; Olson Case. Clippings:
July 1975. CIA secretly fed LSD to research biochemist, who went mad
and threw himself out of a 10th Storey window in 1953; 22 years later,
the CIA admitted its action; the President apologized; the family sued;
no outcome is reported.
18. Drugs and Psychological Experiments. Clippings: 1976-1978. Attempts
at mind control using methamphetamines, other drugs on uninformed persons;
attempts to find toxins which would leave no trace in the victims; then
to wipe the knowledge of the crime from the mind of the killer.
19. Organization and Headquarters. Clippings: 1973-1977. Outlines and
charts of chains of command; some images of the interior of the building
and staff (1977).
20. CIA in Europe. Clippings: 1975-1977. List of names labeled Hungary,
CIA Book, n.d.; US spies either named (Paris) or assumed (Vienna,
Germany, Italy); two lists of American spies published in Portugal;
attempts by CIA to interfere in Italian elections, because Communist
party might make gains; apparent payments to friendly government leaders,
all denied by the leaders; admission by Wm Colby that America supported
anti-Communist causes as a way of preventing countries from falling
into Communist hands.
21. South-East Asia. Clippings: 1971-1978. Concern about intelligence
failures, e.g. in Laos; bungling in Thailand; search for Russians in
the Golden Triangle; reasons for America's losing in Vietnam; the CIA
in the Philippines and cooperating with the government; alleged loss
of a nuclear device in the Himalayas.
22. Koreas and China. Clippings: 1964-1977. Release of prisoners in
China, one of whom was a supposed CIA agent; film jammed by North Korea
at Panmunjom; attempts by S. Korean President Park to bribe American
Congressmen into supporting South Korea's issues; result almost the
opposite of what S. Korea wished; undated Xerox of SR71 activity over
China;
23. Cuba. Clippings: 1967-1978. Soviet strength in Cuba; abortive attempt
to kill Castro; attempt to involve the Mafia in assassination plot;
John Roselli was murdered gangland-style in Miami shortly afterward;
questions of possible link between the CIA and the Mafia; Cuban exiles
as guns for hire; swine fever in Cuba; inability of CIA to stop Cubans
in Angola; surveillance flights over Cuba, studying MiGs.
24. Jamaica. Clippings: 1976. Anti-CIA handbill; rejection of CIA and
other right-wing influence in Jamaica; trying to prevent deportation
of Philip Agee and Mark Hosenball; claim Agee revealed the CIA destabilization
going on in Jamaica, and therefore ought not to be deported; Jamaica
as a battleground for Right and Left.
25. ITT scandal. Clippings: 1973-1976. Collusion between CIA and International
Telephone and Telegraph to interfere in the 1970 election of Salvador
Allende in Chile; relationship to Nixon; investigations into the origins
of ITT. See also Box 63, Section 1, Envelope 19; Box 64, Section 1,
Envelope 9; Section 3, Envelope 7.
26. Ford's Investigation of CIA spying inside the USA; Vice President
Rockefeller heading the Investigation. Clippings: 1974-1975. Uneasiness
in USA over illegal domestic spying by CIA, especially against dissidents;
CIA acknowledged this activity. See also Box 64, Envelope 13.
27. Turning round defectors. Clippings: 1958-1966. Activity at Brussels
World's Fair; deserter from Russia alleged USSR tried to put a man in
space, and failed; accusation of frame-up by USA.
28. Chinese defector Liao (1969), who defected in Holland. Clippings:
1969. Senior diplomat defected to Dutch police; feared being returned
to China to face Maos loyalty test; was expected to provide details
to CIA of Chinese spy network(s) in Europe; China officially blamed
the USA, with the Dutch, for kidnapping him; their refusal to participate
in talks in Warsaw.
29. Payoffs I. Clippings: 1967-1975. CIA involvement in student affairs
through foundations; infiltration of organizations; tactic seen by CIA
as resistance to communist activities; organizations: National Student
Foundation, American Newspaper Guild, American Council for the International
Commission of Jurists, Congress of Cultural Freedom, American Friends
in the Middle East, and others; claims that CIA's involvement had been
kept secret for 17 years; questions around CIA involvement with liberal
organizations against the Vietnam War; bribery of politicians in France
and Japan to buy American military hardware; support of right-wing political
groups.
30. Payoffs II: "Encounter". Clippings: 1967, 1974. British
magazine 'Encounter' supported by CIA; despite its involvement, the
periodical deemed one of the best monthly magazines in politics and
the arts; news of CIA money caused the resignations of two good editors
(Stephen Spender, Frank Kermode); funding had been done at arm's length;
suggestion that an American, Blouke Carus, would buy shares and cover
the financial gap between subscription fees and expenditures for seven
years.
31. Funding for Foreign Organizations. Clippings: undated, and 1974-1976.
RFEs Prominent West Europeans to Discuss Problems of Communism;
list of Advisory Committee members; draft document Inquiry into
the Foundations by Ben Whitaker, MP, on the tax-exempt charitable
foundation, whether it is altruistic, and why it really exists; Reviews
of Whitaker's 1974 book The Foundations: An Anatomy of Philanthropy
and Society, (ISBN 0413272303; McMaster University Library bookstacks
HV25.W45 1974b); early CIA funding of the European Movement; accusations
that the US actually accidentally foiled freedom fighters being trained
by the CIA in some Eastern European; plea to keep secret CIA payments
to King Hussein ignored.
Section 3: USA: CIA in Britain and Cooperation with S.I.S.
1. CIA station in London: List of names disclosed by "Red Weekly"
Clipping: March 1976. Part of front page of "Red Weekly"
# 140, for 4 March, 1976, plus pp 5-8; clippings from same paper report
membership of newspaper staff on British S.I.S. payroll; claim that
this is supported by Wilson's government; calls by Red Weekly
for expulsion of all CIA agents.
2. London station: Cord Meyer, June 1973. Clippings: 1973-1976, and
undated. Meyer as agent; motion by some MPs in Parliament to have named
'agents' expelled from Britain; assertion that CIA was spying on British
transportation questioned; assertion that extra CIA agents were appearing
in Britain to carry out domestic surveillance; expressed likelihood
of replacement of all CIA personnel named by Red Weekly because
of the assassination of Richard Welch in Greece after publication of
his name.
3. Miles Copeland. Clippings: 1968-1975, and undated. Personal letter
from Miles and Lorraine Copeland to Mrs. Cookridge (original in Cookridge
biographical file); Copeland denies he was ever CIA agent; his view
of Nasser, and a $3 million gift he personally took to Nasser from the
Eisenhower administration; Nasser promptly squandered the funds; Copelands
lawsuit for libel against Winston Churchill; attempted investigation
and controversy over his book "The Game of Nations" with two
heads of the CIA; and his letter in his own defense; opinion piece on
Copeland's actual position with respect to the CIA; Nasser accused of
pocketing Saudi funds.
4. 'District 62' Naum-Lewis Affair. Clippings: 1970. Comments on CIA's
'paternalistic' role in supporting domestic problems of undercover agent
not on its payroll; A. L. Richards' libel suit against Col. A.C. Naum
stymied by Statute of Limitations.
5. Station Heads in London; Rolfe Kingley, Cord Meyer since October,
1973. Clippings: 1973-1976. Meyer's arrival; other aspects of CIA existence
in Britain; note by Cookridge about 1974 telephone call.
6. Clipping: 1961. Blake did not give away any US secrets.
7. General. Also Mrs. Kerr, MP 1969. Clippings: 1969-1978. Alleged spying
on MP; non-CIA fraud inquiry; possible involvement of CIA in Orford
Ness project; DIA membership fee paid to the "Housing Centre"
a non-political association studying housing and urban renewal in Britain
and elsewhere; no official explanation of why the DIA had the membership;
apparent bewilderment on the part of the US embassy in Britain; accusations
of CIA support of the National Union of Students, strongly denied.
8. Arguedas Affair (1968). Bolivian who took Che Guevara's papers and
gave them to the Cubans; left Bolivia in fear of reprisals; was unacceptable
as a refugee in Peru and Chile; spent a week in Britain accompanied
by a Chilean (?) policeman/lawyer; several inconsistencies in versions
of the story; Role, if any, of CIA is unknown; 1976 'Commons Sketch'
on a debate on the evils of the CIA/KGB, depending upon whose side one
was on.
Section 4: USA-CIA Operations
1. Portugal and Portuguese Africa (also Guinea Invasion). Clippings:
1966-1976. Plane smuggling to Portugal denied by CIA; history of military/economic
matters in Guinea; supposed Portuguese-based invasion, with fighting
in Canakry; three weeks later, Guinea expelled 92 European 'spies',
mostly West Germans working on development projects; relations between
Portugal and US; Agee published a list of nine CIA agents he claimed
to be up to no good (See also: Box 41B, File 20; Box 64, Section 2,
Envelope 24); alleged donations to Portugal to both Left and Right;
CIA in Angola with arms airlift; distress over US Senate denying clandestine
aid to anti-communist fighters in Angola; effects of Cuban involvement
in Angola on détente with the USA. See also Box 64, Section 2,
Envelope 1.
2. Rhodesia. See also Series 8, Box 64, Section 2, Envelope 1. Clippings:
undated. Note by Cookridge; denial of CIA role in spy trial; violation
of sanctions against Rhodesia by US to obtain chromium.
3. Uganda Coup, 1971. The advent of Idi Amin.
4. Spying on Friends (France/Algeria). Clippings: 1961, 1965. de Gaulle;
CIA involvement in revolt in Algiers; fuss over US-based, clumsy, low-altitude
photo-reconnaissance flight over French top-secret atomic plant; admission:
"We spy on our friends, too"; report to US Congress that CIA
was accused of a plot to poison de Gaulle in 1960s.
5. Haiti Invasion, 1969-1970. Clipping: 1970. Expectation of war of
words between Nixon administration and CBS.
6. Bay of Pigs, 1961. See also Series 8, Box 64, Section 2, Envelope
23. Clippings: 1961-1975. Resentment of rebels over CIA mismanagement
of the invasion; text of speech by Thos. J. Dodd on "The Problem
of the Soviet Quisling Regime in Cuba and the Future of Latin America."
(Original; 16 pp); review of Haynes Johnson's book The Bay of Pigs
(McMaster Call # F1788.J6); conversion of battle site into Cuban playground.
7. Chile. Plots against Allende's elections, 1970; Plots with ITT to
overthrow him, 1973. See also Box 63, Section 2, Envelope 19; Box 64,
Section 1, Envelopes, 9, 25. Clippings: 1972-78. Alleged attempts by
ITT to interfere in Chile's domestic affairs and prevent the election
of Allende; CIA involvement in similar task; role of Henry Kissinger;
President Ford's attempts to contain consequences of CIA operations;
justification by Kissinger of intervening in the internal affairs of
some countriesto destabilize regimes unfavourable to the USA;
opinion pieces from Britain on the disquiet this provokes; charges that
Chiles Foreign Minister was a CIA agent.
8. C.I.A. Operations. Middle East: Arab Countries and Israel. Clipping:
1971. Supposedly secret investigation by CIA of potential upset to the
balance of power supported by the USA.
9. C.I.A. Operations. In South-East Asia: Singapore. Clippings: 1971.
Expulsion of three foreign journalists from the Singapore Herald
which the left-wing government alleged was being supplied with funds
by the CIA; five days later, the government revoked the paper's printing
permit, much against the protests of the other English-language newspaper;
Chase-Manhattan's Chairman, David Rockefeller, threatened with closure
of the bank in Singapore unless he cancelled a loan the bank made to
the Herald.
10. C.I.A. Operations. Soviet Submarine raising: Operation Jennifer
Clippings: 1975, 1976. The Glomar Explorer, financed by the CIA,
attempted to recover a sunken Soviet nuclear submarine; CIA admitted
it had raised about 1/3 of the sub, but said that no nuclear warheads,
or the ships code books were among the salvaged material; doubts
of this account emerged three days later, by 1976 the fact that the
CIA had raised enough of the sub was well-known.
11. C.I.A. Operations. Bases in the Bahamas (1971) set up by anti-Castro
troops. Clippings: 1968, 1971. Discoveries by British Commandoes on
uninhabited islands of the Bahamas.
12. C.I.A. Operations. Dominican Republic-Landing of US Troops (1965).
Clippings: 1965-1975. Text from US Information Service on 'Extreme Communist
Danger in Santo Domingo'; subsequent American intervention in the Dominican
Republic.
13. CIA Operations. In Guatemala (1963); ouster of President Yidigores
Fuentes, and Dictator Azurdia. Also 1968 killing of UA Ambassador Mein
in 1968. Clippings: 1968, 1973. Item on the murder of Hector Solis.
14. C.I.A. Operations. Secret Interventions in South America: Bolivia,
Peru, etc. Missionaries used as agents. Clippings: 1968, 1975. Guevara's
diaries and political consequences for Bolivia; Juan Velasco's political
and economic turmoil in Peru; CIA role in mutiny and violence; stated
collusion between American missionaries and the CIA.
Section 5-C.I.A. Agents
1. CIA Agents. Names divulged by Counterspy 1975-1976. Clippings:
1974-1976. Socialist attempts to destroy the CIA by naming agents (See
also: Series 8, Box 63, Section 3, Envelope 1); murder of Richard Welch
(see also: Series 8, Box 64, Section 5, Envelope 5) as a consequence
of such revelations; the CIA had no authority to prevent leakages of
names.
2. CIA Agents. Castro Assassination Plans. (See also CIA Investigations,
General: Series 8, Box 64, Section 1, Envelope 6.). Clippings: 1965-1976.
Accusations from Cuba that the CIA, by 1971, had hatched 6 plots to
kill Castro; used Baptist clergy as agents; that President Kennedy and
the Attorney General Robert Kennedy had authorized one plot in 1962;
Frank Sinatra was questioned by the CIA about their own plot to use
Mafia figures as assassins; Assassination of Mafia Chief Giancana in
Chicago because he knew too much about the plot; questions about the
killer(s): Mafia, or CIA?
3. CIA Agents. Betrayal and Killing in Bolivia of CIA agents and Che
Guevara (1967). Clippings: 1968. Items pointing fingers at Castro, or
the CIA, in Guevaras shooting in 1967.
4. CIA Agents. Czechoslovakia, Poland, East Germany. Clippings: 1966-1970.
Anti-government satirical newspaper in Prague; expulsion of US military
attaché Edward H. Metzger in Warsaw on charges of spying; jailing of
Prof. Josef Parnas in Poland for five years after a secret trial; Frederick
Eidlin of Rochester, NY, arrested on 'suspicion of espionage' in Prague;
as a student, he had once worked for Radio Free Europe.
5. CIA Agents. Control of Greek Colonels' Junta. Clippings: 1971-1974.
'Top Secret' document reporting the connection between the Greek Junta
and the CIA; CIA's using Papadopoulos as a puppet; Kissinger apparently
told the CIA to stop meddling in Greece; resignation of Henry Tasca,
Ambassador to Greece.
6. CIA Agents. CIA in Spain. Clippings:1975, 1976. Station Head R. Gehagen,
and list of names. Copy of article from Cambio (214) January
12, 1976: pp 6-11; short biography of Richard Welch, murdered later
that year in Athens.
7. CIA Agents. In Sweden (1976). Disclosure in Fib-Kulturfront.
CIA agent Bruce Hutchins; attempt at recruiting agent for Angola. Clipping:
11 March 1976 from Red Weekly (p. 11). Report of his attempt
to recruit Kenyan journalist Arthur Opot for intelligence work in Angola.
8. CIA Agents. Noel Field; died in Budapest, September 1970. Obit (15
September, 1970); mention in two paragraphs of text entitled International
Communist Movement. See also Box 2, File 22, Item 16: studio photograph
ca. 1944.
9. CIA Agents. Svetlana Stalin. Clippings: 1967-1968. Defected to the
West, but was rejected by the USA, perhaps because of a secret agreement
between the USSR and the USA; remained in Switzerland for 'rest'; attempt
by Hearst publishers to pay $1 million for her story; eventually allowed
into USA, and her story was purchased by Harper and Row with serialization
rights by Life magazine and New York Times. See also Box
53, Section 4, Envelope 4.
10. CIA Agents. Journalists as CIA agents, including British: "Reuters
Allegations". Clippings: 1973-1976. CIA's admission they sometimes
created 'false news' for foreign news media; the denials of fulltime
journalists that they were CIA agents.
11. CIA Agents. Ex-agent Philip Agee: disclosures on Latin America.
Clippings: 1974-1976. See Box 41B, F.20; Box 64, Section 2, Env. 24,
and Section 4, Env. 1. Clippings: 1974-1976. Agee's involvement in helping
to influence the Chilean election , his conviction that the USA was
interested in supporting the 'ruling classes'; review of his book; further
revelations promised.
12. CIA Agents in Russia, including V. G. Kalinin, executed in February,
1975. Clippings: 1958-1975. Arrests of 'spies', either in government
or as tourists; of diplomatic incidents; accusations of inappropriate
activities by US and Canadian military attaches; detention and harassment
of Russell A. Langelle, US embassy attaché; suggestion that the executed
Kalinin had been CIA agent.
13. CIA Agents in Australia. '"Whitlam Fall" caused by Governor
General Kerr, a CIA agent'. Clippings: 1975, 1976. Internal Australian
politics as Labour Prime Minister Gough Whitlam created a constitutional
crisis when he tried to get a money bill past the Opposition, and wanted
to hold an election for half the Senate; Sir John Kerr dismissed the
government; the Village Voice in New York City claimed the Governor
General acted on the advice of the CIA.
14. CIA Agents. Joe David Kaplan (1971); rescue from a Mexican jail.
Clipping: 1971. Convicted of murdering a fellow American who, Kaplan
claimed, had substituted another body for his own, and had left Mexico;
the escape was carried out by helicopter. That he was a CIA agent was
established, but the claim was he had been 'cut loose' by them after
the alleged murder.
Section 6: Investigations by Rockefeller/Senate Committees, House of
Representatives
Note: see also: Surveillance
Opening of Mail, Box 64,
Section 1, Envelope 13; Spying Inside USA, Section 1, Envelope
26; Text of the Pike Report, Box 65, File 4
USA-Investigations of the C.I.A. by Rockefeller/Senate and House of
Representatives Committees, 1975-1976
1. Spying inside the USA (1974). Disclosures on CIA snooping on American
politicians and 'suspects'. Clippings: 1973-1975. Claims by individuals
and 'sources' of illegal CIA operations within the USA; breaking its
charter; accusation of more than 100 break-ins in foreign-owned houses,
US properties during the first Nixon administration; threats of muzzling
the CIA; spying on Eartha Kitt after she criticized the Vietnam War;
attempts to bug family pets; CIA and Watergate: how deeply was the CIA
involved?; almost unanimous vote of the Senate to investigate the CIA
in detail; threat of 'Orwellian' technology in NSA's invading the privacy
of Americans.
2. Resignation of top officials after disclosure of CIA spying inside
the USA. Clippings: December 31, 1974.
3. House of Representatives' Investigations (1975-1976): Chairman, Rep.
Otis Pike. See also Parts I and II of published Pike Report in Box 65,
File 4. Clippings: 1975-1976. Threat of charges against Dr. Henry Kissinger
for failure to produce requested documents; complaint by Pike that CIA
tried to discredit him.
4. Chairman Frank Church of the Senate Investigation Committee. Clippings:
1975-1976, and undated. Variability of CIA stories; guilt of agency
in contriving murder plots against foreign leaders; need for covert
operations; exposé of operation to get rid of Allende in Chile; bribery
by Lockheed Corp.
Section 7: USA-C.I.A. Green Berets and Mercenaries
1. USA-C.I.A. Green Berets-Special Forces (1). Clippings: 1969-1975.
Connection between Green Berets and CIA; accusations against eight Green
Berets in death of probable Vietnamese double agent; trial dropped because
CIA refused to bring witnesses; presence of US spies in Cambodia more
than a year before the US army invaded Cambodia; attempts to rescue
American prisoners from camp near Hanoi foiled as the prisoners were
gone; questions about whether US troops were in Laos received equivocal
answers, although Greet Berets had been seen; loss of CIA base in Laos;
1976 report on recruitment of mercenaries.
2. USA-C.I.A. Green Berets-Special Forces (II). Articles: undated (probably
1975), 1975. Article about Green Berets as 'the most publicized clandestine
army in history'.
Section 8: National Security Agency (NSA)
1. General. Clippings: 1969-1975. Loss of a spy plane belonging to NSA;
access to nuclear warheads by 'weekend warriors'; controversy over length
of hair; automatic computer surveillance of messages entering and leaving
the USA, by the NSA.
2. Cryptography, Coding, Cryptanalysis. Clipping: 1956, 1969. Possible
award for American Cryptographer, William Friedman; his 1969 obit.
3. Spy Ships: AGERS (Auxiliary General Electronics Research Ships).
Clippings: 1969-1975. Comments on North Koreans shooting down an American
spy plane; views of the Pueblo; the gamble these ships take in
foreign waters; US air attacks in Cambodia over the capture of the merchant
ship Mayaguez; observation of the construction of North Korean
subs from spy plane printed images; role of sound equipment in spy war.
4. Spy Satellites. Clippings: 1964-1976. Fears of war; articles about
gadgetry in space; the attempt by Russia to shoot down a satellite in
space; escalating activities.
5. Pueblo affair, 1968. Clippings: 1968-1975. Boarding and impounding
of the US spy ship by North Korea; Russias attempts to prevent
UN Security Council discussion of the problem; threats against crew;
diplomatic fallout; negotiations; 'confessions' required by North Korea;
release of crew after 11 months of beatings, poor food, and captivity
because a 'false' admission of guilt was signed by the US; the debriefing
process; congressional investigation; the Navy wanted to court-martial
the captain of the ship for his failure to resist the capture; errors
in navigational devices; aftermath.
6. The Pueblo: Commander Bucher's Story. Clippings: 1970-1975.
Serialized account July 5-26, 1970; savage personal attack on Bucher
in book by one of the former crew.
7."Ivory Coast Affair". Empty envelope.
8. CIA and Vietnam. Clippings: 1968-1970. Early recognition of the endlessness
of the potential conflict; infiltration of South Vietnam by Viet Cong
intelligence agents.
9. CIA and China. Clippings: 1969, 1971. Interference in the Russia-China
border conflict; revelation of routine CIA operation from Laos into
China.
10 CIA in Algeria. Clippings: 1969. Reported CIA link to plot to overthrow
the Algerian President; article about Frantz Fanon.
11. CIA in Germany. Clipping: 1975. Death of Robert Wood who fell from
the 14th floor of a Munich apartment building.
12. In Germany (Berlin Tunnel) (1956). Empty Envelope. See Box 47, Section
2, Envelope 13.
13. In Germany: NTS-Solidarists. Empty envelope, but see Box 57, Section
2, Envelope 1.
14. CIA General, Agents. Clippings: 1969-1975.
15. Murder of Richard Welch in Athens, 1975. Clippings: 1975-1976. Anonymous
letters in an Athens English-language newspaper named agents of both
CIA and KGB active in Athens, and addresses, telephone numbers, and
cover stories (December 3, 1975); Welch shot December 24, 1975; confirmation
of agent status by USA; burial in Arlington with full honours; in March
1976, Greek publishers sentenced to short jail terms for printing reports
about Welch's murder; the publishers were allowed to pay small fines,
and were freed; see also several other references to Richard Welch's
murder in other envelopes in Series 8.
16. CIA agents South America: Carlos Evertsz. Trujillo! Asylum in UK,
Nov. 1970. Clippings: 1971. Secret agent in the Dominican Republic,
Evertsz was accused of complicity in murdering Trujillo's assassins;
articles about his background and assignments as a CIA agent.
17. CIA agents: Howard Hunt (Involved in Cuba, retired 1970, and employed
as a 'plumber' in the Watergate break-in; 1963: station chief in Mexico;
flew with Barker and Sturgis to Dallas before the Kennedy assassination;
1970, looked for assassins of Wallace.) Clippings: 1973-1974. Hunt's
testimony before the Senate inquiry into Watergate; op-ed on the assassination
of John Kennedy during the Warren Commission hearings; asking where
Hunt, Barker and Sturgis were at the time; CIA's 1974 censoring the
Senate report on the CIA role in Watergate.
18. CIA and Oatis Case: Czech admission of framing. Clipping: 1969.
Associated Press agent and two Czech translators convicted on Czech-manufactured
evidence of spying.
19. CIA agents and operations in India. Clipping: 1974. After Allende
overthrow, Indian parliament introduced a bill to monitor the flow of
secret foreign funds into India.
20. CIA agents in Italy, and bribes. Clippings: January, 1976. Left-wing
naming of some CIA agents, reported attempts to fund a coup by a so-called
'neo-fascist', General Vito Miceli; denial by the US embassy in Rome.
21. CIA agents-Middle East. Clippings: 1960-1970. Israeli secret reactor
seen by U2 spy plane; US Information Service publication entitled, "US
concerned about Mid-East arms race."; Detention of American couple
in Bag(h)dad; expulsion of American diplomats from Sudan; CIA tip prevented
coup against King Feisal; accusation in Iraq that Egyptian newspaper
editor was CIA agent.
22. CIA in Middle East-General. Clippings: 1968-1976. Nasser firing
his Prime Minister, Zakaria Mohieddin; jailing of Egyptian war commanders;
after burning of El Aqsa mosque, threats of withdrawal of Arab oil to
the West; Yasser Arafat's 1970 accusation that the war between Palestine
and Jordan was scripted by the CIA; Arab-Israeli negotiations (1970);
withdrawal of British troops from the Persian Gulf by the end of 1971;
supposed supply of 'girls' by CIA to King Hussein.
23. CIA agents in the Balkans: including Hungary, Rumania, Bulgaria,
Albania, Yugoslavia. Clippings: 1961-1966. Albanian spy trial; RFE documents
about Albanian spy trials and accusations of being CIA agents; RFE report
of executions in Bulgaria.
24. CIA agents-Far East. Clippings: 1951-1975. Amateur activities as
a spy in the Philippines; opposition of CIA to American government policies
in Laos; ransom fund (1968) for American businessman, Hugh F. Redmond,
accused in 1951 of being a spy; political imprisonment of Rosemary Conway
in Laos.
Box 65
Oversized material placed in file folders.
F.1 Churchill, Winston-Memorial magazines (Feb 1, 1965): Sunday Times,
Daily Mail, Life (USA). Colour images, b&w historical images,
some text; "Churchill Digest" (1965) reprinted from the Reader's
Digest, and with a foreword by Lord Attlee. published by The Reader's
Digest Association Limited, London, 64 pp. See also: Box 36, File 10.
F.2.Churchill, Winston-Memorial newspaper (Feb. 1, 1965): Woodrow Wyatt
Newspaper group. Colour images. See also Box 36, File 10
F.3 Crapouillot Issues #5 Jean Galtier-Boissière: L'Histoire
de la Guerre 1939-1945 (Part V of a five-part series); #15 'La
Farce des Services Secrets'; #20, ?1954: "Les Sociétés Secrètes".
Original issues; condition is fragile. See also: Box 6B, File 16, Item
5.
F.4 USA-CIA: Pike Senate Sub-committee Report. Text published in The
Village Voice February 16, 23, 1976, pp 70-92 Part I, "Special
Supplement" 'An Introduction by Aaron Latham'. This section is
the overview of the frustrations the subcommittee faced; Part II is
(February 23) pp. 60-68. Title: "How Kissinger, the White House,
and the CIA obstructed the investigation", in the Editor's opinion,
the reaction of the subcommittee to the publication of Part I in this
newspaper, and of attempts by obstructionists to dilute the findings
of the subcommittee as appears herein. The Report was in three parts:
Part III is not here. See also Box 63, File 10.
F.5 USA- Intelligence-CIA: The Yellow List: Where is the CIA? Clipping:
1969/1970. The DDR's list of organizations in North and South America,
Europe, North Africa and Asia. Produced by Dr. Julius Mader, from East
Germany, who frequently corresponded with Cookridge. The list contains
the names of almost every top-ranked University in the USA, banks, etc.
See also Box 63, File 10.
F.6. British Royalty. Three original issues of news magazines celebrating
the wedding of Princess Anne and Captain Mark Phillips. "The wedding
of Her Royal Highness The Princess Anne and Captain Mark Phillips, Westminster
Abbey, November 14, 1973. Published by: King Georges Jubilee
Trust 34 pp; "The Royal Wedding" December, 1973. Illustrated
London News, 141 pp, of which 74 pp is an account of the wedding;
"Royal Wedding" November 14, 1973, The Sunday Times,
21 pp.
F.7 British History, World War II: Original Reprint from Paris Match
(pp 18-32) undated, entitled, "Cartier, R. Les Cinq Journées
qui ont Decidé du Sort de la Guerre". Condition is fragile.
See also Box 4, File 2.
F.8 British History: Newspaper Supplement: "One Hundred Years in
Pictures" 64 pp, The Daily Telegraph. Condition is fragile.
F.9 United States, Miscellaneous: US Information Service Publications:
"Presidential Elections in the United States"(1956), 10 pp;
"The American Elections" (1964), 32 pp; "United States
History" (1954), 48 pp; "The Great Society" (1966), 37
pp of President Johnson; all booklets.
F.10 British Miscellaneous Booklets. "Attack on Inflation: A Policy
Guide for Survival" (ca. 1975). H.M. Stationery Office,
14 pp; "The Agitators: Extremist Activities in British Industry"
(ca. 1975), Service to Industry Series, #3 The Economic League, London,
75 pp; Official Programme for "The Royal Tournament for the Benefit
of Naval. Marine, Army, and Air Force charities and the encouragement
of skill-at-arms" (1962), The Royal Tournament, 64 pp.
F.11 United States. Communism; the Socialist Workers Party. "Healey's
Big Lie: the Slander Campaign Against Joseph Hansen, George Novack,
and the Fourth International" (1976), The National Education
Department, Socialist Workers Party, New York, 87 pp. Original newsprint
magazine.
F.12 USSR-Soviet European Satellites. Stowe, L."Conquest By Terror"
(ca. 1962). Reader's Digest Condensed Books (British); excision
and binding of pp 105-151 inclusive. See also Box 51, Section 5, File
1 ff.
F.13 Romania/Rumania. English Language Travel Brochure. No date, 22
pp..
F.14 Leaders of the Luftwaffe: 1942-1943. Series of one-page weekly
articles (#s II - XXV) from The Aeroplane, on short biographies
of the principal leaders of the Luftwaffe. See also: Box 48, Section
2, Envelope 19.
F.15 "Treasure they Buried Again" Material looted by the Nazis,
including 'King Priam's Treasure', and the Amber Room from the Hermitage.
See also Box 47, Section 8, Envelope 15.
F.16 Times Supplement entitled "Russia" (November 6,
1967), marking the 50th anniversary of the 1917 Revolution. Issue in
both Russian and English, with side-by-side translations; 24 pages.
Original issue.
F.17 Saudi Arabia: Times Supplements on Riyadh, Jiddah (Jeddah),
Oman (1977); advertising supplement on services available to Arabs living
in Britain (1977); article on Jamil Baroody of the UN (1975). See also:
Box 74, Section 3, Envelope 1; Box 74, Section 4, Envelope 1; Box 71,
Section 4, Envelope 7 in connection with advertising supplement.
F.18 "Planet Earth" 140-page, plus 3-page 'appendix' Sunday
Times Magazine supplement, individual chapters written by authors
with intimate knowledge of the regions. Outlines political entities,
leaders, flags, cultures, continent by continent. Publication date unknown,
but circa 1971. Note particularly John Kenneth Galbraith's disquisitions
on the USA and Canada.
F.19 "Afro-Asian Affairs" Jan.-August, 1975. Journal describes
itself as "Private reports and (mostly overlooked) public records
concerning policies - and policymakers - of the Third World and about
its relations with the Great and the Super Powers"; Covering letter
from Jon Kimche, looking for subscriptions.
F.20. China: Magazine articles, 1966-1971, and undated, in English and
German. Chinese leaders; military; surveys of Maos China.
F.21 China: Foreign Relations V: news and opinions expressed by Radio
Free Europe (RFE) about matters in the Communist area. Scripts:
June 1970-May, 1971. Approximately 50 typescripts of broadcasts by RFE,
sometimes more than one per week, dealing with events and opinions in
the Communist area, as defined by RFE.
F.22 Brazil: Financial Times article, 1978
Box 66
Section 1: Arab-Israeli War, 1967
1. Prelude: Russia's fear of Israeli attack on Syria; Gen. Glubb believed
Russia 'started' war. Clippings: 1967. Egyptian, Israeli mobilizations,
pre-conflict tensions, including the Egyptian blockade of the Gulf of
Aqaba; the Russian interest in Syria; post-conflict articles about the
fight, including Nasser's mobilization calls.
2. General Reports. Clippings: 1967-1972. The background to and the
events of the conflict; lessons learned; special report on the progress
of the war.
3. The Churchill Report, serialized. Clippings: July 9, 16, 1967. Review
of the book on the Six-Day War, written by Randolph Churchill and his
son Winston; two-part series from the book.
4. The War in Pictures. Clippings: June 11, 1967.
5. Israeli reports. Clippings: June, 1967 and undated. The progress
of the war as seen by Israel; strategy and campaigns; list of Israeli
casualties up to and including June 11.
6. Suez-Sinai Front. Clippings:1967. Egypt's pre-conflict movements
in Sinai; their defeats during the war; post-conflict truce violations.
7.West Bank (Jordan) and Syrian Fronts. Clippings: 1967.
8. Clippings: 1967. Soviet aid to the Arabs. Soviet accusations of 'inspiration'
from the US and Britain for Israelis to fight; proportion of total Soviet
aid to the Arabs; approach of Russian warships upon shelling of Suez.
9. Soviet attitude after the war, also US reactions. Clippings: 1967.
Plea by President Johnson before the war to the Russians for joint action
to control Middle East tensions; caution of Russian policies toward
the region in the aftermath.
10. Accusations of Anglo-American assistance to Israel. Clippings: 1967-1970.
Lists of arms, equipment in Britain for Israel; denial by US of air
support for Israel, or participation in the conflict; Nasser's face-saving
accusations of aid from the West; subsequent vandalism in British embassies
in Arab countries.
11. Ceasefire-UN Resolution. Clippings: 1967-1968. Various stages in
the ceasefire; border changes; US urgings to heed the ceasefire resolution.
12. Commentaries after the Six-Day War. Clippings: 1967. Reviews of
the conflict both pre- and post-war; the problems of Israeli-Arab co-existence.
13. Aftermath until 1968. Clippings: 1967-1968. The Conference; Nasser's
plans to continue the conflict; Israeli destruction of the Suez refinery
in Egypt; life in Israel; the perceived potential for further conflict.
14. Aftermath: Sinking of the Israeli destroyer Elath by Russian-built
missiles. Clippings: October 1967. Sinking of the ship; Israeli threat
to fire on any Egyptian vessel approaching within 15 miles of an Israeli
boat.
15. Heikals Story Secrets of the Origin of the War
published in 1973. Clippings: October-November, 1973. Serial ( Parts
1, 2, and 4) of an account of the War from the Arab side, by Nasser's
biographer, Mohamed Heikal.
16. Israeli Anniversary Comments: "Why did we stop at Suez?"
(between 1968, 1973). Clippings: 1971, 1972. Israeli comments on the
anniversaries of the 1967 war.
Section 2: Arab-Israeli War, 1973
1. Air Battle against Syria, September, 1973; 13 Syrian MiGs downed.
Clippings: 1973. Account of the dogfights, and the loss of the Syrian
planes.
2. General Reports and Comments. Clippings: 1973. Pre-conflict Soviet
ultimatum, the attack by Syria and Egypt, and the resultant fighting,
in general terms.
3. Clippings: 1973. Arab-Israeli War, 1973. Articles chronicling the
war on a daily basis, from the start until after the ceasefire.
4. The Sunday Times Story. Clippings: 1973-1974. Background and
commentary on the war. Book reviews of "Insight on the Middle East
War" by the Sunday Times Insight Team.
5. The Sunday Telegraph Story, by Christopher Dobson and Ronald
Payne. Articles: 1973. A series of four articles.
6. Churchill's Report in The Observer. Clippings: December, 1973.
Two articles chronicling the war, written by Winston Churchill; article
in the Jewish Observer and Middle East Review about the lessons,
as reported by Churchill, learned by Britain and the US, from the war.
7. General Herzog's Story: "Why Israel almost lost" (excerpt
from his book: "The War of Atonement," Weidenfeld, June, 1975,
₤6). Clippings: 1975. Former director of Israeli Military Intelligence;
review of the book itself.
8. Arab Reports on operations, losses, etc. Clippings; 1973-1974. Articles
include claims of Israeli losses.
9 Israeli Reports on operations. losses, etc. Clippings: 1973-1974.
Articles include reports on prisoners, and alleged Egyptian mistreatment
of Israeli prisoners. See also Box 66, Section 2, Envelope 26.
10. Israeli Report on Role of Israeli Intelligence (blame for setbacks,
etc). Moishe Dayan. Clippings: 1973, undated
11. Sinai Front. Clippings: 1973, 1974 and undated. Fighting in the
Sinai, and along the Suez Canal.
12. Clippings: 1973, 1974, and undated. Pre-war air fighting in the
Golan area; battling in the Golan and Syrian areas during the war; post-war
UN Peace-keeping force.
13. Assistance from other Arab Countries: Libyan Mirages, Iraqi Troops,
Saudi and Moroccan troops, etc. Clippings: 1973.Reports of support for
Syria and Egypt from Iraq, Jordan, Libya, Saudi Arabia, Morocco, Algeria,
Sudan, and Kuwait.
14. Soviet help to Arabs, Airlift of arms, SAM missiles. Clippings:
1973-1974. Assistance to the Arabs from both the Soviet Union and other
Communist states. See also Box 51, Section 2, Envelope 4.
15. American Aid to Israel (Arms Airlift), and political aid. Clippings:
1973, and undated. Outline of US support for Israel in supplying aircraft
and weapons as well as US Jewish funding of Israel's development budget
for the year because of the cost of the war; deployment of US troops,
ships to the area to counter similar increases in the Soviet presence.
16. US and Soviet Weapons in Conflict. Clippings: 1973 The use of both
American and Soviet technologies in the war is discussed, and the influence
of these on the war's progress.
17. Nixon's Alert. Clippings: 1973-1974. Because of possible Soviet
intervention in the Arab-Israeli conflict, Nixon put US troops on alert.
18. First Kissinger Mission (1973); USA-Soviet Deal, etc.; Kissinger's
Mission to Moscow and the Middle East. Clippings: 1973. Israeli astonishment
at news of a made-in-Washington proposal for ceasefire; Kissinger's
conversations with Soviets, Arabs; joint Soviet-US resolution to the
UN; creation of UN peace-keeping force from nations not involved in
the conflict; personalities; reference to Aronson's book on negotiating
in the Middle East.
19. United Nations Intervention. Security Council and UN Peace-keeping
troops. Clippings: 1973. Talks at the Security Council and the establishment
of a UN Peace-keeping force.
20. Arab-Israeli War, 1973. 1973 Cease-fire Agreement. Clippings: 1973-1975.
The efforts to establish the cease-fire agreement, and its effects.
21. Hopes and Proposals for Peace Settlement: West Bank, Jerusalem,
Red Sea problems. Clippings: 1973-1975. Parkinson's rules for diplomacy;
balking of Israel over getting out of West Bank, west side of the Suez
Canal; Eban says keeping the west side of the Canal is not an objective;
in general, the prospects were gloomy.
22. Geneva Talks. Clippings: 1973-1974. December 1973 talks held in
Geneva to try to establish a peace settlement in the Middle East.
23. Israeli withdrawal from Egypt to the East side of the Suez Canal
(January, 1974). Clippings: 1973-1974.
24. Kissinger's Negotiations for disengagement with Syria (the Golan
Heights).Clippings: April-May, 1974. Notation by Cookridge: 'Before
children's massacre'.
25. Golan Disengagement, May-June, 1974. See also Kissinger's Middle
East Negotiations (previous envelope). Clippings: 1974.
26. Treatment of Prisoners; Allegations of Torture. Clippings: 1973.
Mutual complaints about torture of the prisoners of both sides by their
captors. See also Box 66, Section 2, Envelope 9.
27. British and European 'Neutrality' against Israel (arms embargo,
etc.); also Mrs. Meir's London visit 10 November 1973. Clippings: 1973-1974.
Practical one-sided embargo: Israel had difficulty getting repair parts
for its British-made Centurion tanks, but Britain supplied Saudi Arabia
with weapons and trained Egyptian pilots to fly British-made helicopters.
In the meantime, Russia was pouring armaments into Egypt. There was
much debate.
28. Aftermath: Nixon's visit, June, 1974. Visit to Arab countries and
Israel; also 'Prospects of Peace'. Clippings: 1972-1974. Contrived welcome
for the Nixons in Egypt, some enthusiasm elsewhere; demands from Saudi
King Faisal; renewed connections with Syria; Nixon urging Israel to
try peace, not war; scold for Arab terrorists for jeopardizing peace
process.
29. Aftermath: Growing war danger, 1974-1975. Kissinger's new efforts
in summer/autumn after Nixon's visit. Clippings: 1974. Continuation
of arms build-up, confusion for Arabs in the light of Watergate; warnings
about the Geneva peace talks; Keesing's summary report on tensions in
the Golan Heights. See also envelope 28 above.
30. The Road to Ramadan. Clippings: 1973. Series based on
Mohamed Heikal's book of the same name; secret diplomacy of war and
peace in the Middle East leading up to the 1973 war; a review of the
book.
31. Aftermath of 1973 War. Kissinger's new tour, October, 1974: Egypt,
Jordan, Syria, Saudi Arabia, Algeria, Morocco. Clippings: 1973-1974.
His attempts to start small-scale peace talks before the formal meetings
in Geneva.
Middle East Peace Talks after 1973 War: (Numbers 32 to 41)
32. Renewed danger of war in Winter, 1974, spring 1975. Clippings: 1974-1975.
Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) and their contribution to the
prospects of renewal of conflict; process complicated by the November
deadline for the renewal of the UN peace-keeping force's mandate on
the Golan Heights.
33. Kissingers Mission Failure early in 1975. Clippings: 1974-1975.
34. Soviet Desire for inclusion in Peace Talks (Geneva?), February 1975;
Gromyko in Cairo. Clippings: 1974-1975. The Soviet Union's involvement
in the Middle East war is reported, leading to their efforts to salvage
what influence they could regain, followed by peace initiatives.
35. Egypt's attitude, and conditions, Spring, 1975. Clippings: 1975.
Summary of Egypt's terms for peace.
36. Israel's unyielding attitude, Spring 1975, but concessions on Sinai.
Clippings: 1974-1975. Growing Arab support for the PLO, with resultant
pressure on the Israeli-Egyptian positions in the Sinai and Suez; proposed
Israeli withdrawals as a price for Peace and Peace Talks.
37. February to July, 1975. Optimism over Kissinger's diplomatic efforts,
but recognition of the deep divide that still separated the combatants.
38. August-September, 1975. Clippings: 1975, and undated. Reports of
the final stages of the peace process and the Israeli-Egyptian peace
accord.
39. Presidents Ford and Sadat in Salzburg. Clippings: May-June, 1975.
Items published in advance of the meeting.
40. Rabin's visits to President Ford after the Salzburg meeting. June
1975. Clipping: June, 1975. Rabin's planned visit, with Israel's five-point
policy toward a Middle East peace settlement.
41. Israel and the Golan Heights. Clipping: 1975. Account of Israel's
softening stand.
42. Egypt: United Nations troops on the Suez Canal; Egypt's demand for
withdrawal, July, 1975. Demand for removal of the UN peace-keeping force
from the Sinai.
43. Egypt: Agreement of U.N. peace force to stay on. Clippings: July,
1975. Renewal of the UN mandate for a further three months.
44. Middle-East Peace Attempts: Preparation for Geneva: USA-Soviet Proposals,
Dayan's Negotiations, etc. Clippings: 1977. Reports leading up to Moshe
Dayan's visit to President Carter; the results of that meeting and others
leading to the Geneva talks. See also in this Section, Envelopes 31
and following on the 1974-1975 peace process.
45. Middle East Conflicts: Background. Clippings: 1972 and undated.
Magazine articles giving background on Middle East countries and conflicts;
notes (Cookridge) about the problem.
46. Sinai Peninsula: Israeli Occupation: Negotiations. Clippings: 1974-1977.
The problems in Sinai; various peace negotiations; Israeli pullback
from the Suez Canal; US monitoring teams.
47. Golan Heights: UN Talks. Clippings: 1975. UN peace efforts, and
Syria. See also this Section, Envelope 29.
48. Middle East 1973 Arab-Israeli War. Israeli accusations of Syrian
torture of P.O.W.s, especially pilots, after Golan exchanges. Clippings:
1973-1974. Accusations of torture and maiming of Israeli combatants
by Syrians. See also this Section, Envelope 26.
Box 67
Israel
Section 1: Jews and Zionism
1. Jews-History. Clippings: 1891-1978 and undated. Jewish history, leaders,
geographical distribution and populations; Jews in Poland; handwritten
set of notes by Cookridge on the Diaspora.
2. Zionism. Clippings: 1946-1973, and undated. Zionism and its leaders.
German maps, in colour, (undated) of Palestine.
3. Religion-Judaism. Clippings: 1956-1978. Various aspects of Judaism.
4. "The Fall of Jericho". Copy of a modernized telling of
the story of the fall of Jericho as "The Inside Story of the Fall
of Jericho," by John Coates.
5. History, both Ancient and 20th Century. Clippings: 1977.
Magazine article about discoveries of clay tablets in Northern Syria;
account of history of the Sinai in the 20th Century.
6. Israel. Anti-Semitism/Racism. Clippings: 1974-1978. Reports of racism
in Austria, Britain, and Israel.
7. Jews and the Holocaust. Clippings: 1968-1978, and undated. Reports
of Holocaust relics, personal experiences, a movie about the Holocaust,
and its entry into the world of historical fiction.
Section 2: History, Struggle For Statehood, Fighting The British-Hagana.
1. The Palestine Mandate. Clippings: 1970-1978. Reports about the Palestine
Mandate and the move to the State of Israel; references to the book:
"The Struggle for Palestine"; those involved in the operation
of the Mandate.
2. Arab-Israeli Conflict. The Israeli perspective on the 1973 War. Clippings:
1973-1977. The violence; Israel's determination to remain firm; keep
the national borders; an article on the roots of the conflict; article
on the Arabs in Israel.
3. Israel-Early Years . Clippings: 1956, 1972. New York Herald Tribune
article on the eighth anniversary of the State of Israel; 1972 clipping
on 'might-have-beens' of Israel's birth.
4. Israel: History of Liberation. (25 Years Ago-1947) Clippings: 1968-1973.
Celebration of the 20th and 25th anniversaries of the State. A biography
of David Ben-Gurion is part of the 1973 clipping. See also this Section,
Envelope 8.
5. Israel/Palestine Fight for Independence: Stern Gang, the murder of
Lord Moyne (1944); transfer of remains of his murderers from Cairo to
Israel for reburial. Clippings: 1946-1976. Historical/geographical assessment
of states comprising the Middle East; the Arab League; Israeli territorial
expansion, and 'the 50-Year hate'; Lord Curzon's diplomatic error in
1918 that led to the trouble; 1897 conversation between Baron Hirsch
and Theodor Herzl; differing views of 'terrorists'; street named after
Abraham Stern (1967).
6. Israel. Jewish Brigade and SIS Friends in Second World War. Clipping:
1973. Report on the planting of a memorial forest in Israel in memory
of the Jewish Brigade of World War II.
7. British Secret Service: Palestine; Jewish terrorists. Clippings:
1946-1974. Terrorist activities of the Stern Gang inside Britain (1946);
court-martial of Roy Farran; imitation of IRA organization by Irgun
leaders, and 1973 obit for Michael Joseph McConnell who served both
with the Palestine Police Force, and the Royal Irish Constabulary.
8. Israel. Hagana, and David Ben-Gurion's Memoirs; his death, December
1, 1973. Clippings: 1956-1973. Several articles about Ben-Gurion and
his personal history; article about Hagana ('defense'). See also this
Section, Envelope 4.
9. Israel. Jewish (Diaspora) Support: Financial Aid, War Donations.
Clippings: Autumn, 1973. Reports of huge donations from British Jews
to Israel; clamour for airline seats on El Al.
Section 3: Government and Politics
1. Israel, Presidency. Clippings: 1968-1978. Reports on Presidents Shazor,
Katzir, Weizmann, and Navon.
2. Israel. Knesset: Speaker, etc. Clippings: 1972. Review of Eliahu
Likhovski's book, "Israel's Parliament: the Law of the Knesset";
article on Yisrael Yeshayahu, the Labour Party's choice for Speaker
(1972), and the criticism over their choice; presence and purpose of
the Soviet fleet in the Mediterranean.
3. Israeli Government. Menachem Begin. Clippings: 1977. His surprise
election as a right-wing leader; controversy over his invitation to
Britain; comparison between Begin and 'fundamentalist Christian' President
Jimmy Carter; [Carter is NOT a fundamentalist
]); card with reference
to article in the journal of The Foreign Affairs Research Institute,
#16, August, 1977.
4. Israeli Government. Resignation of Yitzhak Rabin. Clippings: 1976-1977.
The coalition government's difficulties; his departure forced by the
discovery of two illegal bank accounts he and his wife held in Washington;
he was fined, but his wife was to stand trial.
5. Israel, Elections 1977. Likud Victory. Clippings: 1977. Pre- and
post-election maneuvering to obtain a coalition government. Those involved
included Dayan, Rabin, Peres, Yadin.
Israeli Government:
6. Yigael Yadin; Party for Democratic Change (Election, 1977). Clippings
about Yadin, the founder of the Israeli army, archaeologist, and leader
of the political party 'the Democratic Movement for Change'.
7. Rabin Government, Financial Scandals, Suicide of Housing Minister
Ofer. Clippings: 1975-1977.
8. Rabin Government, 1974. Yigal Allon, Foreign Minister, Shimon Peres,
Defense, General Aharon Yariv, Information (resigned). Clippings: 1974-1977.
Outlines of the machinations leading to the formation of Gen. Rabin's
government; his background; the challenges facing him and his government;
data on members of his Cabinet, policies; his desire for peace; corruption
issues that brought down the government.
9. General Elections, 1973, and New Cabinet, March, 1974. Members: Golda
Meir, Yigal Allon Deputy Prime minister, and Minister of Education;
Abba Eban, Foreign Minister; Gen. Moshe Dayan, Minister of Defense;
Yitzhak Rabin, Minister of Labour; Gen Aharon Yariv, Minister of Transport.
Clippings: 1972-1974, and undated. Dissension within the Labour Party;
the personalities involved' background to the election; Mrs. Meir's
narrow win and the negotiations to form a government; factional fighting
in her party; her resignation as Premier.
10. General Election, 1969. Golda Meir, Prime Minister. Pre-election
leadership article; election results; article on Mrs. Meir; book reviews
of Mrs. Meir's autobiography "My Life", a four-part series
based on the book.
11. General Elections 1965. Eshkol as Prime Minister (since 1964). Clippings:
1965-1967. Election results; the personalities and postures of the Israeli
leaders.
12. Moshe Dayan. Clippings: 1966-1977. His activities, and his family;
political life also covered in above files covering several Israeli
governments; two series in envelope: Daily Telegraph series,
Parts I, III, and IV; three-part Observer Magazine series based
on his book The Story of My Life"; reviews of the book.
13. Foreign Policy; Abba Eban, Foreign Minister 1965-1974; before that,
Minister of Education, Deputy Prime Minister, and UN Delegate. Clippings:
1967-1977. His background; period as Foreign Minister; his family; FBI
attempts to wiretap him; his peace initiatives.
14. Yigal Allon, Deputy Prime Minister to Golda Meir, Foreign Minister,
1975. Clippings: 1973-1976. His advocacy of equal opportunities in Israel
for education whatever the racial origin of the students; his ambitions
to be Prime Minister when Mrs. Meir stepped down; his concern about
attempts by Europe to appease "Arab extremism".
15. Leaders and Ministers. Clippings: 1971-1976, and undated. First
Arab Minister appointed (1971), Abdul Aziz Zuabi, as Deputy Minister
of Health; profiles of the 'hawks' (1972) controlling Israel; book review
of "Herzl"; articles on Weizmann and comparison with Churchill;
obit of Pinhas Sapir.
16. Foreign Ministry and Service Diplomats. Clippings: 1971-1975. Profiles
of Gideon Raphael, Mordecai Gazit, Zeidan Atshe, Yissakhar Ben-Yaachov,
Abraham Harman; book review by Walter Eytan.
17. Foreign Affairs: Ambassadors and Diplomats in Britain: Comay, Rafael.
Clippings: 1967-1977. Articles about two Israeli diplomats: Michael
Comay and Gideon Rafael; review of a book by Hanoch Bartov An Israeli
at the Court of St. Jamess, about life as an Israeli diplomat
in Britain.
18. Information Service and Broadcasting, including references to Shimon
Peres, Gen. Yariv. Clippings: 1968, 1974, and undated. Israel Broadcasting
schedule; Arabic broadcasting for Israel during the 1967 War; information
service personnel appointments by Shimon Peres as Minister of Information.
19. Menachem Begin; from terrorist to Prime Minister. Clippings: 1977.
Review of his earlier activities; the election; his activities as Prime
Minister, including ousting religious party members of cabinet; settlement
activities.
Section 4: Israel, Political Parties-Opposition
1. Extremist Opposition Groups. Clippings 1972-1977. Activities of Jewish
Defense League, Amichai Paglin, Meir Kahane, Avahram Hershkovita, Moshe
Levinger, ultra-Zionists and other left-wing, and extreme right-wing
groups.
2. Herut-Likud, Gahal; Menachem Begin. Clippings: 1972. Agitation in
London over Begin's first visit after his terrorist activities there;
his domestic political position.
3. Israeli Secret Service; Jewish Underground against the Government
(Rabbi Kahane and Others), 1972. Clippings: 1971-1974. Activities of
the Jewish Defense League and its militant leaders, Meir Kahane and
Amichai Paglin. Abie Nathan's pirate radio station 'Voice of Peace'
The gap between Oriental and Western Jews in Israel.
4. Communists in Israel. Clippings: 1970-1976. The personnel and activities
of the Israeli Communist Party; RFE 1970, 1971 publications about 'MAKI',
the original Israeli Communist Party; note about Dunia Nahas's book:
The Israeli Communist Party. (ISBN: 085664109X; at McMaster University
Library: JQ 1825. P373 K683).
Section 5: Israel, Population-Immigration
1. General Census, Living Conditions, etc. Clippings: 1972-1976. Ultraconservative
protest at Sex Shop; problems in Galilee with Arab-Israeli tensions;
Israeli settlers leaving; life in Israel.
2. Cities, Jerusalem. Clippings: 1969-1978. Jerusalem's History, its
interfaith nature, and the weather; current Jerusalem politics.
3. Young People, both Jews and Arabs. Clippings: 1970-1974. Conversations
among young Israelis about the effect of the Six-Day War on their generation;
the young people of Israel and Egypt; Israel's cure for school drop-outs.
4. Aliya. New Immigrants, problems of settling. Clippings: 1972, 1976.
Soviet and Ethiopian Jews coming to Israel.
5. New Immigrants from USSR (1973-1975): (Dissatisfaction, and departure)
Clippings: 1973-1978. Reports on some of the problems faced by immigrants
from the USSR; the numbers who either did not go to Israel after leaving
the USSR, or who later left; reports of those leaving Israel.
6. Religious Problems. Clippings: 1971-1972. The effect of religion
on daily life; Rabbi Shlomo Goren and his rulings in the "Langer
Affair".
Section 6: Israel, Economics
1.Art, Theatre, Film, TV, etc. Clipping: 1973. Progress in the arts
and music in Israel; quaint metaphors, personages.
2. Budget Problems, High Taxes (to pay for war and defense). Clippings:
1973-1978, and undated. Reports on tax measures to pay for the 1973
war, and re-arming. The effect of dropping currency on the budget, resulting
in increased taxes and import duties; the effect of inflation on the
country; tax dodgers and protests; Observer (May, 1977) report
on inflation in Israel, based on talks with Chaim Bar-Lev, the Israeli
Minister of Commerce and Industry; reports of labour strikes.
3. Tourism. Clippings: 1972-1976. Israel as a destination for tourists,
both pilgrims and vacationers. The effects on tourism of terrorism and
continued fighting, and the increased tourism once calm has been restored.
4. Enterprise, Exports, Trade, etc. Clippings: 1967-1977. Israeli chemical
industry, shipping fleet; the growth of the economy; British trade with
Israel; 1974 cessation of civilian building in former defense installations;
retraining program for immigrants; buying 'American Eagle' jets manufactured
in Britain, to outdo MiG fighters.
5. Trade Unions: Histadrut. General Election, September 11, 1973.
Clippings: 1971-1976. General election of Labour (Histadrut)
and their influence on politics; Rabin's problems in 1974 with trade
union leaders, and his government's austerity measures; threatened strikes.
6. Bank and Commercial Frauds, Bankruptcies. Clippings: 1974-1976. Financial
scandals involving the Israel Corporation, Michael Tsour(Tzur) and Tibor
Rosenbaum; the Israeli Defense Ministry, and its suppliers; The suspicions
around Asher Yadlin as a potential Governor of the Bank of Israel.
7. Currency Devaluation, Inflation, etc. Clippings: 1975-1977. Trade
deficits, high inflation, decline in currency reserves and subsequent
devaluation of the currency in November, 1974; results of the devaluation;
continuing small monthly devaluations in 1975; severing of the link
between the Israeli pound and the US dollar (1976); establishment of
relationship between Israeli pound and British sterling, the Deutschmark,
the French franc, and the Dutch florin; court intervention when US bank
tried to sell Israeli ships to cover a mortgage; 1977 analysis of Israel's
economic condition.
8. Oil Supplies from Iran. Clippings: 1975. Reports of an offer to assist
Israel with oil, if the Abu Rhodeis oilfields were returned to Egypt
as part of the Sinai pullback.
9. Oilfields in Sinai. Clippings: 1973-1976. Reports on Israel's activities
in the Sinai oilfields; the financial implications of returning the
oilfields to Egypt; oil discovery in the West Bank; labour unrest in
the Eilat-to-Askelon oil pipeline.
Section 7: Israel, Relations with Other Countries
1. Israel and the United States (Jews in the United States). Clippings:
1976-1978. US-Israeli visits; Israeli fears of US recognition of the
PLO; Jews in the United States, and the Jewish Lobby in the US.
2. South Africa: Vorster's Visit (1976). Clippings: 1976.
3. The UN: Jarring Mission (1971-). Clippings: 1968-1976. UN efforts
(Gunnar Jarring) with Israel to halt conflicts between Israel and the
Arab countries; Post-1973 War UN events, and the US blocking of a Security
Council resolution.
4. UN Organization and Waldheim. Waldheim's visit to the Middle East,
August, 1973. Waldheim's efforts toward a Middle East peace settlement.
5. Relations with Arabs. Clippings: 1967-1974. Arab life in Israel;
the tensions between Israel and the Arabs outside Israel.
6. With the Arabs after the 1967 War. Clippings: 1967-1976. Arab refugees
return to Israeli-occupied Jordan (The West Bank); problems on the Golan
Heights; reports of Israeli-Palestinian negotiations; Kissinger's 1975
Middle East peace efforts, and Egypt's rejection of them; Israel as
scapegoat for the Middle East wars.
7. Russia (1975). Secret Emissaries to Israel, secret parleys; the Archbishop
of Moscow. Clippings: 1972-1976. The visit of Metropolitan Pimer, Patriarch
of Moscow, in 1972; Russian moves in the Middle East attempting to improve
relations with Israel.
8. USSR and other Communist States. Clippings: 1967-1977. Lenin's anti-Zionist
heritage; 1968 anti-Israeli propaganda; anti-Jewish activities in the
Soviet Union; secret diplomatic talks; Soviet involvement in the Middle
East; Titos condemnation of Israels expansionist policy. See also
Box 52, Section 5, File 2.
9. Relations with Britain. Clippings: 1967-1978. Anglo-Israeli dialogue;
British consular activities in Israel and the Occupied Territories;
data on Orde Wingate, British-Israeli relations; Britain's 1973 arms
embargo; Britain's Middle-East peace efforts and support of Israel;
Jewish life in Britain.
10. Relations with Germany; Willy Brandt's Visit, June 1973. Clippings:
1967-1977. German support for Israel and Chancellor Willy Brandt's 1973
visit; 1977 clipping about a protest at the West German embassy in Tel
Aviv.
11. Cooperation with African Countries. Clippings: 1962-1976. Diplomatic
efforts with the newly-independent countries of black Africa; Israel-Uganda
relationship, and Libya's involvement in their deterioration; Libyan
influence on other states to break diplomatic ties with Israel; Israel
and the OAU (Organization for African Unity); further loss of diplomatic
ties after the 1973 war.
12. Lebanon. Clippings: 1976-1977. Conflict in Lebanon between Israel
and Syria/Palestinian rebels.
13 Panama: Visit of Omar Torrijo. Clipping: 1977. Report of Brig. Gen.
Omar Torrijo's visit to Israel.
Box 68
Israeli Secret Service
Section 1: Military/Armament: Arms Supplies, Nuclear War
1. 1968 Hijack of 209 tons of uranium ore; Israel suspected. Clippings:
April-May, 1977, 1978. Uranium ore stolen from the Scheersberg.
Review of The Plumbat Affair, a book by Elaine Davenport and
others about the case. (McMaster listing: HD9539.U47 D38)
2. Relations with USA. Reassurance after Nixon's visit, and nuclear
help to Egypt. Clippings: 1973-1977. Reports of US-Israeli relations
and he concerns after President Nixon's offer to provide nuclear technology
to Egypt. Report of the release of CIA documents indicating that Dayan
ordered the 1967 attack on the USS Liberty.
3 Military: tension of new war (1974), Arms demand from USA; mobilization
and manoeuvres August 1974. Clippings: 1973-1974. Reports on arms from
America; the possibility of renewed conflict late in 1973; Worries about
the failure of the peace talks and the possibility of further war; Israel's
efforts to re-arm in the light of increased tensions; Soviet arms shipments
to Syria; Israeli military exercises and war games in late August, 1974.
4. Arms Supplies from the USA and other countries (1974)Clippings: 1972-1976.
As a comparison with the 1973 Egypt-Israeli War, the envelope contains
a clipping from Vietnam, on the use of surface-to-air missiles. Other
reports are of arms sales by the US and Britain; report of arms supplied
to by the Soviet Union.
5. Atom Bomb production. (See also Envelope 1 in this Section). Clippings:
1969-1976. Der Spiegel report (1969) about Israel's nuclear program
(in German); interview with Dr. Ernst Bergmann about the importance
of science to Israel; articles about Israel's nuclear arsenal.
6. Soviet presence in the Middle East, the Red Sea, etc. Clippings:
1970-1975. Reports of Soviet pilots in Egyptian fighter aircraft; Soviet
naval squadron in the Mediterranean; multiple Soviet warheads in missiles;
Soviet spy satellites; Soviet incursions into Israeli air space and
sea space; shipments of arms to Syria and Egypt; efforts to increase
Soviet influence in the area.
Israeli Secret Service
Section 2: Military: Chiefs of Staff: Commanders, Generals
1. Defence Forces. Lt. Gen. Mordechai "Motta" Gur, Chief of
Staff (April, 1974). He succeeded Gen Elazar after Agranat Tribunal.
Clippings: 1974. Biographical data and photos; reports of his appointment
to succeed Gen. David Elazar.
2. Special Commandos (Unit 101, begun by Ariel Sharon) Guys
at the Entebbe Raid, 1976. Brig. Dan Shomron. Clippings: July 1976.
Accounts of the raid on Entebbe airport, Uganda, to rescue hostages;
information on the commando unit, its personnel, and its history.
3. Military Commanders. Clippings: 1966-1978, and undated. Israeli military
personnel, changes of duty, resignations; obituary for Gen Elazar; some
handwritten notes by Cookridge.
4. Military. Maj. Gen. Ariel Arik Sharon, in charge Sinai
troops in 1967 and 1973; joined Herut, accused Meir and Dayan. Clippings:
1973-1974. Reports of his action as a paratroop commander in the Arab-Israeli
wars, and his resignation from the army in 1973 because of lack of prospects
for promotion.; criticism of his actions in Suez; his political life,
and criticisms of political influence on the armed forces; the Battle
of the Generals; his return to the army in 1974.
5. Army, Air Force, Navy: Description in 1973. Clippings: 1972-1973.
Israeli arms acquisitions; display of military strength at 25th anniversary
celebrations; opposition to the sale of Phantom jets to Saudi Arabia;
discussion of the duration of military service.
Section 3: Israeli Secret Service
1. General. Clippings: 1969-1974. Undated handwritten notes about the
organization of the Secret Service. The clippings report Israeli intelligence
activities in Egypt, Syria, Persia (Iraq); seizure of a complete Soviet-built
radar system from Egypt; the efficiency and extent of the Israeli intelligence
system; article on Eran Laor, head of the Geneva office for 25 years.
2. Lavon Affair (1954), including Paul Frank defection. Clippings: 1974-1976.
An espionage program discovered by the Egyptians; trials and sentencing
of those involved; articles about those involved and their activities
after their returns to Israel; Lavon's obituary.
3. Frances-Mary Hagan spy case (1956). One clipping describing her arrest,
trial and sentencing as a Syrian spy.
4. Plan to assassinate Nasser, 1961. One clipping reporting an alleged
Israeli plot to assassinate Nasser in Cyprus.
5. Kidnapping of German scientists in Egypt and Switzerland, 1961-1964.
Clippings:1962-1965. Disappearance of rocket scientists Wolfgang Pilz,
Heinz Krug, and Paul Goerke; suspicions they had been kidnapped by Israel.
They had been aiding Egypt in rocketry, and had gone there; later attempts
at coercion of Goerke's daughter by two supposed Israeli agents; their
trials. See also Envelope 6, this Section.
6. Col. Beer Case, 1961-1962; Beer tried in January, 1962, sentenced
on 14 January to 10 years' imprisonment; after appeal to Supreme Court,
sentence increased to 15 years; died in Shatta prison May 1, 1966, after
finishing his book: Israel's Security-Yesterday, Today, Tomorrow.
Clippings: 1961-1962. The arrest and trial of Beer on charges of being
a Soviet spy; he was betrayed in Gordon Lonsdale's papers; handwritten
note on Beer's exposure as a spy.
7. French Gun-Boats' Snatch (1970). Clippings: 1969-1970. The French
held up the delivery to Israel of five gunboats ordered and paid for
by Israel; further reports on the sailing of the gunboats.
8. Kidnapping of Syrian Intelligence Officials (June, 1972). Clippings:
1972. The capture of five Syrian Intelligence officers: a general, and
four colonels, in a Lebanese border raid; demands for their release.
9. Paul John Glover spy case. (Briton as spy for Jordan) 1972. Clippings:1971-1973.
Two spy trials: the reduction in sentence for spying of Arthur Patterson;
the arrest and conviction of Paul John Glover as an admitted spy for
Jordan.
10. Warnings to other countries on Palestinian terrorists.(1973). Clippings:
7 Sept. 1973. Published tip-offs warning of projected Arab terrorist
attacks in Holland, West Germany, Australia and Gt. Britain; arrest
in Rome of a five-man commando group armed with surface-to-air missiles.
11. Queen Elizabeth II sailing to Israel April, 1973. Clippings:
1972-1973. Passover cruise: ship chartered mainly by wealthy American
Jews who wanted to celebrate the 25th anniversary of the state of Israel.
Increased security measures for the cruise; the inclusion of Royal Marines,
detectives, and bomb-disposal experts on the cruise; route reported
to be well clear of Libyan and Egyptian coasts.
12. Cooperation with West Germany (Gehlen). Clipping: 1967. Cairo's
Middle-East News was cut off from Britain by a dispute in Bonn over
Telex dues.
13. Cooperation with CIA. Clipping: 1971. Visit by the Director of the
CIA, Richard C. Helms, to Israel, and discussion with 'Israeli Officials'.
14. Infiltration into the Palestinian terrorist organization (1973).
Information from leaders in Beirut. Clipping: August, 1973. Interview
with Dr. George Habbash of the PLO supposedly in a plane forced by fighter
aircraft to land in Israel. See also this Section, Envelope 1
15. Israeli Security Man takes hostages (1975): Terror scene in Johannesburg
(Assumed terrorist attack). Clipping: April, 1975. Hostage incident
in the Israeli consulate in Johannesburg. The lone 'terrorist', David
Protter, was charged with murder because the siege left 3 dead and 32
injured.
16. Dr. H. Spetter in Bulgaria. Arrested in 1973, sentenced to death
in June, 1974, released August, 1974 (secret exchange?).Clippings: August,
1974. Heinrich Spetter sentenced to death in Sofia on charges of spying
for the West; mysterious release.
17. Jewish Letter Bombs against Arabs. Bassam Abu Sharif, editor of
P.F.L.P. organ in Beirut partially blinded, July, 1972. Clippings: 1969-1973.
Letter bombs and bomb-rings in Israel, Iraq, Lebanon, and London.
18. Killing of Al-Fatah agent Bashir Abusheir (aka Hussein al-Bashir)
in Nicosia, January, 1973. Clippings: 1973. Death of Abusheir, with
blame planted on Israeli agents; in reality, he was a member of 'Black
September'.
19. Actions against Al-Fatah, Arab Spies, and terrorists in Israel and
abroad. List of victims: Beirut: Hassan Kanafany, PFLP spokesman died
in car bomb, with a girl, July, 1972, accused of LOD; Beirut: three
leaders, April, 1973; Paris: Khoder Kannou (Syrian) died in October,
1972, Mahmoud El Hamshari died 9/1/73 after a bomb in his flat December
8, 1972, Mohammed Boudia died July 1973 in a car bomb (see this Section,
Envelope 21), Dr. Basil al-Kubaisi shot in the street in April, 1973
(See this Section, Envelope 20); Nicosia: Hussein Al-Bashir/ Bashir
Abusheir killed January 1973 (see this Section, Envelope 18); Lillehammer:
Ahmed Bouchiki shot in error July, 1973 (See this Section, Envelope
20); Rome: Wael Abu Zvaiter shot October 16, 1972 (see this Section,
Envelope 20); Damascus: Ahmed al Kafri (Abu Yassar) Saiqa killed in
a car bomb, August, 1972; Athens: Moussa Abua Zied killed with a bomb
in a hotel, April, 1973. Clipping in envelope is a report on the death
of Kanafani in Beirut.
20. Mossad: Revenge Killing of "Black September" members.
Clippings: 1972-1976. Counter-terrorism organization formed in Israel;
David Tinnin's book Hit Team (1976) (McMaster Library listing:
UB251.I78 T56) deals with the assassinations of the 'Black September'
group that carried out the Munich massacre in September 1972; letters
to the editor about Tinnin's book; report of the release of two of the
Lillehammer killers.
21. Killing of Al-Fatah leader Mohammed Boudia in Paris (July, 1973).
Died in car explosion; he was an Algerian member of 'Black September'.
See also this Section, Envelope 19.
22. Agent shot in Madrid: Baruch Cohen (Moshe Hanan Yishai), January,
1973. Killed by 'Black September'.
23. Mossad: Institute for Intelligence and Special Duties (since 1968).
Head until 1974: Zvi Zamir. Replaced 1 Sept. 1974. Clippings: 1972-1973.
Cookridge note refers to Observer article of 5 August, 1973 on
the murder of Bouchiki in Norway. See also this section, Envelopes 20
and 24.
24."Avengers", "Wrath of God", "Massada"(Department
1001). Clippings: 1972-1974. Articles show attitudes towards revenge
and retaliation against attackers of Israel.
25..Satellite Spies in the Sky. Clippings: 1973-1974. Spy plane intelligence;
use of satellites and spy planes in the Sinai war (in German); Cookridge
handwritten note on Israel's satellite receiving station.
26. Evaluation of Middle East Military strength from 1965. Clippings:
1965-1973, and articles. The military context of Israel, the Middle
East, and the Arab world (1965); Israel's defense costs (1968); Israel's
arms build-up (three articles by Shimon Peres in the Sunday Telegraph;
assessment (by an Arab) of Zionist strength in the 1967 war; arms build-up
(1973) with Phantoms for Saudi Arabia and Israel, and Soviet missiles
for Syria and Egypt. See also this Section, Envelope 4.
Section 4: Israeli Secret Service
1. Cookridge handwritten notes about the CIA in Israel, and the succession
of those in the position of Israeli Defense Attaché in London; historical
data on the service.
2. Mossad: Isser Harel. Clippings: 1972-1975, and undated. Biographical
information (handwritten and typed) about Isser Harel, who built up
the secret service in Ben-Gurion's time; extracts from Michel Bar-Zohar's
Spies in the Promised Land.
3. Mossad: Maj. Gen. Meir Amit (Head 1963-1968); succeeded by Zvi Zamir.
Clippings: 1968. His replacement as head of intelligence and subsequent
business activities; handwritten note with biographical data.
4. Commission of Inquiry (Agranat Commission) into the preparation for
and conduct of the Yom Kippur War (1973-1974). Clippings: 1972-1975.
Reports of failures of the security service (See also this Box, Section
2, Envelope 4); probing of failures before and during the 1973 war;
investigations briefly reported as are interim findings, some recommendations
for the firing of three generals, and the clearing of civilian leaders;
results of the resignations discussed, and the final report issued.
5.Mossad. Head: Brig. Gen Zvi Zamir, appointed September 1968, former
Military Attaché in London (replaced August, 1974). Clippings: 1970,
1974. Zamir as Head of the Secret Service (1970); report of the reception
as he was replaced as head of intelligence (1974).
6. Anti-Terror Advisor Gen Aharon Yariv. Attached to Mossad; appointed
after the Munich Massacre, 1 October, 1972. Formerly Chief of Military
Intelligence, and succeeded by Col. Eliahu Zeira. He retired in December
1973 for the elections, and later served as a Minister. Clippings: 1970-1975.
advisor to Golda Meir in matters of military intelligence (1972); eight
years as Director of Military Intelligence; his political life; his
recall to the military during the 1973 war.
7. Chief "Advisor" Brig. Ysrael Lior, attached to Mossad,
and appointed July, 1973, succeeding Yarif (Yariv). Clippings: 1973.
Coordinator of anti-terror operations.
8. Mossad: Head: Maj. Gen. Yehoshaphat Harkabi, Professor of International
Affairs and History of Islamic countries at Hebrew University in Jerusalem.
He was appointed 'advisor' to PM Yitzhak Rabin on 15 August, 1974, probably
succeeding Zvi Zamir.
9. Beth Shin: Security and Counter-Espionage Service. Clippings: 1967-1972.
Der Spiegel article on "Shin-Beth"; reports of anti-spy
activities and as security screeners for Al Italia.
10. Beth Shin Reorganization (and Dismissals) after 1972 Munich Massacre.
Clippings: 1972. Aftermath of the Munich assassinations, and the forced
resignation of senior security officials; revisions to the organization
of the service.
11. Military Intelligence: Sheruth Modiin. Empty Envelope.
12. Chiefs: Maj. Gen. Dr. Chaim Herzog. Clippings: 1970-1973. Biographical
article; his response to the Arab oil embargo; obituary and biography
of his brother, Ya'akov; review of Chaim Herzog's book, The Yom Kippur
War; review of Martin Gilbert's book, The Arab-Israeli Conflict:
its history in maps.
13. Security: Embassy Supervision. Director: Deputy Director General,
Foreign Minister Avraham Kidron. Clipping: 1972. Increased security
at the Israeli Embassy in London as a result of 'Black September' threats.
14. Secret Police; Reshut. Aharon Sela, Inspector General; Shlomo Hillel,
Police Minister. Clippings: 1960, 1971-1977, and undated. Hillel, the
Israeli Minister of Police, came from Baghdad; clippings report his
activities as Minister of Police in the light of his background; changes
in policing as part of a campaign against a crime network; clippings
on Aharan Sela, Eli Ilan, Mendel King; biographical data on Sela; report
on Ilan as identifier of Adolf Eichmann; report on 'Anna B' as identifier
of Eichmann (1960); biographical clipping on Mendel King; undated clipping
on the death of Avraham Selinger, and Eichmann investigator.
Section 5: Israeli Secret Service-Agents
1. Seizure of M.E. airliner (August, 1973): attempt at kidnapping Habbash,
and U.N. sequel. Clippings: 1973. The interception of an Iraqi airliner
by Israeli fighter planes who forced it to land in an attempt to capture
Dr. George Habbash, regarded as an Arab terrorist; UN involvement in
condemning Israel's action; universal press condemnation of the action;
defiance of Moshe Dayan and a promise they will keep on trying to capture
terrorists. . See also this Box, Section 3, Envelope 14.
2. 'Mad Arab' hijacked Lebanese plane to Israel (1973). Clippings: 1973.
Accounts of the hijacking of a Lebanese airliner taking off from Nicosia
by a Libyan armed with two pistols, and carrying a Lebanese passport.
3. British 'Spy' David Anthony Kelley sentenced to six years (1974);
accused of possessing KFIR plans. Clipping: 1976. Kelley alleged to
have been carrying secret plans for an Israeli Kfir aircraft; he had
been working on the project, and wanted to work on the plans at home;
the appeal was rejected.
4. Killing of Arab Algerian Ahmed Bouchiki, in error, in Lillehammer
Norway, 1973. Six arrests, July, 1973; Trial in Norway, January 1974.
Sentences: Sylvia Raphael: 5 1/2 years; Abraham Gehmer (ex-First Secretary
at the Israeli Embassy in Paris), 5 1/2 years; Dan Aerbel, 5 years;
Marianne Gladnikoff 2 1/2 years (released in October); Zvi Steinberg
1 year (released September 1974); Michael Dorf, acquitted. See also
this Box, Section 3, Envelopes 19, 20, 23. Clippings: 1973-1974. He
had been identified wrongly as a member of the 'Black September' movement;
arrest, trials, and sentencing of the six Israeli agents; international
condemnation, and Israel's reaction; subsequent early release of some
participants, links with other 'Black September' deaths.
5. Eli Cohen Case in Syria. Clippings: 1965-1969, and typed note. The
trial and execution of Eli Cohen in Damascus as an Israeli spy. He had
worked his way into the upper echelons of the Ba'ath Party in Syria.
A book by Ben Dan, The Spy from Israel, is reviewed, and the
envelope includes a Sunday Telegraph article and a typewritten
note referring to the book.
6. Lotz/Bauch Case. German agents in Egypt. Clippings: 1965-1973. Arrest
of seven West Germans in Egypt at the time of the visit by the East
German leader. Government upheaval; Lotz said he had sent letter bombs
to Dr. Pilz, a German rocket scientist working in Egypt: one blinded
Pilz's secretary, another exploded in a post office, killing a postal
clerk; other arrests; other trials; biographical data on Lotz; review
of the book The Champagne Spy and reader's Digest article by
J. A. Elten about the book; obit for Lotz's wife.
7. Soviet Spies in Israel. Clipping: 1972. Report of the arrest of an
accused Soviet spy, Hagop Antaryessian, an Armenian.
8. Syrian Spy Ring (1972-1973); Jews: Ehud Adiv, Dan Vered, Daoud Turki,
and others. The envelope contains sentencing data on the named three,
plus the note that they sent letter bombs to Nixon and Rogers in the
USA, and to the Golan Heights Post Office. Clippings: 1972-1974. Report
of the arrest of 50 people, both Arabs and Jews, charged with spying
for Syria; Israeli reaction to the news of Jews spying for Syria; evolution
of the spy ring is outlined, trials and convictions reported, as well
as the reasons for persons becoming involved in the spying.
9. Assassination of Al-Fatah Leaders in Beirut, April, 1973; includes
list of recent terrorist actions emanating from Beirut. Clippings: 1972-1973.
letter bombings; killing of Abu Youssef, Kamal Nasser, and Kamal Adwan
of Al-Fatah by Israeli agents directed by Gen. Ahron Yariv; reactions
to the killings as revenge for killings on Cyprus are reported; article
in German from Der Spiegel; the use of fake British passports
was reported, and Britain demanded an explanation from the Israelis;
UN response; fighting between Lebanese authorities and the Protestant
guerillas.
10. Reprisals after Olympic Massacre, September, 1972. Clippings: 1972.
Reprisals against 'Black September' following the Lydda and Munich massacres
and other activities; 'Black September' group hiding in Syria; Israeli
attacks on Syria are reported; German police errors; Israeli attacks
on Arab terrorist bases; warnings that further attacks would result
in further reprisals.
11. Yehuda Kagan: imprisoned in the Soviet Union in 1963; released 1973.
Clipping: 1973. Kagan's release and return to Israel after 10 years
as a prisoner.
12. Baruk Mizrachi; exchanged, 1974. Clipping: 1974. His repatriation
and that of Uri Levy from Egypt in exchange for 65 Arab terrorists.
13. Against Arab Countries: General. Clippings: 1969-1975. Reasons for
and readiness of Israel to make reprisals; persons spying against Israel;
restraint of Palestinian guerillas in Lebanon; disaffected West Bank
Arabs; threats against the PLO and Arafat, and increased border defenses.
14 Arab Activities against Israel: General. Clippings: 1970-1975, and
undated note. Report of bombing and spying in the Golan, Lebanon, Egypt,
the West Bank, and Gaza, and within Israel. The note refers to a communist
spy ring working for Syria.
15. Young People as potential recruits. Clippings: 1973. Efforts to
make British Jewish youth groups more Israel-centred; article about
25-yr-old Israelis, their attitudes and ideas during the 25th anniversary
of Israel.
16. Arabs as Israeli Spies. Clippings: 1969-1976. Arabs spying for Israel
in Jordan, Egypt, Holland, Belgium, and Lebanon.
17. Agents in Switzerland (Mirage jet case) Alfred Frauenknecht, Col.
Alon, Brig.-Gen. Kain (1969). Clippings: 1969-1971. The arrest of Frauenknecht
for the theft of drawings of engine parts in Mirage jet fighters, and
their transmission to Israel; his trial and imprisonment; two articles
in German; Swiss declaration of the Israeli Military attaché in Bern
as persona non grata.
18. Man in Trunk Case (1964). Clippings: 1964. Attempt by two Egyptian
embassy employees in Italy to ship a trunk on an Egyptian airliner from
Fiumencino Airport in Rome to Cairo; the trunk contained 'Josef Dahan',
who was a double agent for Egypt and Israel, named Mordecai ben Massoud
Luk. The trunk was reported to have been built by a former SS agent,
and had been in use since 1958. The two diplomats, Abdel el Neklawy
and Selim Osman el Sayed, were expelled.
19. Agents in Italy: Vittorio Olivares. Murder of 'El Al' man in Rome,
April, 1973. Clippings: 1973. Reports of the murder of Olivares, and
El Al employee, by 'Black September' member Zaharia Abu Saleh, who was
arrested.
20. Agents Infiltrated into Arab Organizations (into P.A.L., Baddawi
camps in Lebanon, etc.)(1973). Clipping: 1973. Reports of Lebanese and
Palestinian security forces acting against Israeli spies in secret guerilla
camps, and in the Lebanese army.
21. Simha Gilzer, assassinated March 12, 1973 in Nicosia. Clippings:
1973. His assassination and the search for his murderer.
Section 6: Commando Raids (Entebbe, etc.)
Israel Against Terrorists
1. Entebbe Raid. Missing Hostage, Mrs. Bloch. British F. O. Intervention.
Clippings: 1976-1977. Questions about the fate of Mrs. Dora Bloch, the
one hostage not rescued during the Entebbe raid; British efforts to
obtain information led to a row between Britain and Uganda; she was
reported to have disappeared from hospital. Amin's reply to Britain
was alleged to have been a lie; her body was reported to have been found
in the forest outside Kampala; at least 20 who knew of her death had
been murdered; her death confirmed by an Italian doctor, also confirmed
by a former Ugandan government minister.
2. Comments and World Reaction, July 1976. Britain's coolness. Clippings:
1976. General world opinion was pleasure at the success of the Entebbe
operation. Negative comments from: the PLO, Soviet Union, Organization
of African Unity, and Egypt.
3. Relief of Hostages at Entebbe, 1976. Israeli Commando Raid July 3/4
1976; actual reports and freeing of hostages. Clippings: July/August
1976. Freeing of the hostages; process of the flight and raid, and pre-raid
negotiations with hijackers and the Ugandan authorities; welcome of
the hostages and the commandoes to Israel; Sunday Times, Sunday Telegraph
articles chronicling the raid; reviews of 90 Minutes at Entebbe
(William Stevenson) (McMaster Call # DS119.7 .S69); vindication of Israel's
tough policy. See also this Box, Section 7, Envelope 2.
4. Entebbe Raid: Israel accuses Amin of collusion with terrorists (1976);
Amin's Palestinian Bodyguard. Palestinians join skyjackers at airport.
Clippings: 1976. Amin's involvement in negotiations; his aid to the
guerillas; accusations of collusions with them; his use of a Palestinian
bodyguard; reports of a mutiny in his army at the time of the release
of the Air France aircraft which had been hijacked.
5. Entebbe Raid: Amin's reaction (1976). United Nations-Waldheim-African
Protest to Security Council over Israel's raid. Clippings: 1976. Amin
mourned for the Ugandan soldiers killed in the raid; threats to retaliate;
Waldheim's comments; the raid as a threat to Amin's control of Uganda;
Israel's condemnation of Amin with respect to Mrs. Bloch; the UN Security
Council Debate; Amin's claim that the Israelis attempted to capture
him during the raid.
6. Entebbe Raid: British accused by Uganda of Collusion with Israel
(1976). Expulsion of Acting High Commissioner and other diplomats. Clippings:
July/August 1976. Amin accuses Britain of aid to Israel during the raid;
deteriorating diplomatic relations, and Britain's suggestions to its
nationals that they leave Uganda; expulsion of the High Commissioner
and severing of diplomatic relations; in Uganda: plots against Amin,
student opposition to him, attempted assassination of Amin, all blamed
on Britain.
7. Entebbe Raid: Uganda-Kenya Conflict (1976). Uganda threatens Kenya;
US Naval and Air support for Kenya. Clippings: 1976, and undated (probably
1976). Sale of Northrup F5 fighters to Kenya to offset Soviet and Libyan
arms in Uganda and Somalia; Ugandan claims that Kenya was a base for
the Entebbe raid; increasing diplomatic strain; US Navy presence off
the Kenyan coast; Amin's secret police attacks on Kenyans in Uganda;
Uganda grinds to a halt as petrol supplies dwindle because of Kenyan
blockade; Amin's plans to invade Kenya; rebellions by Amin's troops;
assessment of Kenya and its move from white to African control; peace
agreement. . See also this Section, Envelope 6.
8. Entebbe Raid: Amin's Threats of Retaliation (1976) and demands for
compensation. Clippings: 1976. Amin's claims for damages from Israel
for the raid; Israel's reply; interview with Amin on the raid and his
claim that the Israelis wanted to capture him.
9. Entebbe Raid: Film and Book. Clippings: 1976-1977, and undated. Reports
of television and feature films about the raid; demand that a Kenyan
newspaper not publish a serialization of a book on the raid; undated
clipping advertising Tony Williams' book: Counterstrike: Entebbe.
Section 7: Israeli Secret Service against Terrorists
1. 'Liquidations List' of Palestinians: 1956-1976. Clipping: 1977. List
of those assassinated by Israeli squads in the period 1956-1977.
2. Airline Security after Entebbe: Israel appeals to many countries
and airlines to counter hijacking terror. List of previous skyjacks,
etc. Clippings: 1976. Airline security after Entebbe, and Israeli threats
to other nations to prevent planes from landing in Israel if they do
not initiate security procedures; data on attacks carried out by Palestinian
terrorists.
3. Arab Agents in Israel. Foreign nationals arrested and sentenced.
Clippings: 1965, 1973, and undated; accounts of Israeli Arab activities
against Israel.
4. Army action against terrorists (May, 1973). Clippings: 1972-1973.
Israeli Army attacks on terrorists in Lebanon; Lebanese army conflicts
with Palestinian guerillas with arrest of outside agents; negotiated
cease-fire.
5. Borders sealed against terrorists-Electric Fence. (1974). Border
between Israel and Lebanon sealed with electric fence.
6. At sea: naval bombardment of Lebanese coast and Palestinian boats
(1974). Clippings: 1074-1976. Sinking of boats in Lebanese waters following
Palestinian attacks at sea from Lebanese ports; sinking of another terrorist
boat and Israeli gunboat attacks on guerilla bases; seizure of ships
carrying arms to guerillas.
7. Bombing of camps in Lebanon (1974). Clippings: 1971-1974. General
clippings about Israeli attacks on Palestinian guerilla bases in Lebanon
and other cross-border incursions and attacks; involvement of Syrian
troops; Lebanese troops opening the border for the entry of Palestinian
troops.
8. Israeli Retaliations against Lebanon after the Kibbutz massacres
(summer, 1974). Clippings: 1973-1974. Trials in Israel of Arabs captured
in Lebanon in a raid five days after the Munich Massacre; reports of
Maalot killings and Israel's retaliation on Palestinian camps; other
Palestinian raids and Israeli reprisals; concerns over Lebanon's failure
to exercise its sovereignty in allowing Palestinian armed militias to
use its territory.
9. Home Guards and arming civilians after Kibbutz massacres (Summer,
1974). Clippings: 1974. Formation of a civilian Home Guard against guerilla
attacks after Maalot, etc.; death penalty for terrorists proposed; arming
of civilians against guerillas; new settlement in the terrorist-stricken
region of Galilee.
10. Assassinations of Al-Fatah Leaders in Beirut. Arab sequel: terrorist
revenge plan. Clippings, 1969, 1973. Assessment of Israel's revenge
raid on Beirut Airport; reaction by Arab terrorists to Israeli raid
in 1973 in Beirut where three Al-Fatah chiefs were killed; reactions
by Lebanon and Israel to the same raid; Arafat's claims of American
involvement in the raid, and his threats of retaliation; Gaddafi's reaction;
repercussions in Lebanon and the Arab world. See also this Box, Section
3, Envelope 19)
11. Munza Nicola (1975) sentenced for pro-Fatah activities in Israel.
12. Israel: Accusations of torture of prisoners. Israeli torturing of
prisoners, security force brutality on protesters; Sunday Times Insight
report on torture of Arab prisoners, and reaction by Israel with a statement
and a summary article; calls for investigation by a body such as the
International Red Cross, or Amnesty International; mistreatment of Arabs
in Hebron; President Jimmy Carter's discussion of the problem with Menachem
Begin; UN report of Israeli torture of Arab prisoners; ad for Rideout
Deacon's book, The Israeli Secret Service (McMaster Call # HV8242.2
A2 04).
13. Karameh Raid. Clippings: 1968. Raid on Al-Fatah terrorists by Israel:
prelude, the raid, the reaction.
14. Miscellaneous. Clippings: 1969-1977. Anti-terrorist activities;
possible use of the death penalty against terrorism (See this Section,
Envelope 9); terrorist activities.
Section 8: Occupied Territories and West Bank State
Population, Settlers in Occupied Territories:
1. General. Clippings: 1968-1978. Life in the occupied territories;
Jewish settlements in them; ideas of dealing with the Arab population;
development of Israeli policies; eviction of unauthorized settlers,
planned settlements; negative US reactions; Jewish zealot settlements
with government orders to cease and leave the area; army siege of the
settlements.
2. Palestinian and Jordanian problems. US secret negotiations; King
Hussein's attitude to Palestinian State and Representation at Geneva.
Clippings: 1974. Israeli plans for agreements with Jordan; refusal to
include PLO; Arab agreement that PLO must be at the Geneva peace conference;
US involvement in the talks about the West Bank.
3. Gaza and Sinai. Clippings: 1970-1976. Life in Gaza under Israeli
occupation; the new town of Yamit; increasing tension in Gaza in 1976;
new settlements in Sinai; complaints in Gaza over conditions in Ashkelon
prison.
4. West Bank. Clippings: 1967-1976. Conditions after occupation of the
West Bank in 1967; re-establishment of a Jewish presence in Hebron;
elections in the territories and future plans; Jordan's part in the
future of the West Bank; growing unrest in 1974, and increasing support
for the PLO, with protests and arrests; West Bank interest in self-rule;
Israeli complaints about US criticism; unrest in 1976 with the election
of Communist and Nationalist members in the West Bank; political riots
with deaths.
5. West Bank. Clippings: 1976-1979. Tensions in the West Bank between
Arabs and Israelis; dissention in the government over the future of
the West Bank and search for a solution; political demonstrations and
riots, with deaths; attacks on Israel's settlement policies; protection
for moderate Arab leaders from Communist attacks; Communist agitation,
and clamp-down on terrorist suspects; growing PLO support.
6. Security in Occupied Territories; Arrests of terrorists in Gaza and
the West Bank (1972). Clippings: 1968-1977, one in Spanish. Terrorist
attacks; the life of those in the territories; anti-terrorist measures;
riots in the territories.
7. Jerusalem. Clippings: 1972 (in French), 1974. Reports of archaeological
work in the city; restrictions on Jerusalem's Arab newspapers.
8. Golan Area (Galilea). Clippings: 1972-1975. History of the Lebanon-Israel
border dispute; concerns of settlers in the Golan Heights; 18 Israeli
settlements in the Golan Heights, more in other occupied Arab areas.
9. Proposals for Settlement with the Arabs. Clippings: 1967-1973. Problems
to be dealt with as a result of the occupations after the 1967 War;
Israel's proposed means of dealing with Arab and Palestinian issues;
settlement of the Arab-Israeli conflict; the 'Allon Plan' for withdrawal
and discussion of a Palestinian state on the West Bank.
10. West Bank squatters (evicted) 1974. Clippings: 1974-1975. Israeli
government ban on unauthorized settlements on the West Bank; persistence
of right-wing squatters; eviction by Israeli troops; further evictions
when splinter groups tried to create settlements.
Box 69
Prospects for Peace, Miscellaneous
Note: The arrangement of materials in this box done by archival
staff.
Section 1: Peace Prospects; Involvement of Great Powers, Kissinger.
1. Peace Talks 1971-1975. Clippings: 1971-1975. All aspects of peace
talks, formal and informal; Geneva conference, and posturing by both
Israel and the Arabs; Dr. Kissinger's activities in the process; disruption
by Arab terrorist attacks and Israeli political crises; demands for
Israeli concessions; Jordan's position; shuttle diplomacy, with meetings
in Washington and Germany; search for agreement with Egypt in 1975.
2. Peace Talks, 1976-September, 1977. Clippings: 1976-Sept. 1977. US
pressure on Israel; disruptions of process by Israeli politics; possible
withdrawal from captured territories in exchange for peace; renewal
of peace talks in Geneva; talks about the peace process between Israel
and the US; influence of Israel's position on retention of the West
Bank lands on the process; Israel's refusal to recognize the PLO except
as a part of Jordan in the discussion; 1976 Red Cross conference on
new 'Rules of War'.
3. Peace Talks October 1977-July 1978. Clippings: October 1977-July,
1978. US-Soviet joint declaration of their agreed terms for a renewed
conference after Israel's refusal to include the PLO; moves toward the
conference; Israeli-Egyptian negotiations; the influence of settlements
on the peace process; attacks by guerillas on the West Bank; talks between
US and Israeli officials, including President Carter; increased military
aid to Saudi Arabia and Egypt resulting in more West Bank settlements;
Israeli-Egyptian talks held in London.
4. Peace Prospects August to November, 1978, and undated. Clippings:
1978, undated. Camp David talks between Egypt and the USA; Israel calls
off plans for new West Bank settlements, but ultra-right wing elements
were moving in; split in the Israeli government threatened talks; Israel
agreed to give up the Sinai in return for peace with Egypt; renewed
calls for West Bank settlements as a result; final peace discussions
in Washington, with problems; US-Israeli talks deteriorate over plans
for more settlements in West Bank.
Section 2: Israel: Various topics
1. Palestine Mandate. Clippings: 1974. Churchill's role in the birth
of Israel.
2. Zionism. Clippings: 1967-1975. Zionism and Britain's reaction to
it; specific reference to Attlee and Lord Balfour; early (17th Century)
attempt by Sabbetai Zevi to lead Jews out of exile; final approaches
to the Jewish State; review of The Question of Palestine, 1914-1918:
British-Jewish-Arab Relations by Isaiah Friedman; review of Baffy:
The Diaries of Blanche Dugdale, 1936-1947, edited by N. A. Rose,
and The Gentle Zionist: A Study in Anglo-Zionist Diplomacy, 1929-1939
by N. A. Rose; obituary of Rabbi Amran Brau, an anti-Zionist; Theodor
Hertzl, and a review of the book, Hertzl, by Desmond Stewart;
article about Chaim Weizmann; Zadok Ophir.
3. Anti-Jewish Persecution. Clippings: 1968, 1974. Pogrom in Germany,
1938; Jewish Resistance fighters in World War II; Jews in Poland after
World War II; undated handwritten note of a book Killing Nazi Herbert
Cukers in Brazil.
4. Anti-Semitism. Clippings: 1967-1975. Range of comments from neo-Nazis
after the Six-Day War, through the 1968 jihad, the plight of
Jewish refugees from Romania on the Struma, and those turned
back from Cuba in 1939; reviews of the book The History of Anti-Semitism
by Leon Poliakov; review of The Voyage of the Damned by Gordon
Thomas and Max Morgan-Witts.
5. People. Clippings: 1967-1978, undated. Viscount Samuel; Yehuda Ingra;
Yigael Yadin; Ilan Stil; Moshe Dayan; Daniel Bardi; Victorine Marcelle
Nino; Anaos Horev; Yaacov Herzog; Simcha Dinitz; Amos Horev, Aryeh Tuviya;
Arnie Simon; Lille Myer; Israel Tal; Itzhak Hoffi; Ruth Aliav; Ariel
Sharon; Yexutiel Adam; Herzl Shafir; Golda Meir; Ezer Weizmann; Michael
Tzur; Haim Yaromi; Esther Herlitz; Terry Fleener; Menachem Begin; Abie
Nathan; Panaiyotis Paschalis; Hans Lebrecht; Alexander Tal; Herbert
Sulzbach; Gadi Markovitz; Abba Eban.
6. Rabin Government, 1974-1976. Clippings: 1974-1976. Various aspects
of Rabin's government, including the effects of the US-Egyptian nuclear
power agreement; hard-line tactics; requests to the US for missiles
because of Soviet supplies to Israel's Arab neighbours; peace discussions
by Yigael Allon; leakage of information; clashes between Rabin and Shimon
Peres; political challenges in the Knesset.
7. Begin Government Infighting. Clippings: 1978. Battles between Begin
and Shimon Peres, Ezer Weizmann, Moshe Dayan; plots by extremists to
overthrow the Begin government.
8. National Anniversaries: 25th, 26th, 27th. Clippings: 1973-1975.
9. National Anniversary: 30th. Clippings: 1978. Consideration of the
State of Israel on its 30th Anniversary.
10. The Suez Crisis. Clippings: 1966, 1978. Der Spiegel article
about the 1956 crisis and the UN Mission in Israel afterward; two Sunday
Times Weekly Review articles by Selwyn-Lloyd; crisis triggered by
Nasser's seizure of the Suez Canal in 1956.
11. After the 1967 War. Clippings: 1967-1972. Naval forces of Israel
and Egypt during the war; requirements for peace treaties; commando
raids into Egypt; need for frontier definitions; Egyptian threats; UN
efforts toward peace; interview with Chaim Barlev about the war.
12. The 1973 War and afterwards. Clippings: 1973-1976.The war, its progress,
and reactions; Britain's arms embargo; taking stock a month after the
Egyptian and Syrian attacks; continued Israeli readiness after the fighting,
but Israel's own assessment of its lack of readiness; Israeli prisoners
in Syria reported to be tortured; effects of the war on Israel, concern
about the peace process; relative Arab-Israeli strengths assessed; plans
for new defenses, increased military strength in Israel; reopening of
Suez Canal.
13. Israel and Occupied Territories. Clippings: 1970-1978. Israeli-Arab
relations in the territories; confrontations at holy sites; demands
for new Israeli settlements; pleas for a Palestinian state on the West
Bank; rioting on the West Bank; terrorist attacks, both Arab and Israeli;
health conditions in the occupied territories; the exploitation of Arabs,
both children and adults, as labourers for Jewish settlers.
14. Suez and Sinai. Clippings: 1970-1975. Before 1973 War: Israeli plans
for the Suez area; concerns about ceasefire and Egypt's plans after
peace discussions; oil finds in the Suez and Sinai. After the 1973 War:
continued fighting; peace agreements; Russian probing in the Sinai;
Plans for an Israeli gesture as Egypt reopens the Suez; ongoing work
for an agreement.
15. Israeli-Arab Conflicts beyond those of the 1967 and 1973 Wars. Clippings:
1966-1977. Air battles with Syria; Soviet-supplied arms for Egypt; Arab
attacks on Israeli shipping; rocket attacks on Israel; assessment of
the 1973 War; PLO attacks on tourists; reprisals in Lebanon; Israeli
attacks on Palestinian terrorist vessels; violations of interim peace
agreement by Egypt.
16. Israel: Miscellaneous: Golan Heights. Clippings: 1973-1976. Syrian
spying, activities in the area; 1974 efforts at peace and disengagement;
fortifications, increased tension in late 1974-1975; UN peacekeeping
resolution expiry in 1975, and attempts to negotiate; more settlements,
and attacks by Syria.
17. Lebanon. Clippings: 1972-1978. Reprisals for Al-Fatah attacks; trials
of Arab terrorists; Lebanon's difficulties with anti-Israeli attacks
by Palestinians from Lebanese bases; attacks on guerilla bases; fights
and cross-border raids between Israel and Lebanon; Syrian intervention
in Lebanese affairs; Lebanese civil war, tensions in border area; Israeli
support of Lebanon in fight with Palestinians; PLO attacks on Israel
and reprisals over border; UN peacekeeping; payment by a US industry
for Lebanon's removing them from Arab boycott list for trade with Israel.
18. Gaza. Clippings: 1975-1978. Egyptian spy in Gaza; life in Gaza in
1978.
19. Israel and the PLO. Clippings: 1974-1977. Israeli reaction to Arab
replacement of King Hussein as spokesman for occupants of the West Bank;
PLO activities; clashes at the UN between Israel and the PLO; Israel's
rejection of presence of PLO at Geneva peace conference.
20. Israel and the Arabs. Clippings: 1968-1976. List of Arab aircraft
and passengers, 1954-1960, that had landed in Israel first; Israeli
policies toward: Palestinians, PLO, political prisoners, Egyptian demands
for Israeli withdrawal; Israeli desire for peace agreements with Arab
neighbours.
21. Israeli Arabs. Clippings: 1973-1977. Jailed for spying; terrorists;
Communist-controlled elections in Nazareth; politics; West Bank riots;
EEC comments on a Palestinian homeland; equalization of services in
West Bank and Gaza with Israel.
22. Israel and Mid-East Arms: sales and build-up. Clippings: 1973-1977,
and undated. Centurion tanks; demands for arms, and concerns about Arab
purchases; interception of Saudi plane; USA and arms supplies to Israel;
assessment of comparative military strengths, 1977; Arab trade boycott
of Israel.
23. Israeli Arms Production: conventional and nuclear. Clippings: 1968-1978.
Military strength, 1968; aircraft production and sales; navy; nuclear
arms activities; Kfir jet fighter; arms sales.
24. Israel and Christians. Clippings: 1974, undated. Relations between
two groups; book reviews: Zander, W. Israel and the Holy Places of
Christendom,( McMaster: DS119.6 .Z3) Schonfield, H. J. The Pentecost
Revolution (McMaster: BR129 .S323).
25. Immigration. Clippings: 1971-1975. Challenges to the basis of the
Jewish state; immigrants from Egypt and the Soviet Union.
26. Israel and Britain: British Jews. Clippings: 1967-1978, and undated.
British withdrawal from the Middle East in 1967; effect of the crisis
on British politics; book review: Trevelyan, H. The Middle East in
Revolution ; British Jews and Israel; diplomats and visiting politicians
in Britain; industrial dispute between British Leyland and Israel and
Egypt; Muzna Nicola, British citizen, sentenced as spy for Al-Fatah;
Jewish MPs in Parliament; a British Bar Mitzvah.
27. Margaret Thatcher Visit to Israel. Clippings: 1976.
28. Israel and the United States. Clippings: 1967-1978, and undated.
Captured Soviet weapons sent to the USA; Der Spiegel article:
"Jews in America"; US-Israeli tension; US responses for Israeli
requests for financial and military aid; diplomats, and political relationships;
aggressive Jewish lobby in the US; Menachem Begin's visit to the US
in 1977.
29. Israel, Italy and the Vatican. Clippings: 1972-1975. Italian anti-Semitism;
book reviews: Waagenaar, S. The Pope's Jews (McMaster: DS135.I85
R6813); Prinz, J. The Secret Jews; efforts to encourage Catholic
pilgrims to visit Israel.
30. Israel and Other Countries. Clippings: 1971-1978, and undated. Interactions
between Israel and a number of other countries; claim that MOSSAD was
instrumental in Idi Amin's ousting of Dr. Obote; Israel listed as arms
supplier to several countries.
31. Israel and UNESCO. Clippings: 1974-1976. Israel's relation with
UNESCO; attempts by Arab and other nations to bar Israel from this and
other international organizations.
32. Economy. Clippings: 1967-1978. Israel's joblessness, poverty, tensions,
arms supports, oil discoveries near Tel Aviv, etc.
33. General. Clippings: 1946-1978. Variety of articles on Israeli life,
re-naming of ships, warnings to tourists not to go to Cyprus, etc; book
review: Bellow, S. To Jerusalem and Back (McMaster: DS107.4 .B37);
booklet #12: Israel: the Chosen Race London, The Dawn Book Supply,
16 pp, 1972.
34. Israeli and Arab Agents-Miscellaneous. Clippings: 1970-1977. Activities,
arrests, trials, executions of various Israeli and Arab agents.
Box 70
Palestine
Section 1: Palestinian Terrorists: Palestine Liberation Organization
(PLO), Other Groups; HQs, Al Fatah, Leaders
1. PLO: Al Fatah. Clippings: 1968-1974.Al-Fatah and its leaders; disagreements
within the Palestinian resistance movement; note (Cookridge) explains
that "El-Fatah" is an anagram [of an acronym] meaning "Movement
for the Liberation of Palestine."
2. PLO: Heads: Yasser Arafat (Abu Ammar) (born 1929, in Jerusalem).
Clippings: 1969-1978, and undated. Background; leadership of Fatah and
the PLO; challenges to leadership; printed image and caricature of Arafat;
note about his visit to East Berlin (1973).
3. PLO: General descriptions of various groups. Clippings: 1970-1977.
Data on Palestinian terrorist groups; criticism from Cairo on some activities;
leadership; notes give composition of 'Palestinian National Council',
members of groups in Middle East and Europe.
4. Black September. Clippings: 1973. Series on the group; their activities.
See also: Box 68, Sect. 3, Envelopes 18-22; Section 4, Env. 13; Section
5, Envs. 4, 10, 19.)
5. PLO: Salah Khalaf ('Abu Ayad'), Chief of 'Black September'. Born
1933 in Jaffa (married, two daughters). Conducted interrogation of "disowned"
terrorists of BA VC-10 (Dubai-Tunis), 1974. Clippings: 1972-1976.
6. Abu Daoud, Chief of Staff, "Black September". Arrest in
Paris, release to Algiers. German and Israeli Extradition attempts,
including comments and Israeli protests. Clippings: 1977. Said to have
organized the Munich massacre of Israeli Olympic athletes; speedy release
by French; recriminations against France by Israel, Germany and other
countries.
7. 'Black September' "Rasd" Jihad-al-Rasd (Operations network,
Intelligence Department). Clippings: 1968-1973 Activities of Al-Fatah,
and Black September.
8. PLO: "Abu Hassan"= Ali Hassan Salamah, Chief of Arafat's
security (Accused of organized Munich massacre of sportsmen in 1972);
assassinated in Beirut, 1979.Clippings: 1979. Car bomb; retaliation
bombing in Israel.
9 PLO: Heads: Khalil Al-Wazir ('Abu Jihad'). Clipping: 1971.Terrorist
groups of Al-Fatah.
10. PLO: Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP). Leader:
Dr. George Habbash. Clippings: 1968-1976. Terrorist activities; forced
landing of Arab airliner in Israel in an attempt to capture him; reaction
of the world, and the PLO; withdrawal of PFLP from PLO.
11. PFLP. Head: Dr. Wadi Haddad, "Foreign Director" of Popular
Front; d. March 1978 in East Germany after cancer surgery. Clippings:
1973-1978. Involved in attack on Saudi embassy in Paris; hijackings;
work with Japanese 'Red Army' faction; funeral in Baghdad; notes (Cookridge):
biographical data, list of aircraft attacks he probably organized from
1968-1977.
12..Split on 'Palestinian State': West Bank + Gaza? or All Palestine.
Plans for Government in Exile against King Hussein of Jordan. Clippings:
1970-1974. Conflict over the geography of a presumptive state, and the
peace process.
13. PLO: Popular Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PDFLP).
Nayef Hawatmeh. Clippings: 1974. Fights between his moderate Marxist
group, PDFLP and an extremist group, on the outskirts of Beirut; both
groups had attacked Israel.
14. PLO: Syrian-backed Al-Saiqa. Leader: Zuheir Mohsen. Clippings: 1969-1976.
Its activities as a guerilla group.
15. PFLP. General commandoes: Head: ex-Major Ahmed Jabril (formerly
Syrian Army); responsible for Kibbutz massacres (1974). Clippings: 1974.
Its involvement in the Kiryat Shmonah massacre.
16. National Youth Organization for the Liberation of Palestine. (Gaddafi's
organization, based in Tripoli). Hijacking of Lufthansa plane (1972);
Cyprus attacks/Israeli ambassador (1973); Rome massacre (1973); Assassination
attempt on Kissinger in Damascus or Beirut; British VC-10 Amsterdam,
burned 1974. Clippings: 1974, 1976.
17. PLO: Iraqi-controlled faction in Baghdad: Sabry-al-Banna ('Abu Nidal').
Arab Liberation Front = "Black June". Clippings: 1976-1978.
Iraq and its relations with Palestinian guerillas, especially the military
aid to leftist forces in Lebanon. Iraqi Arab attacks on the PLO; resulting
feud.
18. PLO: Retaliations against Iraqi-Controlled faction. Attempts at
Iraqi ambassadors and offices in London, Paris, Pakistan and other places:
summer, 1978. Clipping: 1978. Attack on an Iraqi diplomat in Karachi
by two Arabs with South Yemeni passports; attack in Tripoli.
19. PLO: Iraqi-controlled faction; assassination of PLO leader Hammami
in London. Clippings: 1978. Murder of Said Hammami probably by a group
based in Baghdad, led by Abu Nidal.
20. PLO: Iraqi-controlled faction; assassination of PLO leader Ezzedine
Kalak in Paris (Arrest and expulsion of Iraqi diplomats). Clippings:
1978. Gun battle at Iraqi embassy; Kalak killed by Iraqi-based opponent
of Arafat.
21. PLO: Struggle with Iraqi groups; retaliations in London, Paris,
Pakistan and other countries. Clippings: 1978. Iraqi terrorist activities
in Britain and Pakistan.
22. PLO: Grand Mufti Haj Amin Al-Hussein, at 76. (d. July 4, 1974 in
Beirut). Clippings: 1965-1974. His life and death, and his involvement
with Hitler and Palestinian terrorism.
23. PLO: Refugee Camps, and training of terrorists. Clippings: 1967-1974.
Hate education in refugee camps.
24. PLO: Camps and training in Lebanon: "Stepping Up Operations"
after Israeli armistice with Egypt and Syria. Clippings: 1974. Increased
Fatah control of Lebanese camps.
25. PLO:; Success and split after Rabat Conference; American approaches
to Arafat. Clippings: 1974.
26. PLO: Arafat tries to contain 'Wild Men' of PLO after visit to United
Nations Organization. Clippings: 1974.
27. PLO: Dissention between groups at Peace Talks (Habbash against Arafat
on Geneva), and early quarrels. Clippings: 1971-1974.
28. PLO: situation after 1973 War - Opposition to Geneva Peace Conference,
also in 1974. Clippings: 1973-1974. PLO 1973 acceptance of involvement
in peace talks; opposition in 1974 to Geneva Peace Talks.
29. PLO: Peace Talks. Clippings: 1974-1978. PLO involvement in peace
talks; American efforts to get the talks to progress.
30. PLO: Refugee Problems: Camps, UN aid, Arab attitude. Clippings:
1973-1977, and undated.
31. PLO: Palestinians; PLO and Damascus summit. Clippings: 1978. Arab
states against Camp David accord.
32. PLO: Palestinian propaganda. Clippings: 1973-1977.
Section 2: Palestinian Terrorism
1. PLO: Recognition of PLO by foreign governments; offices in various
capitals. Clippings: 1975-1977. Deportation of PLO official from Australia.
2. PLO: Relation with Arab governments and Moscow. Clippings: 1968-1975.
Russian-Arab alignments.
3. PLO: Al-Fatah/Black September/PFLP: International Connections - Japanese,
Turkish, German, South American, branches in Europe, I.R.A., including
Leila Khaleb's possible identity. Clippings: 1972. Black September;
Dr. Wadi Haddad; Lydda airport massacre.
4. PLO: Arafat's visit to the United Nations (1974). Clippings: 1974-1977.
Visit, and subsequent interaction of PLO and the UN.
5. PLO: International Connections; Dutch woman arrested in Israel in
1976, with an accomplice in Bombay. 18-strong gang in contact with the
IRA. Clipping: 1976. Arrests of Ludina Janssen and Marius Nieuwburg.
6. PLO: assistance by Arab diplomats (carrying letter bombs, arms).
Clippings: 1970-1975. Diplomats Khaled Ibrahim Omry, and Ghayth Najib
Armanazi.
7. PLO: request for aid against Israeli Retaliations in Lebanon camps;
aid offered by Syria and Egypt to Lebanon. Clippings: 1974.
8. PLO: London Office (Said Hammami) and visit of PLO delegates to London
IPU, September, 1975. Clippings: PLO activities in Britain; cash to
MPs; visits.
9. PLO: arms from China; Khalil al-Wazir visit to China. Clippings:
1970-1975. RFE report on "Peking and the Palestine Guerilla Movement".
10. PLO: International laxity toward terrorists. Airlines paying protection
money (August 1973); Institute of the Study of Conflict Report, July,
1974. Clippings: 1972-1975.
11. PLO: Soviet Backing of Palestinian State. Arafat's visits to Moscow,
Warsaw, East Berlin. Clippings: 1968-1978.
12. PLO: arrests in Germany, Austria, Scandinavia. Clippings: 1969-1975,
and undated.
13. PLO: arrests in Italy. Clippings: 1973.
14. PLO: arrests in France. Clippings: 1972-1973.
15. PLO: Hijackers and Al-Fatah in Israeli prisons. Clippings: 1971-1972.
'Black September' was involved in a hostage incident.
16. PLO: Arms and financial support. Clippings: 1976, 1978. Chinese,
Vietnamese, and Libyan arms supplies; Saudi cash.
17. PLO and Jordan. Clippings: 1968-1978. Changing relations between
Jordan and the PLO.
18. PLO and Syria. Clippings: 1974-1977. Changing relationships between
Syria and the PLO.
19. PLO and Egypt. Clippings: 1974-1978. The shift in PLO - Egyptian
relations from alliance to antagonism.
20. PLO and miscellaneous Arab States. Clippings: 1972-1975. Denunciation
of Arab pro-PLO attacks on Israel.
21. PLO: General. Clippings: 1968-1979. Assassination of Robert Kennedy,
Richard Welch and others; bombings; anti-terrorism activities; PLO spying.
22. PLO: General. Clippings: 1971-1978, and undated. The organization,
its members, activities and policies.
Section 3: Sky-Jacking and Airport Attacks, Palestinian Terrorists
1. Miscellaneous. Clippings: 1971-1978. Aircraft bombings; skyjackings;
attempted rocket attack in Rome; 'Black September' execution of Ahmed
Al-Ghafour, a terrorist leader; Lufthansa ihjacking to Mogadishu.
2. Cyprus DC-8 at Larnaca, 1978, Egyptian commandoes' battle. Clippings:
1978.
3. Kuwait Airlines' Boeing 707; Skyjackers surrender at Damascus. They
had demanded the release of 200 prisoners in Arab jails. Clippings:
1977. Attack led by Abu Sayed.
4. KLM airliner Malaga-Nice-Amsterdam (1976); landed in Cyprus, hostages
released, and 3 terrorists surrendered. Clippings: 1976. Hijackers believed
to be from George Habbash's PFLP.
5. Egyptian flight from Cairo to Luxor by 'Libyan' terrorists, August,
1976. September 8, 1976, two Palestinians and 1 Egyptian sentenced to
life imprisonment by Cairo military tribunal. Clippings: 1976. Boeing
737; hijackers said to be backed by Libya.
6. Istanbul, August, 1976; El Al passengers: 4 dead, many wounded. Two
terrorists held by Turks. Clippings: 1976. Boeing 707. Gunmen believed
to be from George Habbash's PFLP.
7. Leaders and guerillas of Entebbe Raid, 1976; also about Amin's bodyguard.
Clippings: 1974-1976. Note by Cookridge to check other Entebbe and Amin
files. Examples: Box 68, Section 2, Envelope 2; Box 68, entire Section
6.
8. Air France Boeing flight, Israel-Paris, redirected from Athens to
Bengazi and hence to Uganda; 80 Israelis aboard. Demand for release
of Palestinians in Israel, Germany, Switzerland, etc, including Archbishop
Capucci. Clippings: 1976. PFLP hijacking leading to Entebbe Raid.
9. La Guardia airport bombing, December, 1975. Clippings; 1975-1976.
10. Bazooka attack on El-Al in Orly, January, 1975; Yugoslav plane hit
instead. Clipping: 1975. Attacker claimed to be of the Mohamed Boudiah
Command
11. Abortive attack on El-Al, Orly, 19 January, 1975. Ten hostages taken.
Mohamed Boudiah Group/ terrorists flown out by France to Baghdad. Clippings:
1975. Attackers from Mohamed Boudiah Command.
12. Orly, May 20, 1978. Clippings: 1978. Attack by "Sons of South
Lebanon"; killed by police in gun battle; account of odd 'hijacking'
of TWA plane in Geneva.
13. British Airways VC-10 at Dubai, Nov. 1974; flown to Tunis, where
it was disowned by Arafat and other Arab governments. Terrorist achievement:
release of 5 prisoners by Egypt, 2 by Holland. All said to be staying
in Tunis, despite PLO demand for surrender and punishment. They were
finally sent to Cairo to face "PLO Trial" with 7 released
terrorists, two said to have been sentenced to 15 years by PLO. Clippings:
1974. Hijackers belonged to a group financed and controlled by Khaddafi.
14. Crash of TWA Boeing 707 in Sept., 1974, off Corfu; 88 dead. Attack
carried out by "Arab Nationalist Youth", Chilean Jose Santos
suicide terrorists. Clippings: 1974-1975. Bomb explosion on board.
15. British Airways VC-10 Beirut-London, March, 1974; landed at Amsterdam
without trouble and then burned. Sami Hussein Tanima, Ahmend Nuri both
held in Amsterdam for trial at Haarlem, June, 1974; they were members
of Gaddafi's National Youth Organization and trained at a special school
for skyjackers in Jordan. There was an attempted prison release and
taking of hostages at Scheveningen Oct/Nov, 1974. Clippings: 1974.
16. Alert at Heathrow, Jan. 1974; reports of stolen SAM missile; NATO
bazooka stolen in Belgium. Clippings: 1973-1974.
17. Lufthansa plane hijacked at Rome in Dec., 1973, flown to Athens
and Kuwait, 31 dead and wounded in Rome. March 2, 1974: plane released
in Kuwait and flown to Cairo "to grace a guerilla court".
Clippings: 1973-1974. Believed to be from PFLP (Habbash's group).
18. KLM Jumbo attacked over Iraq, Dec. 1973., with 74 Japanese aboard.
Clippings: 1973. Hijacker from Arab Nationalist Youth Movement.
19. Athens Airport, Aug. 5, 1973. Terrorists El Arid Shafik, Kantoura
Talaal of the 'Seventh Suicide Squad Abu Youssef" after Najjar
killed in Beirut. It was a "Mistake Raid" planned at El-Al.
The young men were tried in Athens, Jan 24, 1974, and sentenced to death;
reprieved; May 3, 1974, they were released and flown to Libya. Clippings:
1973-1976. Hijackers reportedly from the extreme wing of PFLP under
Wadi Haddad.
20. Japanese Boeing 747, flown to Dubai, blown up in Bengazi, 24 July,
1973; four terrorists: 2 Palestinians, one Japanese ("Hayato Miyazawa"),
and one Honduran, and one girl who killed herself when a hand grenade
exploded (named 'Katie Thomas', a Christian Iraqi). The four were released
by Libya in the summer of 1974, and reported in Beirut in mid-August,
1974. Clippings: 1973-1974.
21. One-Man attack on Athens El-Al Office, 19 July, 1973. Terrorist
flown out to Kuwait. Clipping: 1973. Attacker claimed to belong to Al-Fatah.
22. Attempt on El-Al plane at Rome, August, 1972. Bomb in tape recorder
given to two British girls. Clippings: 1972-1973. Bomb provided by Zaid
Ahmed and Adrian Mohamed Hashem.
23. Attacks: Japanese in Lydda airport massacre, June 1972. Clippings:
1972. Attack claimed by PFLP; sole attacking survivor was Kozo Okamoto.
24. July, 1972 Trial of Lydda Airport Massacre's assassin Kozo Okamoto.
Clippings: 1972-1973. His trial, prison, and attempted escape.
25. Sabena sircraft, May, 1972. Female terrorists Rima Tannous, Therese
Halaseh; sentenced to life in Israel, August, 1972. Clippings: 1972.
Members of 'Black September'.
26. Boeing 747Jumbo at Aden, Feb, 1972; flight New Delhi-Athens-Frankfurt,
with Joseph Kennedy aboard; all released on ₤2 million ransom.
Clippings: 1972. Attackers claimed to be from PFLP.
27. Leila Khaled's own Story (September, 1970). Clippings: 1971-1973.
Article based on her book, "My People Shall Live"; other clippings
about this PFLP member.
28 Abortive Skyjack of El-Al to London; capture of Leila Khalid, Patrick
Anguello in El-Al Boeing on a flight from Amsterdam to New York. Clippings:
1970/ PFLP attack.
29 Three planes to Jordan: TWA 707 from Frankfurt; Swissair DC-8 Zurich-New
York, and BOAC VC-10 Bombay-London via Bahrein, and El-Al 707 Amsterdam-New
York (with Leila Khalid and Anguello), September, 1970. Clippings: 1970,
and handwritten notes. PFLP attacks; planes blown up.
30. Italian DC-8 Rome-Genoa, landed at Cairo, May, 1970. Clippings:
1970. Italian hijacker.
31. Der Spiegel story of four hijacks. General. Clippings: 1970.
Notes (Cookridge) on plane hijackings 1968-1970.
32. Swissair plane blown up over Zurich in mid-air; 47 dead. Austrian
Caravelle simultaneously had a bomb on board, but landed safely, though
damaged. Clippings: 1970. PFLP attack.
33. El-Al plane at Munich, 1970. Clippings: 1970. PFLP attack.
34. El- Al plane at Athens airport, 26 December, 1968; trial in 1970.
Reprisals by Israelis on December 28, 1968 in Beirut airport, with 13
Lebanese planes destroyed. Clippings: 1968-1970. PFLP attack on Boeing
707.
35. Early Attempts, July, 1968. Kidnapping of Israeli aircraft; forced
to land in Algiers. Clippings: 1968. PFLP attack.
36. TWA Flight 840, 1969. Clipping: 1971. Book review of "99 Days
in Damascus" after one passenger was separated from the rest after
the hijacking.
Section 4: Olympic Games Massacre, 1972, Palestinian Terrorists
1. Munich, 1972. I. Clippings: 1972. Events at the Olympic village.
2. Munich, 1972. II Airport Battle with terrorists killing all hostages.
Clippings: 1972.
3. Munich, 1972. III. Comments and Recriminations. Clippings: 1972.
4. Munich, 1972. IV Arabs Prepare for Israeli Retaliation. Clippings:
1972.
5. Munich, 1972. V. Surviving Assassins of Munich Massacre Released
by Germany after Beirut-Frankfurt Lufthansa hijack. Oct-Nov. 1972. Clippings:
1972-1976. Release of Ibrahim Massoud Bodran, Abdullah Mohamed Samir,
and Kadir El-Dnawly.
Box 71
Section 1: Assassinations and Assassination Attempts, Palestinian Terrorists
1. Jews in London Hotel. Clippings: 1975. Machine-gun fire in drive-by
shootings at Portman and Carlton Tower hotel dining rooms.
2. Diary of Violence in London, 1977-1978; bombings by Palestinian terrorists
to 1973. Clippings: 1973, 1978. List of successful murders of both Arabs
and Israelis in London, as well as serious attempts
3. Yousef al Sibai in Nicosia, Feb. 18, 1978; death sentence for assassins.
Clippings: 1978. Delays in the executions of Samir Mohammed Khadar and
Zayed Hussein Ali; finally commuted to life imprisonment in Greece.
4. Attempt on M. Seif and others in Britain. Clippings: 1969-1977. Kidnapping
plots, letter bombs, Molotov cocktails; escape of a suspect.
5. Jordan, PM Wasfi Tal killed by Palestinians in Cairo, 1971. Killers
freed by Sadat, March, 1972. Clippings: 1971-1972. Ziad Mohammed al-Helou,
Mohammed Kheiry Khashan, Jawad Ahmed Abu Aziza, and Mohammed Nabi Hassan
were self-confessed assassins; suggestion is that Sadat was bribed by
al-Fatah to let them go.
6. Attack on El-Al crew in London, 1978: Hostess killed, one attacker
dead, another arrested. Clippings: 1978. Airline crew returning to Europa
Hotel in London attacked by machine-gun and bomb-wielding assailants;
death of Irit Gidron, and a terrorist who stumbled onto his own bomb;
threats in court; bail application; demands by El Al.
Section 2: Palestine-General; Israel
1. Clippings: 1969-1978. Profile of Palestinians as a people; statehood
issues; celebration of 'Palestine Day'; book review.
2. Palestine as seen through Israeli eyes, and vice versa. Clippings:
1973-1978. Attacks on Zionism; Palestinian homeland issues; Hitler's
'Final Solution' and evasions with the Grand Mufti; Israeli settlements.
Section 3: Palestinian Terrorists: Operations and Agents
1. Letter Bombs. Clippings: 1972-1973. 'Black September' letter bombs
sent largely to Israelis and British Jews; published warning of physical
characteristics of letter bombs; later attempt at a poison gas bomb.
2. Anti-Terror Measures, London, Heathrow; Terror squad of Scotland
Yard; Heathrow Security, etc. Clippings: 1969-1978. Arab threats to
shipping, oil rigs; police terror squad; SAS group at Heathrow; bullet-proof
screens around El Al counters at Heathrow; union demand for El Al to
operate out of another air facility than Heathrow.
3. "Black June Group" Attacks in Jordan and Syria; assassination
attempt on Syrian Dep. PM and Chief of Intelligence; financed and armed
by Iraq. Clippings: 1976.
4. "Black June" Group: Attack on Intercontinental Hotel in
Amman, Nov. 1976. Hostages freed; 2 hotel staff and 2 Jordanian soldiers
killed; three terrorists dead, one captured, executed in Amman after
trial. Clippings: 1976.
5. Attacks on Syrian embassies in Rome and Islamabad; all terrorists
surrendered; one killed in Pakistan attack. Clippings: 1976.
6. Attack on Hotel in Damascus (Danish and other foreign hostages);
three terrorists publicly hanged by Syrians. Clippings: 1976. 'Black
June' Terrorists held 90 hostages in the Semiramis Hotel; Syrian army
took them out in a 3-hour gun battle; they were summarily hanged in
front of the hotel.
7. Gang arrested in Holland, Sept. 1975; planned to take hostages in
Amsterdam. Clipping: 1975.
8. Mine Blast kills 42 in Lebanon, in accident at Palestinian training
of Shia "Militia". Clippings: 1975. Land mine set off a series
of explosions in an ammo dump.
9. Jerusalem Bomb Kills 14, injures 65 on July 4, 1975; Israeli retaliation
in Lebanon on 7 July. Clippings: 1975. Explosives in abandoned refrigerator;
retaliation in Beirut killed 13 and injured 37 in raids on camps.
10. Kidnapping of US Army Colonel in Beirut; released after ransom.
Clippings: 1975. The ransom was food and clothing to be distributed
in a hard-hit area of Beirut; it took two weeks.
11. Bomb in Jerusalem; 14+ dead, many injured. Clipping: 1975. Refrigerator
bomb; see this Section, Envelope 9.
12. Attack on Kfar Yuval village by Iraqi "ALF Arab Liberation
Front": 4 terrorists killed, two Israelis, and several wounded.
Immediate Israeli air bombing reprisal on Lebanese village of Kar Shouta.
Clipping: 1975.
13 Hostage-capture at Scheveningen prison. Clippings: 1974. Twenty-two
hostages taken in prison chapel, held by four gunmen for 104 hours.
Nobody killed, all gunmen captured.
14. "Catalogue of Tragedy". File card: 1974. Four instances
of Palestinian attacks on Israelis near the Lebanese border, with numbers
killed.
15. Hotel Attack at Tel Aviv; 13 dead in blast. Survivor told raid staged
to discredit Egypt. Clippings: 1975. Band of PLO guerillas using submachine
guns entered the Savoy Hotel in Tel Aviv.
16. Grenade against Paris café; 2 dead, 27 injured. Clippings: 1974.
St. Germain Drugstore hit; owner was Jewish and a supporter of Israel.
17. Japanese Red Army against the French Embassy in Den Haag. Terrorists
released and flown to Syria with Furuya, whose release was one of their
demands. Clippings: 1974. See also: Box 70, Section 1, Envelope 11.
18. Japanese Red Army: Embassy attack in Den Haag: French Hostages;
terrorists to Damascus. Clippings: 1974. The plane ride to Damascus.
19. Kidnapping of Lebanese Editor. Clippings: 1974. Abu Jawdeh kidnapped
and wounded, questioned about his political position by captors.
20. Archbishop Hilarion Capucci as arms smuggler; his arrest on 8 August,
1974. Release and re-arrest on 18 August. Trial: December, 1974, sentenced
to 12 years; started a short hunger strike. Clippings: 1974-1975.
21. Attempted Assassination of Edward Sieff, head of Marks and Spencer.
Clippings: 1974.
22. Attack on Rihanyia village (Circassian Moslem community); man dead,
his wife wounded. Attackers wanted hostages to negotiate the release
of Archbishop Capucci. Clipping: 1974.
23. Attack on Rosh Hanikra Kibbutz; 1 terrorist killed, 2 settlers wounded.
Clipping: 1974.
24. Car bombs and attacks on newspaper offices. Clipping: 1974.
25. Plan to assassinate Kissinger. Clippings: 1974. Reports that at
least 5 Arab groups had targeted him on a trip to talk with President
Assad of Syria.
26. Massacre of children at Maalot. Clippings: 1974. The hostage-taking;
Israeli assault on the school, and reasons; recriminations.
27. Seizure of Japanese Embassy in Kuwait: to ensure release of terrorists
in Singapore. Clippings: 1974.
28. Hijack of Singapore Ferry (3 Japanese and one Arab terrorist released
and flown to Kuwait). Clippings: 1974. The terrorists pushed two of
the ferry crewmen into the harbour, having unsuccessfully tried to blow
up a Shell oil refinery.
29. Hijack of Greek ship in Karachi to enforce release of terrorists
imprisoned in Greece for outrage in 1973. Hostages aboard the ship eventually
freed; terrorist deported. Clippings: 1974. Incident ended when prisoners
in Greece had their sentences commuted.
30. Two Arabs with IRA connections detained in London, but allowed to
leave for Dublin. Clippings: 1974.
31. Arrest and Deportation of Suspects in Germany before World Cup.
Clippings: 1974. Four Arabs were accused of plotting to destroy the
El Al office in Berlin and other targets; released because of the beginning
of the World Cup games and deported to Cairo to lessen the risk of a
terrorist attempt to free them, or create a hostage incident.
32. Plot to kill Arab kings, presidents at Rabat Conference. Clippings:
1974. See also Box 70, Section 1, Envelope 25.
33. "London Terror Group" Arrests: Charged: Americans - Allison
Thompson, Theodore Dean Browne, Robin Orban, Moroccan: Abelkhir El Hakkaoui,
Pakistani - Atler Naseem. Clippings: 1974. The five knew one another
in California, where they were all residents.
34. Terrorists' Attack on Shamir Kibbutz June 13, 1974; 3 women killed.
Nahariya, June 24. Seventh attack within the month; also description
of suicide raids, April-June 1974. Clippings: 1974, ending June 21.
35. Massacre at Kiryat Shmonah, where three terrorists of PFLP General
Command terrorized Israeli town. Clippings: 1974. Rage against both
Lebanon and Israeli security forces in massacre; Israel walked out of
the UN in protest against condemnation of retaliation; Arabs claim they
wanted to stop settlement; other sabotage events in Israel. See also
Box 68, Section 7, Envelope 8.
36. Assassination of Israeli Military Attaché Col. Alon in Washington.
Clippings: 1973.
37. Nicosia terrorist attack. Terrorists killed by Israeli guards. July,
1973 - seven others sentenced to 7 years by Nicosia court, released
after 8 months in December, 1973. See also Box 68, Section 5, Envelope
21.
38. Soviet SAM missiles found at house near Rome, September, 1973; released,
deported from Italy 2 March, 1974. Clippings: 1973-1974.
39. Plans for terror actions in Britain: Bombs at Israeli bank (January,
1974). Clippings: 1974. Warning to Jewish interests in London to beware
of Arab action in the light of upcoming peace talks. See also attempt
on J. E. Sieff Box 71, Section 3, Envelope 21.
40. Terror gang arrest in Paris; multinational organization, including
Turks. Clippings: 1973-1974. Thirteen pro-Palestinian terrorists arrested
after cache of arms found near Paris.
41. Mohammed Fuheid; arrest in London April, 1973, trial at Old Bailey;
released December, 1974. Clippings: 1972-1974. El-Fatah lieutenant arrested
for carrying guns at Heathrow, and using false passport; claim by his
lawyer that he faced discipline within the group if/when released.
42. Raid on Beirut branch of Bank of America (October, 1973). American
hostage, John Crawford Maxwell, and two Lebanese killed. Clippings:
1973. Prime Minister refused to give in to ransom demands; said two
gunmen were known bank robbers.
43. Kidnap of Jews from Russia within Austria; kidnappers flown to Libya;
sequel of Schönau camp. Clippings: 1973. Camp Schönau was a privately-owned
stopover point for Russian Jews moving to Israel; Chancellor Kreisky
allowed to terrorists to fly from Austria after they released the Baranskys;
much criticism of the Austrian government's action.
44. Kidnapping of Saudi Diplomats in Paris (1973); flight to Kuwait,
etc. Terrorists released by Kuwait and handed over to PLO. Clippings:
1973. Denial that the group was carrying out PLO operation; release
of several women hostages in Paris; four Saudi diplomats and Iraqi ambassador
taken to Cairo for refueling the plane; Tripoli and Damascus refused
landing; Kuwait accepted, and finally got the surrender of the gunmen;
handed terrorists over to the PLO.
45. Assassination plans against Mrs. Meir. Clippings: 1973-1974. Various
plots aimed against Israeli leadership.
46. Al-Fatah and 'Black September': Khartoum Murders (2 Americans, 1
Belgian assassinated). Eight terrorists; trial November 1973; released,
flown to Cairo, 1974). Clippings: 1973. Cleo Noel, US Chargé d'Affaires,
and Curtis Moore, his predecessor, were shot, as was the Belgian Chargé
d'Affaires, Guy Ed; the assassins attempted to force Jordan to release
jailed guerillas in exchange for hostages in Khartoum, and Jordan refused;
the gunmen were eventually tried by Sudanese courts; they were then
flown out to Cairo and handed over to the PLO 'to finish their sentences'.
47. London Connection: Dr. Diane Campbell Lefevre. Clippings: 1973.
Apparent connections to 'Black September', she admitted she had carried
explosives; was suspected of being part of a plot to blow up the Israeli
embassy in Paris; worked with the Red Crescent in Lebanon, and claimed
Israelis had committed serious atrocities against the Palestinians in
the refugee camps.
48. Letter-bomb scare in London (Nov 1972) after murder of Israeli diplomat.
Clippings: 1972. Letter bombs had been sent from India to Jewish people
in London; clampdown after the murder, by letter bomb, of Ami Shachori
in the Israeli embassy.
49. Attack on Israeli Embassy, Bangkok; demand for release of terrorists
held in Israel, including the Japanese terrorist Okamoto. Clippings:
1972-1973. 'Black September' guerillas seized 6 hostages in the Bangkok
embassy, demanded release of 36 Arab prisoners in Israel; Israel refused
to negotiate; Thais realized the gunmen missed the fact it was the Prince's
investiture, so the Ambassador was away; bloodless result. See also
Box 70, Section 3, Envelope 23.
50. Letter bomb kills Dr. Ami Shacori in London (see Envelope 48, this
section) Clippings: 1972-1973. First use of letters as bombs, rather
than parcels.
51. Letter-bombs: from India, Switzerland, etc. Clippings: 1972-73.
Indian officials had found approximately 55 letter bombs sent to western
countries; most were in pink envelopes and carried too much postage.
52. Bomb threat to the "QE II"; May, 1972. Clippings: 1972.
Bomb hoax, possibly from an idea from a creative writing class.
53. Three Britons kidnapped and murdered in Turkey. Clippings: 1972.
Radar technicians were kidnapped and murdered in cold blood by eleven
left-wing guerillas. One guerilla survived and was captured.
54. Germany (Expulsions October 1972 after Munich massacre). Clipping:
1972.
55. Trieste Oil Refinery destroyed, August, 1972. Clippings: 1972.
'Black September' claimed responsibility for destroying five oil storage
tanks.
56. Murder of Ephraim Elrom in Istanbul; secret agent in Eichmann case.
Clippings: 1971. Nine members of the 'Turkish People's Liberation Army"
faced hanging after murdering El-Rom.
57. Trefor Williamss case: Bomb plans against Israel, in collusion
with Egyptian Embassy in London. Clippings: 1970. Jailed for 10 years
in plot to bomb El Al plane; regarded as a Walter Mitty-type dreamer
who wanted to impress MI-5.
58. Early Operations in the 1960s. Clippings: 1967, 1969. Syrian-trained
members of the Palestine Liberation Front caught in a cave; Haifa pipeline
attacked; Ayed Fares Jamal as terrorist.
59. Clippings: 1974-1975. Cross-border incidents: firing across the
border, physical transgression; murder, reprisals, and lack of fear
of reprisals amongst terrorists; bombing in Paris.
60. West Bank. Clippings: 1968-1978. Young Arabs within Israel carrying
out sabotage, bombings in protest to the Camp David accords; arrests
argued to be political, and not for security reasons; young women as
couriers.
61. The PLO in Lebanon. Clippings: 1975-1978. Presence and influence
on Lebanon; attack on Swedish UN peacekeepers; bombings, including in
Beirut; loss of left-wing influence.
Section 4: Arabs and Islam
Arabs:
1. General: Clippings: 1945-1978, and undated. 1945 British Survey
report on "The Arab League"; undated (earlier than 1940):
"The Arabic Countries"; history of Islam; politics in a divided
Arab world; British perspectives.
2. Soviet attitude to Middle East after Nixon's visit and his deal with
Egypt. Clippings: 1974. Nixon's success annoyed Russia, who tried to
de-stabilize the situation.
3. Religion: Islam. Clippings: 1960-1976, and undated. Modern aspects
of Islam: art, architecture, language; the haj; aspects of Sharia law;
advertising.
4. Boycott of Jewish Banks and Firms. Clippings: 1975. List of firms
to be boycotted was 25 years old in 1975, but oil revenues gave the
Arabs more force.
5. Arab Boycott: Trade with Israel. Clippings: 1975-1977. Pressure on
nations to stop trade with Israel.
6. Arabs and Mid-East Peace process. Clippings: 1973-1978. The Arab
summit meetings showed up the divisions within the Arab world.
7. Arabs in Britain: Property, Gambling, High Spenders. Clippings: 1975-1977,
and undated. Increasing numbers of Arab residents in London; expensive
purchases of real estate, businesses; attitudes to British society;
poor little rich girls. See also Box 65, File 17 for 1978 advertising
supplement directed at Arab residents.
8. Life Style. Clippings: 1972, 1976-1978. Factors influencing Arab
thought; 1970s socialization of both men and women; Ramadan.
9. Foreign workers. Clippings: 1976-1978. Difficulties for both sides
in hiring ex-pats.
10. Arms sales to Arab countries. Clipping: 1978. 'Swingfire' anti-tank
weapon.
11. Arab politics. Clippings: 1967-1977, and undated. Tendencies to
discuss matters, pass resolutions, and do nothing; divisions are deep.
12. Interview with E. H. Cookridge. Clipping: ca. 1977. Typescript of
purported (?) interview with Cookridge, in which he names names; some
handwritten notes.
Section 5: UAR(United Arab Republic); Egypt: History, Revolution, Government,
Policy
Egypt:
1. Government: King Farouk's regime, and the revolution that deposed
him. Clippings: 1953-1976.
2. P.M. Mamdouh Salem; Interior Minister. Former policeman appointed
Prime Minister, succeeding Hegazi. Clippings: 1974-1978. His regime,
apparent resignation.
3. Nasser and his regime: 1952-1970. (died September, 1970). Clippings:
1956-1974. Book reviews of 1969, 1974 biographies; reports, mostly 1956,
when he first took office; some of his military commanders.
4. Government: Secret Service; Moslem Brotherhood. Clippings: 1957-1968,
and undated. Reports of trials and executions.
5. Sadat political situation. Clippings: 1971-1978. Student riots, and
later riots; negotiations with, and then withdrawal from the Soviet
Union and China; ouster of Premier Aziz Sidky, and his own decision
to fill that post; his own political party .
6. Sadat's Government, 1970-1975. Clippings: 1970-1975. Includes Cookridge's
own account of the sacking of Aziz Sidky.
7. Sadat's Government, 1976-1978. Diplomatic successes; introduction
of multi-party system; creation of an opposition party; warnings against
Arab states going to war with Israel; economic difficulties inside the
country.
8. Prime minister Dr. Aziz Sidky, replacing Fawzi. Foreign Minister:
Dr. Murad Ghaleb (sacked September, 1972) who replaced Mahmour Riad,
and was himself replaced by Mohammed al-Zayyat. Clippings: 1972. Names
of Cabinet, personal vignettes on the Foreign Ministers.
9. Secret Service. Sadat's purge, May, 1971. Dismissal and later trial
of: Sabry, Gomaa, Fawzi, and Sharaf, all later granted amnesty in 1974.
Clippings: 1971-1974. Undated photo of Fawzi, Cookridge note about imprisonment
of Samy Sharaf.
10. Secret Service after 1967: Howeidy (1968-1970). Conflict with the
newspaper Al Ahram.
11. Press Control: Mohammed Hassanien Heikal. Clippings: 1974-1978.
His firing from the editorship of Al Ahram for failure to toe
the party line; increasing retreat by Sadat from a free press.
12. Six-Day War, June, 1967: before and after. Nasser's "Designation"
and Restoration. Clippings: 1967-1978. Nasser's attempt at resignation;
Sadat's comments on 1973 war.
13. Government: After 1973 war with Israel. Clippings: 1973-1975. Sadat's
confidence, success with peace plan; threats of new war in 1974.
14. Government: 1956 Suez attack. Clippings: 1960, 1976. Claim of US
ignorance of plans; effect of aftermath on Britain.
15. Government: Work to re-open the Suez Canal (1975) with British,
US and Soviet assistance. Clippings: 1974-1976. Sadat decided to re-open
the canal, blocked by wrecks and mines from the 1967 war eight years
before; fifteen ships had been trapped; British participation in clearing
the canal; political and fiscal fallout. See also: Box 72, Section 5,
Envelope 27.
16. Government: Plot to assassinate Sadat; attack at military academy
(Libya involved!). Trial of 95 in June/July of 1974. Clippings: 1974.
Attack on armoury of the military technical college in Cairo; intention
to seize arms and then invade meeting of the political party whom Sadat
was addressing at the time; Gadaffi blamed; 'Islamic Liberation Organization'
had the aim of overthrowing Arab regimes; 50 arrests.
17. Government: Egyptian Communists. Clippings: 1975-1978. Egyptian
Communist Party was a banned organization; accused of leading riots
and undergoing a resurgence.
Box 72
18. Government: Economy and Economic Problems. Clippings: 1972-1978.
Aid in post-war rehabilitation from Iran and Saudi Arabia, the emirates,
France, the USA, and Britain; oil exploration; continuing riots and
discontent.
19. Egyptian-Israeli Peace Process (1). Clippings: 1967-1975. Seesaw
opinions, perspectives during Kissinger's diplomatic efforts; Princess
Margaret's state visit to Cairo.
20. Government: Egyptian-Israeli Peace Process (2). Clippings: 1976-1978.
Camp David talks.
21. Government: Military and Arms Purchases. Clippings: 1956, 1971,
and 1974-1978. Re-arming after the 1973 war.
22. Government: Personalia, Miscellaneous. Clippings: 1968-1978. Pope
Kyrollos, General Neguib, Hafez Ismail, El-Leissy Nassef, Om Kalthoum,
Dimitrios Bitsios, Maj. Youssef Sediek, Ahmed Osman, Aly Amin, Gen Mohamed
Sadek, Mahmoud Abdel Aziz, General Saad El-Shazly, Aly Sabry, nine Egyptian
students arrested in Holyhead.
23.Government: History and Historical Sights. Clippings: 1976-1978.
Travels up the Nile; proposed resort complex near Giza; treasures at
Heathrow; Egyptian Labour Corps.
24. Government: Espionage and Terrorists. Clippings: 1971-1978. Libyan-backed
terrorist activities, attacks by 'fanatical Muslims'.
25. Government: Coptic Church. Clipping: 1971. Pope Schenuda III, 117th
Pope of the Coptic Church.
26. Government: Ambassador Saad El-Shazly in London (1974); 30 May 1975
transferred to Lisbon after only one year. Clippings: 1973-1975. Egyptian
Chief of Staff in the 1973 war; became ambassador to Gt. Britain.
27. Government: Re-Opening of the Suez Canal closed by 1967 War. Clippings:
1972-1975. See also Box 71, Section 5, Envelope 15.
28. Government: Suez, 1956. Clippings: 1957-1973. See also: Box 66,
Section 1, Envelope 6; Box 69, Section 2, Envelopes 10, 12. Book reviews;
op-ed pieces by later commentators; role of USA in the problem.
29. Government: Attempted Coup and Army Purge, 1972. Clippings: 1972.
Sadek replaced by Ismail Ali after army rebellion, and plan to overturn
the Sadat regime; many arrests.
30. Government: Relations with Germany; Brandt's visit, 1974. Clippings:
1974.
Section 1: Egypt: Relations With USSR and USA
1. Soviet Experts and Technicians until expulsion, 1972. Clippings:
1968-1973. Strong influence of Russia on Egypt after 1967 war; fading
and disillusionment under Sadat; expulsion in 1972.
2. Relations with the Soviet Union. Clippings: 1956-1978. Up and down
relationship between Egypt and the Soviet Union; Cookridge note May
5, 1975, on expansion of a Soviet naval base after the expulsion of
the Russians in 1972.
3. Relations with Bulgaria. Clippings: 1974, 1978. From trade deals
to broken diplomatic relations.
4. Sadat trip to USA, October, 1975; Egypt's 'Western Orientation'.
Clippings: 1975. Geopolitical reorientation of Egypt away from the Soviets
to the West, and Sadat's determination to present Egypt's best face;
Israel's nervousness. See also: Box 71, Section 5, Envelopes 19, 20.
in Box 72.
5. Deal with USA on 'Nuclear Assistance'. Clippings: 1974. Outline of
Egypt's wishes for nuclear power; apprehension of Israel about 'peaceful
purposes'; analysis of Brezhnev as a leader.
6. Relations with the USA. Clippings: 1973-1975. Nixon's visit to both
Israel and Egypt, promising nuclear equipment; Israeli worries; Ford's
continuance of Nixon's policies.
Section 2: Relations with Arab Countries
1. Miscellaneous. Clippings: 1972-1978, and undated. Egypt's presence
in the Arab League, in the emirates, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, the Sudan,
Cyprus, Iran; 'oil imperialism' as the sheikhs flexed their muscle;
Sadat's diplomatic rounds; concern over Congo.
2. Egypt Secret Service: in Iraq; overthrow of King Faisel. Clippings:
1956. Role of Iraqi intelligence in thwarting some of Nasser's plots;
unsatisfactory rebound of Western oil money against the West.
3. Relations with Syria. Clippings: 1974-1976. Dissatisfaction by Egypt
with Syrian actions with PLO; rupture of diplomatic ties; rapprochement
later, and formation of political partnership to promote Arab unity.
4. Relations with Libya. Clippings: 1969-1978. Variable relations with
Libya, ranging from possible political union, to re-forming the United
Arab states with Syria and Libya, to accusations of Libyan subversion,
a close escape from a border war and expulsion of resident Egyptians
from Libya.
5. New Union with Libya, 1973. Clippings: 1972-1973. Early proposal
for union.
6. Conflict with Libya; Sadat's accusation of attempted coup by Libya
(1974); Gadaffi's visit to Cairo and the 'reconciliation' (1974). Clippings:
1973-1974.
7. Warlike Conflict with Libya, July 1977. Clippings: 1977. Border conflict;
outside attempts at mediation; exchange of prisoners.
Section 3: Egyptian Secret Service
1. Gen Hassam Aby Basha, Dep. Minister of the Interior, responsible
to Sadat for all security; accused Gaddafi of preparing coup and assassination
(₤500,000 to terrorists in Egypt). Clippings: 1976.
2. F. M. Amer, and arrest of intelligence and army chiefs: purge under
Nasser. Clippings: 1967-1969. Suicide of Amer; purges in Army and Air
Force; purported 'interview' (undated) with Cookridge on spies in the
Egyptian army.
3. Agents: Arthur Patterson, 1971; sentenced to 8 years in Israel. Clipping:
1971. Oddball Brit who abused Israelis because of their supposed abuse
of him.
4. Organization and heads before 1967 War. Clippings: 1956-1967. Nasser's
henchmen; note by Cookridge on Mahmoud Khalil, Col. Fathi Omar, and
Pat Domville, Irish, ex SIS. Notation: 'from Sharar's Book!'
5. Heads: Hafez Ismail, ex-chief of Nasser's Military Intelligence;
Sadat's National Security chief. Clippings: Feb. 1973. Ismail's whirlwind
diplomatic tours, ending in Washington, basically looking for American
aid.
6. Nasser's purge after 1967: arrests of Salah Nasr, Interior Minister
Radwan, War Minister Ali Badran. Clippings: 1967-1968. Amer was supposedly
the leader of a plot to oust Nasser from power.
7. Israeli spies seized. Clippings: 1968-1972. Capture, trials, and
prison or death sentences for Israeli spies.
8. Officials as American spies. Clippings: 1968-1972. Egyptian and foreign
officials accused as spies for the USA.
9. Ex-Nazis in Egypt. Clippings: 1960-1967, and Cookridge's notes. Names
of prominent former Nazis; accusations of anti-Semitic activity by Israel;
notes mention those in 1952-54, then 1960, and their Egyptian names.
10. Gen. Hafez Ismail, Director Military Intelligence, Ambassador. President
Sadat's National Security Advisor. Empty Envelope.
11. Heads: Vice-President and General Hosny Mubarak (born, 1928, Soviet-trained
pilot, technologist). Empty envelope.
12. Ahmed Ismail (Aly). Clippings: 1969-1974. Ismail was Chief of Staff,
War Minister and Deputy Premier; he became chief of Intelligence in
1971; died at 57 of cancer in London; much mourned.
13. Zakariah Mohieddin. Clippings: 1970-1971. Internal security advisor
to Sadat; former Interior Minister and Prime Minister; when Nasser died,
he was seen as the ablest of the possible successors.
14. Miscellaneous. Clippings: 1966-1974. Spy chase; looting of Nasser's
safe after his death; Cairo Military Academy attack; religious extremism
at Cairo trial.
Section 4: Egypt: Activities Against Israel
1. Egypt: Clashes with Israeli Forces. Clippings: August, 1973. Supposed
dogfight near the ceasefire line in Suez; Egypt claimed to have downed
one plane; Israel said all planes returned to base.
Section 5: Algerian Secret Service
1. Algeria, General. Clippings: 1973-1974. After independence from France;
its oil and gas industry; other facets of its economy.
2. Drug Smuggling: Trap for British smuggler and death sentence. Clippings:
1975. Crackdown by Algeria on smuggling; entrapment of accused smuggler
by Algerian authorities.
3. Rabat Conference on Palestine, 1974. Clippings: 1974. Political observations,
including an opinion that decisions made at Rabat brought the Middle
East closer to another war. See also Box 70, Section 1, Envelope 25;
Box 71, Section 3, Envelope 32.
4. Summit after 1973 War. Clippings: 1973. Boycott of summit by Gadaffi,
Bakir; translation of the French communiqué from the meeting.
5. Islamic Summit in Lahore. Feb 1974. Clippings: 1974. Meetings featured
PLO; adopted the idea of using oil money to alleviate poverty in 'have-not'
Moslem countries; no specifics.
6. Heads held by Israel. BOAC aircraft seized, 1969. Clippings: 1970.
Plane made a scheduled stop in Israel; two Algerians: Khatib Jaloul,
and Ali Benaziz, were detained; Jaloul identified as head of secret
police, and Benaziz a senior official of the Algerian security service;
denials on both sides, but were detained for two months.
7. Struggle for Liberation: F.L.N., Ferhat Abbas, etc. Clippings: 1958
- 1974. Leadership of the revolt; politics; torture under F.L.N.; obit
for Messali Hadj, religious leader who began the fight for independence
in 1925.
8. New President Col. Benjedid Chadli, who succeeded Boumedienne (1979).
Clipping: 1979.
9. Boumedienne regime since the deposition of Ben Bella (1965); Boumedienne's
death. Clippings: 1969-1978. Attempt in the UN to get have-not nations
to pool their resources for mutual strength, and to take on the industrial
world; later seen as Arab hard-liner; accounts of his illness and death
at 51.
10. Boumedienne regime and other Arab countries. Clippings: 1971-1972.
Lukewarm attitude to doing away with Israel, and lack of support for
Sadat's position except in Algeria and Libya.
11. Ben Bella, deposed by Boumedienne (1965). Clippings: 1968, 1974,
1978. Appeal for Ben Bella's survival through UN; Bouteflika's dismissal
by Ben Bella led to the latter's overthrow; suggestion that Ben Bella,
at 60, might be reinstated after Boumedienne's death.
12. Support for Black Panthers and American exiles. Clippings: 1970
- 1972. Willingness of Boumedienne regime to offer shelter to rebels
from several countries, largely because Cuba was in such poor economic
straits; Black Panther leaders started to get money from China, and
this worried the Algerians; skyjacking attempts by Panthers failed to
obtain ransom money they wanted as income, as Boumedienne insisted upon
returning both plane and funds to the USA, and cutting off the Algerian
government subsidy.
13. Non-aligned States conference in Algiers, Boumedienne presiding.
Clippings: 1973. Opposition to smaller countries being subject to control
by powerful nations; derailing of conference by Arab terrorists; bad
manners of some attendees; weak results.
14. Support for Polisaro, and fighting with Morocco. Clippings: 1976-2977,
and undated. Polisario's attempts to take over Spanish Sahara with Algeria's
support; bitter clashes with Morocco; refugee problem; general losses
by Algeria.
Section 6: Bahrain and Kuwait
1. Bahrain: General. Clippings: 1967 - 1978. Western military bases
in Sharjah, Bahrein; crossroads nature of Bahrein; booklet from philatelic
bureau on new issues for 1973 National Day.
2 Kuwait: General and Political. Clippings: 1967-1978. Opposition of
Kuwait to western-backed support of Israel; social issues; section of
the Financial Times on Kuwait (1976); displeasure of the Ruler with
both government and the press; closure of a newspaper, disbanding of
the boards of representative associations: lawyers, teachers, etc; democracy
was generally shut down
3. Kuwait: Economics. Clippings: 1971-1976. State subsidies for medicine,
foreign education, telephone service, etc; ejection of foreign oil companies
from the emirate; threats of oil price rise.
4. Kuwait: Arms Purchases. Clippings: 1973-1977. Purchases of arms from
USA; lending Mirage fighters to Egypt; buying tanks from Britain; cancelling
deal with Russia.
5. Kuwait: tensions with Iraq. Clippings: 1974, 1976. Iraqi border incursions,
intimidation; loss of democratic activities; criminalization of mention
of Iraq; increased tension.
6. Kuwait: Kuwaitis abroad. Clippings: 1975-1977. Attempt to create
playground on barrier island; Kuwaiti robbed in Cannes; becoming Lord
of the Manor in British villages.
7. Persian Gulf States: General. Clippings: 1956, 1973-1976. 1956 map
of the Persian Gulf oilfields; lifestyles of the rulers and the wealthy.
Section 7: Iraqi Secret Service
1. Iraq, General. Clippings: 1946-1963. King Feisal II and the revolution;
British Survey (August 15, 1941) article on Iraq.
2. Iraq: Revolution. Clippings: 1958, 1969. Death of Feisal at 23, other
atrocities; changes in Revolutionary Council.
3. Iraq: Successive Governments and History: 1921 King Feisal. King
Feisal II assassinated 1958; 1958, Gen Kassem (Quasim) 1958-1963 - executed;
1963, Abdul Salim Arif 1963-1966 - killed in air crash. 1965, PM was
Dr. Abdul Rahman al-Bazzaz; 1966 - Abdul Rahman Arif 1966-1968 (exiled);
1968, Gen. Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr (Abdul Razzak al-Naif led the coup,
but was shouldered out by Bakr - he went to London at the time of writing:
1973). Clippings: 1957-1977.
4. Iraq: General Situations. Clippings: 1973-1977. Optimism for the
future of Iraq under Ba'ath Party; lack of fiscal control; social issues.
5. Iraq: Spy "plots" and Executions in 1969. Clippings: 1969-1971.
Arrests and executions by the Iraqi government of Iraqi Jews and others
charged as spies for Israel, the USA, and Iran; world reaction.
6. Iraq: Putsch attempt by Officers foiled; 40 executed. Clippings:
1970.
7. Iraq: Welcome to Sudan coup attempt; officials die in plane crash.
Clipping: 1971. Plane 'exploded and crashed' at Jeddah en route to Khartoum;
questions of sabotage; Cookridge comment that it was a connection with
the coup in the Sudan, and the killing of two officers from London.
8. Iraq: Expulsion of British Diplomats, 1971. Clipping: 1971.
9. Iraq: Putsch attempt foiled in 1972; 45 officers executed. Clipping:
1972.
10. Iraqi Secret Service: Heads (1973). Saddam Huseini ("Vice-President")
Vice Chairman of the Revolutionary Command Council(and Intelligence.
Clippings: 1973, 1975. Saddam Hussein's rise to power.). See Whitaker,
1974, on dismissal in 1971 of Vice-President General Ammash, and Foreign
Minister Abdel Karim al Shaikhli
11. Iraq: Putsch attempt foiled (1973); 17 officers executed. Clipping:
1973.
12. Iraqi Secret Service: Connections with Abu Nidal Palestinian group;
also of assassinations of dissidents abroad, and P.L.O. Clippings: 1978.
Attempts to prevent London from becoming an Arab battleground;
13. Iraq: Expulsion of 11 Iraqis from London; Iraqi terrorist suspects.
Clippings: 1978. Threats from Iraq over expulsions.
14. Iraq: Relations with USSR. Clippings: 1972-1978. Declining relationship
going from friendship port and Soviet arms provision to execution of
Iraqi Communists.
15. Iraq: Assassination of exiles, Various. See also PLO: Iraqi-controlled
factions: Box 70, Section 1, Envelope 17.
16. Iraq: Assassinations of exiles: Abdul Razak al-Naif. First attempt,
Feb. 1972; Assassination July, 1978. Clippings: 1970-1978. Newspaper
warning of attempts to kill exiled Iraqis; failed, and then successful
attacks on al-Naif.
17. Iraq: Iraqi Kurds: Longstanding revolts; Mustafa Barzani, etc. Clippings:
1952-1977. Rebellion against Iraqi government; barbaric treatment of
innocent Kurdish villagers by Ba'athists; Iraqi attempts to starve the
entire Kurdish population; Iraq offering amnesty and then killing those
who accepted it.
18. Iraq: Kurds: Renewed revolt and Iraqi reprisals (Persian assistance
to Kurds). Clippings: 1973-1975. Includes reports of Soviet assistance
to Iraq.
19. Iraq: Liquidation of Kurds, after agreement with Iran. Clippings:
1975. Iraq's apparent amity with Iran, but breaking the spirit of it;
Saddam Hussein in power, and breaking his word; Kurds streaming across
the border to uncertain exile in Iran after yet another offer of amnesty
by the Ba'athists; rejection of negotiated settlement proposed by Kurds;
advance of army into abandoned Kurdish strongholds.
20. Iraq: Relations with non-Arab countries. Clippings: 1973-1978. Diplomatic
ties: USA and the West; spat with Britain over Arab shoplifting; control
of trade, oil transport; political asylum for Iraqis in the west
21. Iraq: Arms Purchases. Clippings:1968, 1977. Mirage jets; small arms.
22. Iraq: Conflict with Israel. Clippings: 1968-1976. Iraq at war with
Israel since 1948; hanging of Israelis; ethnic violence; troops 'donated'
to Egypt for 1973 war; opposition to peace process.
23. Iraq: Terrorist attacks. Clippings: 1973-1977. Problems within Iraq.
24. Iraq: relations with Arab countries. Clippings: 1975-1979. Iraq
and Syria' border scuffles, problems in Ethiopia; anti-Sadat Tripoli
Alliance; Assad/Saddam talks.
25. Iraq: Cookridge's notes. Clippings: undated, handwritten. Comments
about Iraqi-Soviet relations; Iraqi leadership; changes to leadership;
executions/killings.
26. Iraq: Coup attempt by Secret Service Chief Kazzar, 30 June, 1973,
and murder of Defense Minister Shehab. Kazzar executed July, 1973, along
with 36 others. "Vengeance" by Baghdad Axman (September, 1973).
Clippings: 1973. Purge followed the coup plot; Saddam Hussein as spokesman
and power broker.
Box 73
Section1: Jordan Secret Service
Jordan:
1. History. Undated, post WWII clipping on Jordanian history.
2. Miscellaneous. Clippings: 1967 - 1978. Its people, politicians, and
the country in general.
3. King Hussein: Personal, marriages, etc. Clippings: 1961-1978. Includes
an advertisement for the memoirs of his grandfather, King Abdullah.
4. King Hussein's Plan for West Bank Federation. Clippings: 1972. Proposal
for a 'United Arab Kingdom', linking West Bank Arabs in a federal union
with the East Bank.
5. Assassination attempts on King Hussein. Clippings: 1972-1974. Attempts
by 'Black September', the PLO, and others.
Jordan Secret Service:
6. Heads and Organization. Clippings: 1968-1974. Major-General Mohammed
Rasoul al-Kilani as Head of Intelligence, and later National Security
Advisor.
7. Abu Daoud, al-Fatah leader captured, sentenced to death, reprieved
(1973); release of terrorists and Abu Daoud September 19, 1973. Clippings:
1973. Related to Black September guerillas.
8. Final Action against al-Fatah Guerillas (July, 1971). Clippings:
1971.
9. King Hussein's own story of the 6-Day War of 1967. Clippings: 1968.
Two articles in the Sunday Telegraph.
10. Palestinians' Rebellion after sky-jacking, Sept. 1970. Clippings:
1970. Palestinian guerillas fighting Jordanians in early 1970; fighting
in Jordan after the guerillas seized and blew up a TWA aircraft in Amman.
11. Hussein's climb-down at Rabat (1974); compromise with Arafat. Clippings:
1974.
12. Operations against Palestinians. Clippings: 1968-1971, and undated.
See also this Section, Envelopes 8, 10, 11.
13. Prime Minister Zaid Rifai. Former Ambassador to London; attempted
assassination Dec. 1971. Clippings: 1971-1973. Black September assassination
attempt; French refusal to extradite the accused assassin; Rifai's appointment
in 1973 as Prime Minister of Jordan.
14. Sale of (British) Arms to South Africa and Rhodesia. Clippings:
1974, and Cookridge's handwritten note attributing information on the
sale to Israeli Intelligence.
15. Jordanian Arms Purchases. Clippings: 1974-1976. American refusal
to sell an anti-aircraft system to Jordan led to Jordanian talks with
the Soviet Union, and then led back to the United States.
Jordan:
16. Jordan, the West Bank, and the Mid-East Peace Process. Clippings:
1973-1979.
17. Jordan and Israel. Clippings: 1968-1978. Relations between Jordan
and Israel in the light of Middle East peace talks.
18. Jordan Secret Service: Jordan's relations with other Arab states.
Clippings: 1967-1975.
Section 2: Lebanon
1. History and Government. Clippings: 1969-1973. Historical information;
undated MEA (Middle East Airways) brochure on Lebanon.
2. Secret Service and Espionage. Clipping: 1973. Cookridge's note on
the appointment of Joseph Dahrouj as Director of Internal Security Services.
3. Population, Economics, Beirut. Clippings: 1966-1975. Lebanon's economic
life and Beirut; undated article on Beirut, almost certainly from Reader's
Digest.
4. Fighting against Palestinian Terrorists. Clippings: 1972-1974. Internecine
warfare.
5. Israeli Punitive Invasions. Clippings: 1972-1975.
6. Clashes between Palestinians and Lebanese Falangists (1974, 1975).
Clippings: 1974-1975. Reports of clashes leading up to the Civil War.
7. Military Government after Falangist/Palestinian fighting in Beirut;
succeeded by Prime Minister Karami. Clippings: 1974-1975.
8. Renewed Civil War in Beirut (1975). Clippings: August-December, 1975.
9. Palestinian guerillas in bid for power. Clippings: 1974-1975. One
of the initiating factors in the civil war.
10. Syrian intervention in 'Truce' between Left and Right. Clippings:
1975-1976.
11. American help for right-wing Falangists: arms supplies. Clippings:
1975.
12. Government chaos during Beirut fight (1975). Clippings: 1975.
Renewed Civil War in Beirut:
13. Jan.-Mar., 1976. Clippings: 1976.
14. April-May, 1976. Clippings: 1976. Peace efforts; elections; subsequent
fighting.
15. June-July, 1976. Clippings: 1976. Arab League peace efforts.
16. August-September, 1976. Clippings: 1976. Iraqi soldiers sent to
aid leftist/Palestinian forces; more peace talks.
17. October-December, 1976. Clippings: 1976. The economic costs of war;
Syrian invasion.
18. PLO and Syrian Involvement, January-June, 1976. Clippings: 1976.
Back-and-forth battles over Lebanon by PLO and Syrian leaders.
19. January, 1977-June, 1978. Clippings: 1977-1978. Press censorship;
fighting in Israeli border; UNH peacekeeping forces; Israeli invasion.
20. July, 1978-November, 1978. Clippings: 1978. UN peacekeeping ; renewed
fighting after Syrian attacks.
21. July, 1976 - October 1978. Clippings: 1976-1978. Syrian attacks;
Iraqi troops with Syrians.
22. Lebanon: Coup by Gen. Aziz Ahdab, and ousting of President Franjieh
(1976). Clippings: 1974-1976. See also This Section, Envelope 18.
23. Lebanon: Miscellaneous. Clippings: 1974-1975, and undated. Arab
terrorists; Palestinian refugees; caricature of Henry Kissinger; advertisement
for Bulloch, J. Death of a Country: Civil War in Lebanon (McMaster
Library: DS87.B84).
Section 3: Libya
1. Under King Idris: 1946-1969. Clippings: 1947-1974. Libya and its
historical background; King Idris, deposed in 1969, became Egyptian
citizen in 1974.
2. Col. Muammar el Gaddafi (Quadhafi); coup against King Idris, Sept.
1969. Clippings: 1972-1973. Gaddafi and his background.
3. Gaddafi (Biographical and background of the regime); also other leaders
of the Revolutionary Command Council. Clippings: 1970-1974. Handwritten
note by Cookridge on some members of the Revolutionary Council.
4. Gaddafi and his government. Clippings: 1970-1978. Libyan government,
especially at 3, 5, and 8 years after the King's overthrow; young pilots
fleeing Libya.
5. Governmental statements on Policy, Economics, etc. Clippings: 1975-1978.
6. March on Cairo for Unity - Gaddafi resigns, and comes back. Clippings:
1972-1973. Proposed union of Egypt and Libya; its failure; the failure
of the Libyan march on Cairo.
7. Varied relations with Egypt; dispute, 1975. Clippings: 1973-1978,
and undated. Variances in the relationship between the two countries,
ranging from union to war; claims (undated) that Arab leaders agreed
Gaddafi should be overthrown. See also Box 72, Section 2, Envelopes
4, 5.
8. Relations with other Arab countries, including assistance during
wars against Israel. Clippings: 1971-1978. Failed union between Libya
and Tunisia; admission that Libyan air force took part in the 1973 war
against Israel; Libya's financial support for the war; Gaddafi's varying
influence in the Arab world.
9. Assistance to Palestinian Terrorists. Clippings: 1972-1973. Support
for 'Black September' from Libya.
10. Foreign Relations: Assistance to the 'anti-imperialists', such as
Amin of Uganda, Malta, etc (1973), Philippines rebels, arms for IRA,
Contacts with Ulster Loyalists. Clippings: 1972-1978. Support for the
above, plus rebels in Portuguese Guinea, the Central African Republic,
Chad; handwritten note by Cookridge about Libyan arms to the IRA.
11. Relations with other countries. Clippings: 1973-1979, and undated.
Libya's actions against other countries and groups; arms for the Tutsis
in Burundi in their genocidal war against the Hutus; annexation of part
of Chad.
12. Relations with Britain: Libyan Officers trained in Britain and Malta.
Clippings: 1973-1975. Libyan air traffic controllers, pilots, trained
in Malta, the USA and Switzerland; British training of Libyan seamen;
embargo on British imports.
13. Anti-British and anti-American measures; expulsion of British and
Americans; nationalization of oil. Clippings: 1972-1975.
14. Foreign relations: France; arms deals. Clippings: 1973-1976, and
undated.
15. Foreign relations: USSR; Kosygin's visit, arms deal (1974-1975).
Clippings: 1972-1978. Arms sales in1976; establishment of a Soviet naval
base in Libya; support for Ethiopia with Soviet arms; Soviet nuclear
power plant; plans for Libya to obtain Soviet nuclear weapons.
16. Attempts at Nuclear potential. Clippings: 1975. See also this Section,
Envelopes 1, 15.
17. Officers' Plot: opposition to Gaddafi. Clippings: 1974-1975. Two
coup attempts. See also this Section, Envelope 23.
18. 'The Hilton Assignment': plot to overthrow Gaddafi, 1970, 1971;
Patrick Seale's story. Clippings: 1973. Three-part newspaper story;
reviews of Seale, P. and McConville, M. The Hilton Assignment.
19. Libyan airliner shot down over Israel (1973). Clippings: 1973. The
airliner had entered Israeli airspace east of the Suez Canal.
20. Libyan madman (drunk?) kidnap of aircraft to Israel. Clipping: 1973.
Foiled by Israeli forces; no damage.
21. Gaddafi's actions for assassinations of Sadat, Bourgouibi; implications
in attack on Cairo military academy. Clippings: 1975, undated.
22. Contacts with Plaid Cymru - Welsh Nationalists. Clippings: 1976.
23. Repression. Clippings: 1975-1977, and undated. Prisoners in Libya;
death penalty; torture; execution of officers in 1975 coup attempt.
See also this section, Envelope 17.
24. Libya and terrorists. Clippings: 1976-1978. Involvement in supplying
detonators to terrorists; assassination plots and murders outside Libya;
Gaddafi's support of skyjackings.
Box 74
Section 1:Mauritania.
1. General. Clippings: 1977-1978. Saharan War; military coup.
Section 2: Morocco
1. General. Clippings: 1944-1978. History, people, rulers; Morocco as
a drug-running centre.
2. Attempt to assassinate Hassan at his 42nd birthday party; Minister
of Defense and others killed. Clippings: 1971-1975.
3. Attempt to shoot down Hassan's plane (1972); Lt. Col Muhamed Amerkane,
Lt. Midaoui responsible for air attack; fled by helicopter to Gibraltar,
but were handed over to the Moroccan police. Both executed Jan. 1973.
Widow of Amerkane paid ₤37,500 by British Govt after lawsuit;
plea by Hassan for Spain to negotiate settlement to Spanish Sahara future.
Clippings: 1972-1975. See also this Section, Envelope 4.
4. Secret Service chief Gen Mohamed Oufkir: alleged suicide after second
attempt on King Hassan (1972). Clippings: 1972-1973. See also this Section,
Envelope 3.
5. New Coup attempts and executions. Clippings: 1973-1977, and undated.
6. Moroccan and American girl in kidnap attempt case in London (1974).
Clippings: 1974.
7. March to Spanish Sahara. See also Spain. Clippings: 1975. Part of
an attempt to take over Western Sahara.
8. Conflict with Spain over Sahara and phosphate; Spanish relinquish
Sahara. Clippings: 1974-1978.
9. Western Sahara and the Polisario. Clippings: 1975-1978. Moroccan
seizure of control over Western Sahara, and subsequent warfare with
the Polisario guerillas.
10. Morocco and Britain. Clippings: 1969-1978. British individuals and
problems with Morocco.
11. Miscellaneous. Clippings: 1971-1977. The country; property seizures;
the royal court; changes to the government; Moroccan support of Zaire
in Angolan invasion.
Section 3: Oman
1. General: History, Rulers, People, Economics, etc. Clippings: 1966-1978.
From obscurity to being courted by the Chinese. See also Box 65, File
17.
2. War against rebels; British military aid. British officers in Oman.
Clippings: 1968-1978. Communist rebels, supplied and armed by Iraq,
China, and the Soviet Union, and opposed by Britain, followed by Jordan
and Iran, brought under control after a lengthy struggle (1968-1973).
3. British and American bases, against Soviet fleet in Gulf. Clippings:
1975.
4. British Support - General. Clippings: 1976-1977, and undated. British
military and arms support.
Section 4: Saudi Arabia
1. History, Creation, Ibn Saud. Clippings: 1956-1974, and undated. See
also Box 65, File 17.
2. Economics, Oil. Development of oil fields by Arabian-American Oil
Co (1956), with infusions of cash; cuts in supply to USA in 1974; huge
profits from selling oil; wealth of the nation; political control.
3. Industrial Economy. Clippings: 1976-1978. Development of industry.
4. Pilgrimage to Mecca: Profits and Arab propaganda out of pilgrimages.
Clippings: 1972-1975. Advertisement for a book of photographs, "Pilgrimage
to Mecca" by Mohamed Amin.
5. King Faisal's Regime. Clippings: 1973-1975. The king as the controller
of oil supplies.
6. The assassination of King Faisal, March, 1975. Shot by his nephew,
Faisal bin Museid.
7. Assassination Faisal by Faisal bin Museid (Msaad): Interrogation
regarding possible conspiracy; trial, beheading of murderer. Clippings:
1975.
8. Assassination of Faisal: Repercussions in the Arab world. Clippings:
1975. Commentary from the West on the possible future of the country.
9. After the assassination of King Faisal: King Khalid, and Crown Prince
Fahd. Political Changes, 1975. Clippings: 1975-1978. Khalid's policies
of generosity within the framework of an anti-Israeli philosophy; Prince
Fahd as tough-minded economist.
10. Aid to Arab States, and relations with other countries. Clippings:
1962-1975.
11. Intelligence Service + CIA. American training, US arms deals; Kamel
Adham, Head of security. Clippings: 1966-1977, and handwritten notes.
British arms support; general data on military strength in the Persian
Gulf; notes on CIA links and arms purchases.
12. Slaves. Clippings: 1956-1963. Slavery in Saudi Arabia.
13. Adnan Khashoggi. Clippings: 1976. Arms dealer.
14. Relations with France. Clippings: 1977-1978. French nuclear research
centre in Saudi; arms sales; diplomatic relations.
15. Relations with United States. Clippings: 1974-1978, and undated.
Diplomacy; sales of arms; oil supply pressure, aircraft sales.
16. Relations with Great Britain. Clippings: 1973-1979. Diplomacy; sales
of arms and commercial goods; Saudi 'high spenders' in the UK; British
workers in Saudi. See also: Box 71, Section 4, Envelope 7; Box 72, Section
6, Envelope 7.
17. Saudi Arabia's 'Dark Age' justices. Clippings: 1978. Reports of
execution of Saudi Princess for eloping, and other executions; sharia
law.
18. Miscellaneous. Clippings: 1974-1978. Foreign relations; policies;
people.
Section 5: Sudan
1. General. Clippings: 1947-1969. British Survey Magazine Vol.
VIII #4, March, 1947 on 'The Anglo-Egyptian Sudan', 16 pp; the coup
which ended with Numeiry as head of the regime.
2. Plot against Numeiry foiled, July 1971; Plot leaders: Lt. Col. An
Nour Osman, Major Farook Hamadalla, flying from London, were kidnapped
to Libya, handed over, and executed. Clippings: 1971, BOAC VC-10 passenger
aircraft carrying two leaders of the communist attempted coup was forced
to land in Libya; Numeiry's counter-coup led to an anti-Communist purge.
3. Clippings: 1972-1975. Conflict between North and South Sudan; rejection
of Fatah and 'Black September' after Khartoum massacre; internal unrest;
relations with other African countries; anti-Communist activities; economics.
4. September 1975 coup attempt. Clippings 1975-1976. The attempt, arrests,
sentencing, executions.
5. Coup attempt by Libya (1976) during Pres. Numeiry's absence at Mauritius;
he accuses Gaddafi. Clippings: 1975, and undated. Failed coup; trials
and executions of plotters and invaders; Libya blamed; controversy with
Britain over BBC broadcasts.
6. Sudan and the Soviet Union. Clippings: 1977. Expulsion of Soviet
diplomats; 'anti-Soviet' attacks.
7. Sudan and Ethiopia. Clippings: 1977. Tensions and skirmishes between
Sudan and Ethiopia.
8. Numeiry and his government. Clippings: 1976-1978. Includes reconciliation
with Sadiq al-Mahdi.
Section 6: Syria
1. Before 1971. Clippings: 1966-1971. Events before and approaching
Hafez el-Assad's seizure of power in November, 1970.
2. Recent Developments from 1972 onward under Assad. Clippings: 1973-1978.
The Euphrates Dam; Cookridge handwritten note about Syrian dreams of
a united Arab state.
3. Conflict with Iraq (1975) over the water of the Euphrates. Clippings:
1973-1979. Tensions between the countries; 1979 mutual defense pact.
4. Syria and the Soviet Union. Clippings: 1971-1978. Varying relations
with the Soviet Union and Soviet arms supplies; Soviet assistance to
Syria in the 1973 War.
5. Syria, Britain, and the United States. Clippings: 1973-1976. Diplomatic
postings; requests for arms, etc.
6. Syrian Jews. Clippings: 1967-1976, and undated. Mistreatment of Syrian
Jews.
7. Syria and Lebanon. Clippings: 1974-1978, and undated.
8. Syria, Israel, and the Middle East Peace process. Clippings: 1973-1978.
9. Syria and the Golan: Kissinger, Gromyko, the UN, etc. Clippings:
1974-1976.
10. Army tension. Clippings: Dec. 1972-Jan. 1973. Israeli reprisals.
11. Opposition to Assad. Clippings: 1973-1978.
Section 7:Syrian Secret Service
1. Col. Serraj. 1956: Chief of Intelligence under Pres. Kuwatli and
PM Sabri-el-Asali; 1958: Union with Egypt, as Min. of Interior; 1959
(Americans in Damascus trying to engineer a coup) until coup in Sept.
1961, he was the 'miniature Nasser of Syria'; 1961 - arrested, escaped
to Cairo (by anti-Nasser Ba'ath). Clippings: 1957. Under Serraj, a leftward
swing toward the Soviet Union.
2. Ba'ath young officers' coup, Feb. 1963 under Salah al Bitar, followed
by pro-Nasser demonstrations ten days of Ziyah-al-Hariri); then 1963:
Amin al-Hafiz; al-Jundi death.; Feb 1966 left Ba'ath: Salal al-Jadid:
Attasi; Nov. 13, 1970: Hafez al-Assad. Clippings: 1962-1969. Throughout,
a strong Soviet influence.
3. Syria: General situation. Clippings: 1957. Also handwritten note
about Syrian intelligence.
Section 8: Tunisia
1. French-Tunisian Clash at Bizerta, 1961. Clipping: 1961.
2. Bourguiba's mediation plan (1973) between Israel and the Arabs. Clippings:
1973, and undated.
3. General. Clippings: 1967-1978. Miscellaneous items.
4. Proposed Libya-Tunisia link. Clippings: 1974. Proposed merger, and
its rejection by Tunisians.
5. Tunisia and the Soviet Union. Clippings: 1975-1976. Kosygin's visit.
6. Opposition to the government. Clippings: 1974, 1978. General strike
against the government; arrests and jailing of its leaders; handwritten
note of other arrests and trials for 'plotting against the security
of the state'.
Section 9: United Arab Emirates: Abu Dhabi, Ajman, Dubai, Fujairah,
Sharjah, Ras Al Khaimah, Umm Al Qaiwain.
1. Persian Gulf States: General. Clippings: 1968-1978. Information about
the region, the people, and the economy.
2. United Arab Emirates: General. Clippings: 1975-1978, and undated.
History of the emirates; diplomats; immigrant-running; drugs.
3. United Arab Emirates: Abu Dhabi. Clippings: 1975-1976. Its economy;
ruler.
4. United Arab Emirates: Dubai. Clippings: 1968-1977. The economy; the
people; Muhammad Mahdi al-Tajir.
5. United Arab Emirates: Qatar. Clippings: 1976, 1978. The ruler; smuggling.
Section 10: Yemen: Yemen Arab Republic (Taiz & Sana'a), and People's
Democratic Republic of Yemen (Aden)
1. General and History. Clippings: 1956-1978. Yemeni royalty; Aden and
British involvement; three-part series on the Yemens.
2. Pre-Independence Fighting. Clippings: 1967. Includes Egyptian use
of poison gas in Yemen.
3. Government. Clippings: 1974-1978. 1974 North Yemen coup led by Ibrahim
al-Hamdi; his assassination in 1977; assumption of power by Ahmed Husain
al Gasmi; al-Gashmi's assassination in 1978 blamed on South Yemen; subsequent
upheaval in South Yemen, and Arab League boycott of South Yemen; North
Yemeni President Ali Abdullah Saleh succeeds al Gashmi in 1978; foiled
coup attempt in October 1978 ends clippings.
4. North Yemen - General. Clippings: 1973-1976. US arms sales; dwindling
Soviet influence; loss of military links with Soviet in 1976.
5. Assassination of North Yemeni former Prime Minister Abdullah al-Hajri,
his wife, Fatimah, and Abdullah Ali al-Hammami in London. Clippings:
1977. Police search for those involved; Marxist involvement in the murders
was suspected.
6. Aden (South Yemen). President Salem Rubia Ali. Clippings: 1978. Ouster
and execution of President Ali after a coup touched off by the bomb
assassination of al-Gashmi in North Yemen (See This Section, Envelope
3); Moscow's influence on South Yemen.
7. South Yemen (Aden) - General. Clippings: 1967-1978. Varying Soviet
influence in this generally Marxist region.
Box 75
Africa
Section 1: Africa: General
1. Clippings: 1939-1978. African history; colonial rule and its end.
Includes British Survey Vol. I (8), August 4, 1939 on European
colonization in Africa; Africa, 1964, of July 10, 1964; Sunday
Telegraph 3-part series entitled, " Under Black Rule"
of July/August, 1970; black leaders and heads of state.
2. Communist Infiltration. Africa Institute Bulletin. Vol. VI
(5): 130-161. June 1968. South African publication from "The Africa
Institute of South Africa" which is a multi-university-based body
for "collecting and scientific processing of data relevant to the
well-being of man on the African continent, and [its] dissemination
to
interested bodies and the general public
"
Section 2: Organization of African Unity (O.A.U.)
1. Assembly in Kampala, 1975. Clippings: 1975. Idi Amin was host;.
2. General. Clippings: 1964-1977, and undated. The organization; its
activities; its failures; issue of Africa, 1964 (#15), July 24,
1964; Angola crisis.
Section 3: People's Democratic Republic of Angola
1 Portugal and Angola: Independence and Troubles. Clippings: 1974-1975.
Mercenaries in the civil war; large number from Cuba; General Spinola
and the army mutiny.
2. USA through the CIA: Intervention in Angola. Clippings: 1975-1976.
Involvement of numerous outside elements in addition to the USA, in
Angola: Zaire, China, Russia, North Korea, South Africa, Cuba.
3. Cuban aid to MPLA, and Victory; Soviet Arms Assistance. Clippings:
1975-1976. Russian aid includes 'advisors', tanks, fighter aircraft,
other arms, and supply aircraft; East German and Nigerian support for
the Marxists; effects of SWAPO and Cuban troops on refugees.
4. South African intervention in Angola, 1975-1976. Clippings: 1975-1976.
Support for Nationalists; active participation in bloodshed, with losses
and captures; invasion and repulsion by Marxist groups; amendments of
South African law to make it legal for them to intervene in Africa anywhere
south of the equator; trials of South African soldiers; UN inquiry sought
by South Africa.
5. British Mercenaries See also this Section, Envelope 7. Clipping:
1978. See also: Box 42A, F5; Box 75, Section 3, Envelope 1.
6. Trial of British and other mercenaries, June, 1976. Four executed.
Clippings: 1976. Trials and execution of Costas Georgiou, known as 'Callan',
and three other British mercenaries. See also: Box 41B, Files 24, 27.
7. MPLA total victory and new government: President, Dr. Neto. Clippings:
1975-1977. Includes 1977 coup attempt.
Section 4: Comoros
1. Clippings: 1975-1978. Rebellion against overthrow of President Ali
Soilih; attempted secession of Anjouan Island.
Section 5: Congo (see also Zaire, Box 76, Section 12)
1. Clippings: 1977. Assassination of President Ngouabi and his replacement
by Joachim Yhomby Opango.
2. Clippings: 1955-1976, and undated. General information about Congo;
background and information on Moise Tshombe; seizure of his airplane
flight, and his delivery to Algeria by Francis Bodenan; Tshombe's 'trial'
and subsequent death; detailed report of his kidnapping.
Section 6: Djibouti
1. Clippings: 1977. Includes threats from Somalia; independence from
France, 1976.
Section 7: Ethiopia
1. General. Clippings: 1944-1974. General articles about Ethiopia and
its history; copy of British Survey Vol V (21), August 12, 1944;
photo and article about Haile Selassie, the Emperor; book review of
Hardie, F. 'The Abyssinian Crisis' (McMaster Call #: DT 387.8 .H34,
1974), and Coffey, T.M. 'Lion by the Tail: the Story of the Italian/Ethiopian
War.
2. Haile Selassie: Imprisonment, Illness, Death (1975). Clippings: 1974-1976.
Revolts in Ethiopia leading the Haile Selassie's deposition; actions
against the royal family; Haile Selassie's death in August, 1975.
3. Deposing Haile Selassie, and the government. Clippings: 1974. Army
coup; show trials of the deposed cabinet members and officials, and
mass executions.
4.: Marxist government. Clippings: 1975-1978. Progress of the government
formed after Haile Selassie's overthrow; arrests and killings; attempted
coups; in-fighting amongst the Marxist dictatorship members; Cuban troops
in Ethiopia; Russian arms deals.
5. Eritrea. Clippings: 1972-1978. Revolt in Eritrea against the Ethiopian
government.
6. Britons kidnapped by Eritrean rebels. Clippings: 1975-1977. Kidnapping
of Basil Burwood-Taylor, the honorary consul in Avmara; the Tyler family,
Jon Swain, Ian MacCherney, Brian Haslehurst, Bruce Thomerson, Tom Davies.
Section 8: Equatorial Guinea
1. Clippings: 1974-1976. The reign of terror and oppression by President
and Dictator Francisco Macias Nguema.
Section 9: Mozambique
1. Portugal-Mozambique massacres; also, Caetano's visit to London. Clippings:
1973-1974. Communist-led rebels, using Soviet arms, against the massacre
of Africans by the Portuguese; Caetano visited London in July, 1973.
2. Independence and troubles. Clippings: 1973-1975, and undated. Profiles
of Samora Machel, the Communist President at independence; Chinese-style
purge; threats of sanctions from South Africa.
3. Independence, 1975. Clipping: 1975.
4. Post-Independence. Clippings: 1975-1977. Cuban and Soviet influence,
and Soviet arms supplies.
5. Conflict with Rhodesia. Clippings: 1974-1976. Raids from Mozambique
into Rhodesia and vice versa; South Africa offers aid to Rhodesia; Chinese
training of Mozambique fighters in Mozambique; Russian support for black
nationalists in Mozambique who were fighting Rhodesia.
Section 10: Rhodesia (Zimbabwe)
1. General. Clippings: 1965-1977. History; fight against black independence;
political movements.
2. Smith's 'Surrender' and comments, Sept. 1976. Acceptance of black
rule - Nkomo; Kissinger's visits; statements by African Presidents and
guerillas. Clippings: September, 1976.
3. Summit at Victoria Falls. Smith + Nationalists = Voster + Kauanda.
Clippings: 1975. Attempts to establish a negotiated settlement.
4. Settlement Efforts. Clippings: 1974-1978. More efforts toward a negotiated
settlement.
5. Niesewand Case. Clippings: 1973 and undated. Arrest of journalist
Peter Niesewand on unspecified charges under the Official Secrets Act;
his trial in camera; conviction; the resultant outcry; his appeal
and release; his arrival in England; a review of his book "In Camera".
6. Terrorists. Clippings: 1973-1977. Terrorist attacks by and on the
black guerillas.
7. Black opposition groups. Clippings: 1973-1978. Action by the government
against the opposition groups; in-fighting between the two groups.
8. Influence of the Soviet Union. Clippings: 1976. Soviet efforts to
influence the opposition groups, and other nations' opposition to their
efforts.
9. Mercenaries. Clippings: 1975-1978. Attempts to hire mercenaries;
degree of success; opposition by Britain.
10. Conflict in adjacent states. Clippings: 1972-1977. Battles with
guerilla forces in Mozambique, Zambia, and Botswana.
11. Britain and the Commonwealth. Clippings: 1972-1976. Diplomatic and
other relations.
12. Kissinger. Clippings: 1976. Dr. Kissinger's efforts to bring about
a negotiated settlement.
13. Church Leaders. Clippings: 1973-1976. Reactions of church leaders
to the actions of the Smith government. The arrest, trial, conviction
and imprisonment of the Rt. Rev. David Lamont.
14. The Sithole Cases: Rev. Ndabaningi Sithole, Dr. Edson Sithole. Clippings:
1974-1977. Arrest and subsequent disappearance of Dr. Edson Sithole;
arrest, trial, conviction, appeal and release of Dr. Ndabaningi Sithole,
leader of the Zimbabwe African National Union.
15. The Todd Case. Clippings: 1969-1970. House detention of Garfield
Todd, former Rhodesian Prime Minister, and of his daughter who, when
released, went to Britain; Mr. Todd was detained on two occasions.
16. Trials of Alfred Trevor Gallaher, Roger Nicholson (CIA agents).
Clippings: 1969-1970. Convicted spies were deported; Cookridge's handwritten
note about the CIA in Rhodesia.
17. Sanctions: McIntosh Case. Clippings: 1974-1975. His trial sentencing,
escape from custody to Mozambique; he was handed back to Rhodesia by
Mozambique, with all the resultant diplomatic questions; McIntosh had
exposed Rhodesia's breaking of UN sanctions.
18. Portugal. Clippings: 1974. Effect on Rhodesia of the coup in Portugal.
19. Rhodesian Secret Service: Counter-measures against sanctions. Clippings:
1969-1977. Articles about Rhodesia's breaking the UN sanctions.
Section 11: Somalia
1. General. Clippings: 1969-1978. Geography, economics and politics.
2. Soviet infiltration. Clippings: 1973-1977. Soviet influence and military
bases in Somalia before expulsion in 1977.
Box 76
Section 1: South Africa
1. South-West Africa (Namibia). Clippings: 1946, 1972-1978. History;
the in-fighting of the independence movements with Soviet, Cuban, South
African and UN influences on the process.
South Africa:
2. Clippings: 1941, and undated. History of South Africa; issue of The
British Survey, Vol. II (26): 101-104, May 30, 1941, "South
Africa at War"; South African Information Service publication,
issued in 1967 or 1968, 24 pp: "Setting the Record Straight: the
United Nations and South Africa."
3. General. Clippings: 1964-1978. People, leaders, economy, government,
politics; South African freedom Foundation.
4. Apartheid. Clippings: 1973-1978. How apartheid works; its supporters
and opponents.
5. Elections, 1974. Clippings: 1974. Vorster's election and subsequent
government actions; repression; Robben Island and other prisons.
6. Soweto Massacre and other Disturbances, 1976. Clippings: 1976. Riots
and the conditions leading up to them.
7. Repression. Clippings: 1970-1978. Detentions, imprisonment, torture,
deaths of detainees, and other repressive acts by South African authorities.
8. President Nicholas Diedrichs. Clippings: 1975-1978. His election
and his death.
9. United Nations. Clippings: 1974-1976. UN threat to remove South Africa
from its membership; strong condemnation of the Voerster government.
10. Press Restraints. Clippings: 1969-1977.
11. Steve Biko. Clippings: 1977-1978. Imprisonment and death of Steve
Biko; subsequent questions about the cause of death and those responsible.
12. Department of Information Scandal. Clippings: 1978. The department
was disbanded after a scandal affecting the Minister: Dr. Connie Mulder;
government inquiries.
13 Nuclear activity. Clippings: 1975-1977, and undated. Description
of program; undated advertisement for the book, "The Nuclear Axis"
by Zdenek Cervenka and Barbara Rogers.
14. Arms and Defence. Clippings: 1972-1978. Purchases and sales of arms;
defence concerns.
15. Simonstown Naval Base. Clippings: 1974. Controversy over the presence
of a British naval base at Simonstown.
16. Britain. Clippings: 1974-1978. Relations between the two countries.
17. Transkei Homeland. Clippings: 1972-1976. South African relations
with the Transkei.
18. British Commonwealth: Protectorates: Bechuanaland, Basutoland, Swaziland.
Clippings: 1970-1974. Seizure of power in Lesotho by Chief Jonathan;
his later actions.
19. Secret Societies; the South African 'Underground'. Clippings: 1961-1963.
20. Zulus. Clipping: undated. The story of Dingaan, about 1830.
Section 2 - Republic of South Africa - Intelligence.
1. BOSS (Bureau of State Security) - Organization, Head, General. Clippings:
1969-1978, and undated. Its establishment, the Head: General Hendrick
van den Bergh; Interrogation methods under Major Theunis Jacobus Swanepoel;
spying activities, domestic and foreign; repression; Cookridge handwritten
note on BOSS.
2. BOSS agents in Britain. Clippings: 1965-1977. Spying activities in
Britain; Club of Ten advertisement.
3. BOSS operations against Thorpe and Liberals. Clippings: 1976. BOSS
involvement in the Thorpe affair and attempts to discredit the Liberal
Party; Gordon Winter's involvement; other British targets; involvement
of South African diplomat J. L. Russouw; involvement of Fred Kamil in
smear campaign. See also Box 37, File 15.
4. African National Liberation Organizations: African National Congress,
Pan Africanist Congress, etc. Clippings: 1969. "Africa's Warring
Liberators".
5. Double agent: Peter Tombs. Clippings: 1968. Accusation of South African
involvement in the assassination of Tom Mboya, a Kenyan Minister.
6. British citizens arrested on sedition and 'terrorism' charges. Clippings:
1969, 1976. Arrests of Philip Golding, and David and Susan Rabkin.
Section 3: Southern Africa: Malawi, Botswana, Lesotho, Swaziland
1. Botswana. Clippings: 1974-1976. Democracy and growing Soviet influence.
2. Lesotho (formerly Basutoland). Clippings: 1974-1976. Killings as
the result of an unsuccessful coup attempt in January 1974. Jailing
of opponents of Chief Leabua Jonathan's one-party regime.
3. Malawi (formerly Nyasaland). Clippings: 1973-1976. The repressive
rule of Dr. H. Kamuzu Benda.
4. Swaziland. Clippings: 1962-1973. Political Life.
Section 4: West Africa: Ghana, Gambia, Sierra Leone
1. Ghana: British Commonwealth. Clippings: 1961-1978. Ghanaian economics;
political life; coups and repression under the military government of
I. K. Acheampong.
2. Ghana Secret Service. Clippings: 1960-1971. Attempts to subvert using
forgery, interference in internal affairs; Nkrumah's activities, expulsion;
suggestion the people want him back.
3. Liberia. Clipping: 1973. Attempt on the life of President William
Tolbert.
4. Sierra Leone. Clippings: 1970-1975. Coup attempts.
Section 5: West Africa, (Former French Colonies): Mauritania, Senegal,
Guinea, Mali, Upper Volta, Ivory Coast, Togo, Dahomey, Cameroon, Gabon,
Belgian Congo
1. Benin (Dahomey). Clippings: 1972-1977. Army coup in 1972, the 5th
since independence in 1960; name change from Dahomey to Benin; abortive
coup in January 1977, with French and Moroccan links; coup attempt in
1975.
2. Central African Republic. Clippings: 1972-1977. President Jean-Bedel
Bokassa and his repressive regime.
3. Chad. Clippings: 1969-1975. Army coup against President Tombalbaye
and French hostage Françoise Claustre held by Chadian rebels. See also
Box 50, Section 2, Envelope 17.
4. Equatorial Guinea. Clipping: 1975. The murder of former Vice-President
Edmundo Bosio Dioco.
5. Gabon. Clipping: 1972. General data on Gabon
6. Guinea. Clippings: 1971. Attempted 1970 coup, and Sekou Touré's repressive
regime.
7. Ivory Coast (Côte d'Ivoire). Clippings: 1973-1975. Attempted 1973
coup, and diplomatic visit.
8. Malagasey Republic (Madagascar). Clippings: 1972-1976. General information;
reports of assassination and military government in 1975; death of Premier
in air crash.
9. Mali. Clippings: 1975. Border disputes with Upper Volta.
10. Mauritania. Clippings: 1960-1976. Independence in 1960; general
information; increased geographical size by acquisition of Western Sahara;
economy; war with the Polisario. See also: Box 74, Section 1, Envelope
1.
11. Morocco. Clipping: 1966-1967. The Ben Barka kidnap case. See also
Box 50, Section 2, Envelope 8.
12. Niger. Clippings: 1974-1976. Military coup in April, 1974, ousting
President Hamani Diori; plots in 1975, and an abortive coup in 1976.
13. Togo. Clipping: 1977. Review of the government under Gnassingbé
Eyadéma.
Section 6: Nigeria and Biafra:
1. Nigeria. General. Clippings: 1960-1979, and undated. Historical background;
economics; coups; politics.
2. Biafra. Clippings: 1969-1974. The Biafra secession and its leader,
Odumegwu Ojukwu.
3. Nigeria: Overthrow of Gen. Gowan; coup d'état, August, 1975; new
leader: Gen. Murtala Mohammed. Clippings: 1973-1976. Gowan's coming
to power; unrest; his overthrow.
4. Nigeria: Abortive coup: Pres. Gen. Mohammed killed, Feb. 1976. Clippings:
1976. Attempt by Lt. Col. B. S. Dimka, supposedly on behalf of the deposed
Gen. Gowan; Gowan in Britain; efforts by Nigeria to extradite him.
5. Nigeria: Secret Service. Clippings: 1960-1970, and undated. Map of
Nigeria; Biafran war; Nigerian oil.
6. Nigeria: the Commonwealth connection : Nigeria, Gold Coast, Gambia,
Sierra Leone. Clippings: 1943-1946. Two issues of The British Survey:
Vol V (8, 11) and News-Letter Supplement 523, all on West Africa,
mostly Nigeria.
Section 7: Burundi
1. Clippings: 1972, 1976. Ouster of President Michel Micombero after
10 years; outline of scenery and economics.
Section 8: Kenya
1. Commonwealth connections. Clippings: 1971-1978, and undated. History;
politics; murder of Dr. Johnston Muthiora; infiltration of Ugandan spies;
murder of Tom Mboya, and Tombs's suggestion South Africa was involved;
death of Jomo Kenyatta, President since 1963.
2. Kenyatta's Family Corruption. Clippings: 1974-1975.
3. Murder of Josiah Kariyuki. Clippings: 1975. Murder allegedly by the
police; resulting parliamentary inquiry; attempt by the government to
amend the final report; political fallout.
Section 9: Rwanda
1. Clipping: 1975. Shooting elephants; resettlement.
Section 10: Tanzania (Tanganyika + Zanzibar)
1. Zanzibar. Clippings: 1960-1973, and undated. General background on
Zanzibar.
2. Tanganyika. Clippings: 1947, ~ 1953. Background information on Tanganyika,
including September, 1947, issue of The British Survey: Vol VII
(15): "Tanganyika Territory".
3. Zanzibar revolt (1972). Clippings: 1972-1974. Sheikh Ahmed Karume's
absolute rule in Zanzibar; his assassination; the trial of those involved,
and their death sentences.
4. Julius Nyrere. Clippings: 1968-1972. His idealism; 1968 issue of
'Debemoja' about Nyerere's oppressive rule.
5. Clippings: 1973-1978. Prisoners: political and others; the country
as a terrorist base; rifts with its neighbours; economy, including Uganda's
invasion in 1978; description of results of the Ugandan invasion; 1973
trial and sentencing of Percy Cleaver for spying.
Section 11: Uganda
1. British Commonwealth and Obote Regime. Clippings: 1970, and undated.
Ugandan corruption; the Kabaka of Buganda.
2. Makerere University and Massacre. Clippings: 1976, and undated. Massacre
of students in August, 1976.
3. Archbishop Luwum. Clippings: 1977. Murder of Anglican Archbishop
Jawani Luwum.
4. Robert Scanlon. Clippings: 1977. Imprisonment of Robert Scanlon,
and his supposed escape.
5. Soviet Help and Arms for Amin. Clippings: 1975-1977. Soviet arms
for Uganda; diplomatic breach in late1975; resumption of relations;
more arms supplies, and Soviet assistance to Amin's group responsible
for many of the secret killings.
6. Secret Service, and Attempts on Pres. Amin (1976): "Special
research service"; Mr. Astle, "Security Adviser". Clippings:
1975-1977.
7. Idi Amin. Personal and Family data. Clippings: 1972-1976.
8. Relations with Tanzania: Clippings: 1975-1979. Amin's acrimonious
relations with Tanzania; Uganda's invasion of Tanzania.
9. Clippings: Amin's relations with other African countries.
10. Relations with Great Britain. Clippings: 1975-1977. Amin's treatment
of British citizens; relations with Great Britain.
11. "Treason Case", and Dennis Hills; Amin's Blackmail. Clippings:
1975-1976, and undated. The 'treason' case against Dennis Hills; Amin's
blackmail of Britain and Hills's release after the trial was dropped;
reviews of his book, the manuscript of which was the cause of his arrest.
12.: Hills's articles about his arrest. Clippings: 1975. Two Sunday
Telegraph articles by Dennis Hills about his arrest, trial, imprisonment,
and release.
13. General. Clippings: 1975-1978. General articles about Uganda, Ugandans,
foreign relations, and the economy.
14. Amin's Dictatorship, and Terror. I. Clippings: 1971-1973. Expulsion
of Asians; disagreement with Great Britain; killings.
15. Amin's Dictatorship, and Terror. II. Clippings: 1974-1977, and undated.
16. Amin's Dictatorship, and Terror. III. Clippings: 1973-1977. 1973
Sunday Telegraph articles by Christopher Munnion. 1974 Observer
series by David Martin. 1977 Sunday Times article by Henry Kyemba,
the Ugandan Minister of Health, who defected.
Section 12: Zaire
See Also: Congo'(Box 75, Section 5), Belgian Congo (Box 76, Section
5)
1. Clippings: 1972-1978. Mobutu's personality cult; general information
about the country; Katangan invasion of Shaba Province from Angola;
French aid to fight it; claims of Soviet backing for the insurgents;
massacre in Kolwezi, Shaba Province; East German involvement in a second
attack on Shaba.
Section 13: Zambia
1. Clippings: 1964-1978. Economics; politics; repression by Kaunda;
nationalization of foreign-owned assets.
2. Intelligence - Spy Trials. Clippings: 1967.
Box 77
Section 1: China
Political Philosophy. Clippings: 1976-1978. Treatment of foreigners;
changes with time; economic/political issues after death of Mao; demands
for increasing freedom.
2. Trade with the West (1970). Clippings: 1945-1970. Miscellany of language,
politics, and trade figures.
3. Labour unrest; radicalism. Clippings: 1969-1977. Anti-radical demonstrations
in Shanghai, Peking, Paoting; labour unrest.
4. Foreign Relations I: with Russia. Clippings: 1969-1979. Conflict
over border issues; philosophical differences; name-calling.
5. Foreign Relations II - with Russia. Clippings: 1969-1978. Expulsion
of Russians for spying; verbal attacks of various kinds by China on
Russia; claim by Russia that China wanted access to NATO arsenal information..
6. Foreign relations III: with other Communist countries. Clippings:
1971-1978. Largely changes after Maos death.
7. Foreign Relations IV: with USA, and non-Communist countries. Clippings:
1970-1978. Trade; diplomacy; visits from foreign dignitaries to Peking
(Beijing).
8. Foreign Relations V: with USA. Clippings: 1971-1974. Kissinger in
China; exchange of diplomats; attempts at détente. See also: Box 65,
File21 for Foreign Relations VII.
9. Foreign Relations VI: Meetings in France, India, Africa; detainees.
Clippings: 1971-1974. Discussions of mutual interest.
10. Military, Nuclear activities. Clippings: 1950-1977. Political activities
within the military; atmospheric nuclear testing.
Chinese Leaders:
Mao Tse-tung
11. Clippings: 1969-1975, and undated. brief biography; possible stroke,
ageing.
12. His death, and problems of succession I. Clippings: 1975-1977. Op-ed
pieces on Maos death; mourning in China; reviews of books about
Mao.
13. His death, and problems of succession II. Clippings: 1973-1975.
Speculation upon possible successors.
14. Article: undated, but 1968-1969. Colour weekend-style magazine article
on Mao.
15. His 80th birthday, 1973. Clippings: 1973-1974. Recognition of the
anniversary and its implications; 25th anniversary of the Republic on
1 October, 1974.
16. Chiang Ching, Maos widow. Clippings: 1975-1976.
Born Li Yun-lo, she became an actress with the name Lan Pin. Her name
as Maos consort was bestowed upon her by Mao; dislike of her amongst
powerful groups came to the fore after Maos death: she was accused
of various misdeeds, from assassination plots to local riots; her supposed
abuse of Mao; her supposed Gang of Four; book reviews.
17. Teng (Deng) Hsiao-ping. His descent from power. Clippings: 1975-1976.
Seen as right-wing, and capitalistic.
18. Teng (Deng) Hsiao-ping. Clippings: 1973-1979. His position within
the party at various times; his rehabilitation as leader; pro-Western
stance; beginnings of liberalization as leader.
19. Hua Quo-Feng, Maos immediate successor. Clippings: 1976-1978.
Rapid appointment of relative unknown, despite diplomatic questions;
resumption of trade after Maos death; his immediate political
housecleaning, with removal of potential rivals, appointment
of his own men; image-building efforts; policy statements; Chin Chi-Wei
as Commissar in Peking.
20. Chou En-lai. Clippings: 1969-1976, and undated. Personality; aides
in UN; speculation on leadership.
21. Chou En-lai. His death. Clippings: 1976. Declining health and death.
22. Lin Piao. Clippings: 1971-1976. His decline; accused of death plots
against Mao; his supporters purged; the odd mystery of his death over
Mongolia.
23. Wang Hung-ying. Clippings: 1973. Selected as Maos right-hand
man, so considered to be #3 in power at that time, after Mao and
Chou En-lai.
China:
24. Personalia. Clippings: 1971-1978. Brief articles: Gen. Huang Yung-sheng;
Lin Piao; Chou En-Lai; Obits for Marhal Shu The, Pi Ting-chun; Liu Shao-chi;
Ni Chih-fu; Li Hsien-nien; Chiao Kuan-hua; Chia Chi-yun; Wu Teh; Chiang
Ting-fa; Nieh Feng-chih and Ma Ning in the military; Chiang Kai-shek
(biography); Chou Jung-hsien; Wu Hsiu-chuan; Wang Hai-jung; Li Te-Sheng;
Ho Yin; Li Chung Sheng; Fu Tso-Yi;.
25. Politics and People: Reports from Outsiders I. Clippings: 1965-1976.
Reports from 20th anniversary of the republic; its so-called senseless
struggle; historical perspectives; visitors reports; op-ed
pieces; book reviews.
26. Politics and People: Reports from Outsiders II. Clippings: 1964-1976.
27. Politics and People: Reports from Outsiders III. Clippings: 1971-1973.
28. Foreign Detainees, and some releases. Clippings: 1969-1975. Notable
prisoners: Anthony Grey; Bishop J. E. Walsh; H. F. Redmond, who committed
suicide; other nationalities who were released either after long internment,
or almost immediately.
29. Protests. Clippings: 1971-1976. Anti-right demonstrations in Peking;
clashes with the army; doubts that the left-wing won the last round;
the role of wall posters.
30. Unrest; ideological attempts to bring order. Clippings: 1962-1974.
Bulletin on Chinese aggression; miscellany of strong-arm attempts to
keep people in order.
31. Conquests, and Fear of further Attempts. Clippings: 1973, 1974.
Taking over Paracel Islands; meetings about invading Taiwan.
32. Taiwan, Chiang Kai-shek. Clippings: 1971, 1972, and undated.
33. Tibet. Clippings: 1956-1970. Failure of 1956 rebellion; escape of
Panchen Lama.
34. Détente with West. Clippings: 1964-1976. Diplomatic recognition
of Mainland China by USA; talks; visit by President Ford; Soviet opposition.
35. Easing of Political Tension. Clippings: 1974-1976. Amnesty for 293
alleged war criminals; appointment of Chen Hsi-lien as Defense
Minister.
36. Economics: Oil, Population. Clippings: 1970-1976. Oilfields north
of Harbin; rising wages; increasing population; increasing international
telephone service.
37. 10th Party Congress, 1973; first assembly of elected deputies, 1975.
Clippings: 1973-1975. 5000 delegates for election of representatives
of the areas; new draft constitution.
38. Communist Government 1964-1965. Clipping: 1965. Radio Free Europe's
list of Party Leaders.
39. Communist Government 1966. Clipping: 1966. Radio Free Europe's list
of Party Leaders.
40. Atomic Bomb. Clippings: 1969. Reviews of "The China Cloud"
by W. L. Ryan and S. Summerlin; article about the building of nuclear
establishments in China.
41. Secret Service. Clippings: 1967-1968. Old clippings on Mao's opponents;
suspected spies; dislike of foreign diplomats.
42. Secret Service agents in South America. Clipping: 1964. Confessed
Chinese agents caught in Rio with training documents on guerilla fighting.
43. Chinese agents in Asia. Clipping: 1963. Infiltration of alleged
potential guerillas into 'Siam', Laos, and Eastern Burma.
44. Chinese agents in Africa. Clippings: 1961-1965. Radio broadcasting,
rail lines, fomenting rebellion.
45. Defections to the West. Clipping: 1962. Defection of Chao Fu in
Scandinavia.
46. Alleged British and American spies. Clippings: 1969-1970. "Forgotten
Captives", Britons detained in China; main article deals with six
of the 17 captives, q.v. in other envelopes in this section:
Eric Gordon and family; Peter Crouch; Peter Will; and George Watt; David
Johnston. . See also British Secret Service: Agents in China (Box 42B,
File 31).
47. Imprisoned Americans: Redmond, Walsh. Clippings: 1970. Suicide of
Redmond (see also this section, Envelope 28; Box 64, Section 8, Envelope
24); release of Bishop James Edward Walsh.
Imprisoned Britons:
48. Capt. P. Edwards, Second Officer Patrick Duff. Clippings: 1970.
Their ship boarded in Shanghai, and these and other officers removed
for questioning; all returned to the ship except Duff, and ship was
forced to sail without him; ongoing concerns (see this section, Envelope
52).
49. Eric Gordon and family. Clippings: 1969. Their report of their captivity.
50. Anthony Grey. Clippings: 1969. See also: this section, Envelope
28; Box 42B, File 30; Box 43A, File 13.
51. Capt. R. V. Pope, First Officer D. V. Jones. Clippings: 1968. Picked
up for 'espionage'; released in July, 1968.
52. Capt. James Ray. Clippings: 1970. Mentioned in parallel with Patrick
Duff (see this section, Envelope 48); shipping company retaliated by
stopping shipping to Chinese ports.
53. George Watt. Clippings: 1968-1970. Engineer released after three
years; considerable political pressure exerted from Britain.
54. Capt. Peter Will. Clippings: 1969. Ship's captain bodily removed
from his ship at sea by Chinese officials; his release, 1969.
Box 78
British Commonwealth
Section 1: Australia
1. General: Clippings: 1943-1978. Geography; British Survey
IV (25, 26), 1943 articles; economics; 1970s politics; firing of Gough
Whitlam.
2. Secret Service: Clippings: 1969. The secretary who confessed she
had spied on Japan in the Japanese embassy. See also Box 60, Section
1, Envelope 13 for a letter to Cookridge from John Ruffles about reference
to Soviet spies in Australia; outline of Cookridge's reply.
3. Booklet: ca. 1950. British Survey Popular Series booklet #74,
24 pp + 2 covers with data. General statistics.
Section 2: Bangladesh
1. History, Politics after recognition as a state; Sheikh Mujib's Dictatorship.
Clippings: 1972-1977.
2. Overthrow and murder of Sheikh Mujib; new regime of Khandaker Mushtaque
Ahmed. Clippings: 17-22 August, 1974. Murder of Mujib's entire family
in the military coup; power struggle; accession of Ahmed; return to
normal.
Section 3: British Commonwealth (Including Crown Colonies, Protectorates,
Associated States)
1. General. Clippings: 1943-1977. General articles; Commonwealth leadership;
British Survey V(2), 1943, VIII (9), 1947.
2. Falklands Dependencies. Clippings: 1976, and undated. The Falklands,
St. Helena, and other British Territories in the South Atlantic and
Antarctica.
3. Borneo and Sarawak. Clippings: Post-WWII governance in Sarawak; British
Survey VI (12), 1945 Pacific Series: issue on Borneo.
4. Papua New Guinea. Clippings: 1943-1975, and undated. History and
Independence; British Survey IV (24), 1943, on New Guinea.
5. Mauritius, Seychelles. Clippings: 1963-1977. Seychelles independence,
and overthrow of the government in a leftist coup; Marxist win in Mauritius;
removal of islanders from Diego Garcia archipelago.
6. South Pacific Islands - Tonga, Pitcairn, Samoa. Clippings: 1947-1976,
and undated. British Survey VIII (20), 1947 on 'The British Pacific
Islands'; US Information Service press feature from 1960, on Samoan
independence; Soviet interest in a naval base on Tonga; description
of a visit to Tonga; draft proposal for an article by Cookridge under
the pseudonym 'E.H.S. Grant' on Pitcairn, together with undated clippings
as background, and Cookridge's handwritten working up of the title for
the article. Original typescript in Series 5, Box 25A, F.11.
Section 4: Canada
1. Clippings: 1962-1976, and undated. General articles on Canada and
Canadians.
2. Canadian Secret Service. Clippings: 1978. Report of spying activities.
3. Soviet spies in Canada: A. F. Loginov (1961), not Yuri Loginov in
South Africa (1967-1969). Clipping: 1961.
4. Soviet Spies in Canada: Gerda Munsinger and Canadian Politicians
(1966). Clippings: 1966
5. Soviet Spies in Canada: Bower Edward Featherstone. Clipping: 1967.
Section 5: Cyprus
1. General description. Clippings: 1947, and undated. British Survey
VIII (8), 1947 on 'Cyprus'; copy of pseudonymous Cookridge typescript
by 'Hedley Anderson' entitled 'The Isle of Goats': original typescript
in Series 5, Box 25, File 11; illustrated tourist brochure, 24 pp.
2. Fight for Independence, EOKA, and after Independence. Clippings:
1961-1974. Power sharing.
3. British Bases: Akrotiri and Dhekelia Episcopi, also during conflict
in 1974. Clippings: 1974.
4. Polycarpos Georghadjis, murdered March, 1970. Clippings: 1970. Assassination
linked to plot against Makarios.
5. Grivas and EOKA-B against Makarios; Grivas' death 1974. Clippings:
1971-1977. Grivas was promoting 'enosis': Cyprus's becoming a part of
Greece.
6. Makarios's measures against Grivas and EOKA, 1971-1974. Clippings:
1973, and undated.
7. EOKA-kidnapped Justice Minister, and bomb outrages. Clippings: 1972-1973.
8. Makarios's conflict with Athens before coup d'état. He accuses Athens
of planning his assassination; dismisses Greek officers of National
Guard. Clippings: 1972-1974.
9. Coup d'état against Makarios, June 1974. Clippings: 1974-1977. 1976
arrest and prosecution of Nikos Sampson.
10. CIA and American involvement in the coup d'état, in fear for radar
stations. Clippings: 1974. US reaction to the coup.
11. Turkish invasion after coup. Clippings: 1974, and undated. Invasion
and post-invasion.
12. Makarios in exile in London. Clippings: 1974. Makarios in London,
at the UN, and planning his return to Cyprus.
13. Geneva Conference, July, 1974 after coup d'état and Turkish invasion.
Clippings: 1974.
14. After deposition of Nikos Sampson: Clerides. Glafkos Clerides as
President, then acting President until Makarios's return. See also Geneva
Conference (this section, Envelope 13).
15. Turkish occupation, 1974. Clippings: 1974. The occupation and its
aftermath.
16. Turkish Cypriots; Rauf Denktash; Atrocities. Clippings: 1974.
17. Renewed Turkish advance after failure at Geneva Conference: 'Attila
Line'. Clippings: July-September, 1974.
18. Unrest in Cyprus. Clippings: 1970-1974. Attempted assassinations;
politics.
19. Moves toward Partition. Clippings: 1975. Greek-Turkish conflicts;
movements of refugees; partition.
20. Post-partition. Clippings: 1976-1978. Post-partition Cyprus; Greek-Turkish
conflicts; Cypriot politics.
21. Makarios's death. Clippings: August, 1977.
22. After Conflict: plans for partition/Federation. Clippings: April-September,
1974.
23. Soviet Interventions. Clippings: 1974.
24. Attacks on British and US embassies after Turkish evacuation from
British bases. Clippings: 1975.
25. EOKA guerillas against Turkish occupants, and Turkish counter-measures.
Clippings: 1974 and undated.
26. Murder of US Ambassador; assassination attempt on Dr. Lysserides.
Clippings: 1974. Assassination of Ambassador Roger Davies and the attempted
assassination of Dr. Vassos Lyssarides/Lysserides.
27. United Nations and Red Cross; actions during 1974 conflict: Refugees,
Prisoners, Exchanges. Clippings: 1974, and undated.
Section 6: Gibraltar
1. General. Booklet: 1947, Clipping: 1974. British Survey Popular
Series #44, 25 pp, entitled 'Gibraltar and Malta', book review of Hills,
G. 'Rock of Contention: a History of Gibraltar'.
2. Recent Events: Spanish Secret Service. Clippings: 1969-1974. Spanish
blockade of Gibraltar; Gibraltar's politics.
3. Gibraltar and Spain. Clippings: 1974-1977. Relations with Spain,
and Spanish proposals for the reversion of Gibraltar to Spanish sovereignty;
Gibraltar's 1976 vote, and rejection of talks with Spain.
Section 7: Guyana
1. General. Clippings: 1961-1976. Historical and geographic information;
Guyanese politics.
Section 8: Hong Kong
1. General. Clippings: 1946-1975. General reports about Hong Kong; review
of Pope-Hennessy, J. 'Half-Crown Colony: A Hong Kong Notebook'.
2. Refugees. Clippings: 1961-1975. Refugees from China and Vietnam.
3. Crime and Espionage. Clippings: 1973-1975. Spying; Triad gangs; police
corruption, including Peter Godber.
Section 9: India
1. Independence. Booklet; 1947. British Survey VIII (3), 1947
entitled "India: The Crisis of Independance [sic.]".
2. History. Clippings: 1970-1976. Reviews of several books about India,
its history, political leaders, and relations with its neighbours.
3. India and Sikkim. Clippings: 1974-1975. India's annexation of the
Kingdom of Sikkim.
4. Nuclear programme. Clippings: 1974-1976. India's explosion of a nuclear
device, and the world's reaction to the explosion.
5. Repression and Prisons. Clippings: 1974-1977. Imprisonment of strikers
as protesters; prison conditions; secret police.
6. Mary Tyler case. Clippings: 1970-1977. Mary Tyler was imprisoned
without trial for five years; her release and return to Britain; her
report of her time in prison.
7. Internal Politics. Clippings: 1973-1977. Indian politics and power
struggles in different areas of the country.
8. International Relations. Clippings: 1975-1976. Relations with China,
the USA and the Soviet Union.
9. Personalia. Clippings: 1961-1975, and undated. Tara Singh's fast;
Indian princes as a group; Field Marshal Sam Manekshaw; the Maharani
of Jaipur, and violation of wealth laws; recognition for Dr. Sarvepalli
Radhakrishnan; the Gaekwar of Baroda.
10. Economy. Clippings: 1972-1974.
11. Indira Gandhi, Corruption and Emergency Powers. Clippings: 1975-1976.
Indira Gandhi's electoral corruption, and imposition of emergency powers;
her critics.
12. Indira Gandhi. Clippings: 1966-1976. Articles about Indira Gandhi;
report of 1974 plot against her.
Section 10: Malta (see also Gibraltar in this box)
1. General. Clippings: 1973-1979. Maltese independence; Socialist government
under Dom Mintoff; elections.
2. Communist relations. Clippings: 1970-1979. Malta and China, the North
Koreans, and the Soviet Union.
Section 11: Malaysia and Singapore
1.Malaysia: General Clippings: 1952-1977, and undated. Malayan politics;
the continuing fight against Communist terrorists.
2. Singapore: General. Clippings: 1962-1977. Singapore and its politics.
Section 12: New Zealand
1. General. Clippings: 1965-1976. History; geography; general political
life.
2. Soviet Spies in New Zealand: Andreev-Shtykov Case. Clippings:1962.
The expulsion of Nicolai Shtykov and Vladislav Andreev.
3. Soviet Spies in New Zealand: Spy Ring discovered. Clipping: 1969.
Section 13: Sri Lanka (Ceylon)
1. Clippings: 1961-1977. Politics.
Section 14: West Indies - Caribbean and Central America.
1. British West Indies: Bahamas, Barbados, Jamaica, Leeward Is. (Antigua,
St. Kitts-Nevis, Monserrat, British Virgin Islands), Trinidad, Tobago,
Windward Is. (Dominica, Grenada, St. Lucia, St. Vincent), also British
Honduras (Belize). Clippings: 1963, 1973-1976. Pamphlet: "50 Facts
about the British West Indies"; independence, new loyalties.
2. Belize: General. Clippings: 1974-1975. Dispute between Belize and
Guatemala; copy of typescript of Cookridge article, "British Honduras
- Land of Lost Civilization Claimed by Guatemala" under the pseudonym
Peter S. Leighton.
3. Bermuda: Killing of Governor, Sir Ronald Sharples and Capt. Hugh
Sayers. Clippings: 1973-1976. The murder of the two men, the investigation,
and the arrest and trial of the accused.
4. Jamaica: General. Clippings: 1975-1977. Jamaican politics, and December
1976 election.
Box 79
Radio Free Europe Research (mimeographs)
F.1.East Europe:
Research materials:
Hungary/12: 27 April 1970. 'The Ultra-Left and Hungarian Youth".
Hungary/13: 8 May 1970. "The Tourist Trade in Hungary."
Hungary/30: 9 December 1970. "The New Hungarian Central Party Committee"
Hungary/9: 31 March 1971. "Hungary's Electoral Reform in Practice:
The Nomination Proceedings." 22 pages.
Hungary/11: 17 May 1971. "Hungarian National Assembly Holds Constituent
Session: Few Leadership Changes Made." 10 pages.
Hungary/12: 24 May 1971. "The Hungarian Elections and the New National
Assembly". 33 pages.
Hungary/20: 8 June,1971. Situation Report. 19 pages.
Hungary/13: 11 June 1971. "What is a Socialist Society?" 44
pages.
Hungary/16: 27 July 1970. "The Pattern of Reform in Hungary. Part
One: On the Road to Reform". 82 pages.
Hungary/17: 27 July 1970. "The Pattern of Reform in Hungary. Part
Two: The Reform in Operation". 156 pages.
F.2. Issues of Alte Kamaraden (1969), on Dieppe Raids. Issues:
1967-1969. In German. Material on the 19 August, 1942 Canadian Dieppe
raid from the German perspective; List of issues containing articles
about the raid;
February1967, p. 16
April 1967, p. 24
July/August 1967, p. 39
October, 1967, p. 25
June, 1968, p. 22
September 1968, p. 25
January, 1969, p. 19
December, 1969, p. 26
Also photocopies of two undated articles, almost certainly from Alte
Kamaraden, also on the Dieppe raid
F.3-5 .News clippings and magazine tear-sheets on various topics. Languages:
English, French, Spanish.
Box 80
Section 1: The Arab Oil Embargo
1. General; Production and Prices. Clippings: 1973-1977. Threats over
oil supply; demands for price increases; lack of Arab unity on the matter;
production; setup of boycott; economic backlash.
2. OPEC Clippings: 1971-1977, and undated. Price rises; development
of policies; internal controversies; legal recourses; vacillations over
prices; calling OPEC's bluff.
3. Miscellaneous. Clippings: 1956-1976. Early piece on Arab 'nationalism';
oil blackmail; potential swindle of sheikhs; satellite observation of
oil fields; threat to USA to cut oil unless the US reduces its support
for Israel (1973); internal political dissension in USA; book reviews;
Soviet fleet in Indian Ocean seen as threat to USA's oil; Proposed private
army from U.S. for defending Arab oil fields; payoffs by oil companies.
4. Economics. Clippings: 1973-1975. Currency concerns.
5. Sheikh Yamani. Clippings: 1973-1975. Profiles; personality; implementer
of policies; perceptions of.
6. King Faisal. Clippings: 1973-1975. Perception as leader of embargo;
how he uses the profits. See also: Box 66, Section 2, Envelope 28; Box
74, Section 4, Envelopes 5-9.
7. EEC. Clippings: 1971-1974. Squeeze on Europe by oil producers; Holland,
cut off and unhappy with pro-Arab EEC stance; pressure over Israel;
spin-offs; EEC sees itself between Middle Eastern Arabs and the USA.
8. Oil War Possibilities. Clippings: 1972-1975.
9. Editorial pieces. Clippings: 1973-1976. Opinion pieces on policies,
geography, food supply; how imported oil is used in Britain; warnings
to reduce demand for oil; price rises; role of French politics.
10. American politics. Clippings: 1973-1976. Presidential pronouncements;
threats; diplomatic pressure; is it a bluff?; development of North Sea
oil; reluctant end to embargo.
11. Effects of the embargo on the USA. Clippings: 1967-1974. US dependent
on Middle East oil; cut off; US has some other sources for oil; fuel
cuts; threats of power cuts; negotiations.
12. Strategies, USA. Clippings: 1973-1976. Verbal opposition; allowing
blackouts; stockpiling in caves proposed.
13. Threat of military intervention by USA. Clippings: 1973-1975. Libya;
saber-rattling; possible seizure of oilfields by USA; US troops in training;
ship manoeuvres; denials of such activities; route map of a takeover;
demands for reprisals on Arabs.
14. Kissinger diplomacy (USA). Clippings: 1973-1975.
15. Business strategies, USA. Clippings: 1973-1976. Oil companies banding
together; nationalization of US oil firms in Libya, and the response;
Alaska pipeline; GM investment in Arabia; Paul Getty obit.
16. Takeover of Aramco. Clippings: 1974-1976.
17. NATO and the UN. Clippings: 1973-1978. Threats by West against Middle
East; Kissinger's remarks.
18. Africa. Clippings: 1973-1975. Angolan off-shore oil find; rationing
in South Africa and Rhodesia; Dahomey; Egypt's complaints of not benefiting
from the Arab oil profits; Algeria's hopes.
19. Britain. Clippings: 1960-1975. North Sea oil potential; use bikes,
not cars; rationing; ?arms for oil; ? oil for technology; economic aid
to oil-producing countries continues despite embargo; importance of
Arab money in London; "charitable" funding by OPEC countries.
20. Eastern Europe. Clippings: 1963-1977. Early map of oil exports and
revenues; sanctions proposed against oil sheikhs; rationing in Eastern
Europe; effects of the embargo; Romania's dwindling oil.
21. France (Martinique/Paris). Clippings: 1974-1975. Deals with Arabs
for oil; arms for oil; refusal to vote with Common Market countries;
no agreement with USA in Martinique; money and power; no resolution
to 1975 talks.
22. Israel. Clippings: 1970-1976. Arab attempts to annihilate Israel
through the embargo to the USA; diplomacy.
23. Persia (Iran). Clippings: 1957-1976. Shah's activity in oil crisis;
perceived consequences of 'weapons for oil' policy; economic stability;
Shah's various warnings to the West.
24. Iraq. Clippings: 1967-1973. Proposals of pan-Arab nationalization
of oil; its own increase of oil supplies to the West during embargo.
25. Kuwait. Clippings: 1973-1977. Planned takeover of British-American
Oil company; disposition of explosives around oil wells; Ali Attiga;
criticism by Castro of oil sheikhs.
26. Libya. Clippings: 1961, 1973-1975. Early drilling; Libya's seizure
of foreign oil interests; paltry compensation; recommended boycott of
Libyan oil; suggested economic embargo; French involvement not supporting
the EEC; price rises; Libyans' lack of cash (1975).
27. Central and South America. Clippings: [1961], 1973-1977. Venezuelan
oil price increase; Spanish account of Venezuelan oil development; Mexican
oil reserves; early account of small oil discovery in Spain.
28. Russia. Clippings: 1963-1976, and undated. 'New Middle East'
report (undated) on Soviet view of the oil crisis; arms-for-oil offer
from Arab states; success of Russian strategy; Russia as oil producer.
29. China, Australia, Indonesia. Clippings: 1963-1975. Few clippings:
Australian oil discovery; seabed oil off Taiwan; oil smuggling during
embargo; underground refineries in China; effects of embargo in India.
Section 2: Assassinations and Mafia
Assassinations:
1. Sarajevo (1914). Clippings: 1963, 1964. Political murder: motives,
consequences; investigations 50 years later in Yugoslavia.
2. Austria: Dollfuss (1934). Clippings: 1958, and undated. Nazi murder
of Austrian Chancellor Englebert Dollfuss.
3. King Alexander of Yugoslavia (1936); assassination of Barthou in
Marseille. Clippings, undated, but probably 1936. Commentary on 'Balkan
terrorist societies' in London, and their activities.
4. In the Balkans (Serbia, etc). Clipping: 1946. Historical perspective
on King Alexander's assassination ten year previously, and its consequences.
5. Gandhi (1948). Clippings: 1948, 1963. Late final newspaper clipping
the day he was shot; later perspectives on the assassination and religion.
6. Attempt on Dr. Nkrumah. Clippings: 1962. He was injured; a bomb explosion
threw shrapnel at him.
7. Far East: Siam (Thailand), Ceylon (Sri Lanka), Cambodia. Clippings:
1946-1959. Cambodia: Prince Vakrivan; Ceylon: Mr. Bandaranaike; Thailand:
King Ananda Mahidol, and the mysterious circumstances.
8. American Presidents. Clippings: 1952, 1961, and undated book proposal.
Foiled plot to kill Adali Stevenson; Reader's Digest account of Grace
Bedell's letter to Lincoln about growing a beard; Cookridge's book proposal
(See also Box 25, File 9 for original carbon copy) on assassinations
of four American Presidents.
9. French Presidents. Clipping: undated. Pictures taken from a book
illustration, showing Caserio attacking Pres. Carnot; portraits of both.
10. Central and South America. Clippings: 1961, and undated. Murder
of dictator of Dominican Republic on June 1; murder of his supposed
assassins June 3.
11. Organized crime: the Mafiosi. Clippings: 1972, 1976. Some figures
of American organized crime described in an Observer series;
admission of payment of protection money in 24 countries by Lockheed
Corporation.
12. Empress Elizabeth of Austria. Clipping: undated.
13. British Statesmen and Officials. Clippings: 1945-1961, and undated.
Sir Henry Wilson's murder in 1922; the Stern gang; Macmillan in Ndola.
14. General. Clippings: 1934-1963, and undated. Discussions about assassination
as a mechanism of political protest; Feme; Lord Moyne, and Pres.
Doumer; deaths of Roman tyrants; some close calls; John Wilkes Booth.
Section 3: Urban Guerillas: History, Ideology
1. History, Political Kidnapping. Clipping: 1972.
2.: Ideology: Motivation: 'The Mind of the Terrorist'. Clippings: 1971-1976.
Variety of perspectives, from killer to patriot.
3. Reaction. Clippings: 1978. The reaction to terrorism.
Section 4: Urban Guerillas - Measures Against
1. Theory, Books: Clutterbuck, Crozier, Thompson, Moss, Kitson, Hyams,
etc. Clippings: 1970-1976. Book reviews, opinion pieces.
2. Anti-terrorist training in the USA. Clippings: 1974. Training in
counter-insurgency by the US in the Panama Canal Zone.
3. Risks and protection of Diplomats; insurance of passengers. Clippings:
1972-1975.
4. Police, Armed forces, Legal, Special Tactics, Conferences. Clippings:
1970-1979. Includes international efforts. See also measures against
hi-jacking: this Section, Envelope 5.
5. Germany: Anti-terrorist measures. Witch hunt following Schleyer murder
and Lufthansa hijack cases.
Section 5: Terrorists in the USA
American Terrorists:
1. Kidnap of the Editor of the 'Atlanta Constitution'; 'rescue' by FBI:
Motive: extortion, but criminals posed as 'American Revolutionary Army'.
Clippings: 1974. Kidnapper claimed Arabs were backing him as an anti-Jewish
action, but nothing was proven.
2. Jewish Terrorists in the USA: Bomb attempts at the United Nations
during PLO appearance. Clippings: 1976. Several bombs at UN site; protest
over the appearance of the PLO in the UN.
3. General. Clippings: 1971-1978, and undated. Terrorists, possible
weapons, activities.
4. Hostage takings by Hanafi Moslems. Clippings: 1977. The hostage incident,
and the trial and sentencing of the leader.
5. Symbionese Liberation Army, and the kidnapping of Patty Hearst. Clippings:
1977. Search for Patty Hearst after her kidnapping; trial and sentencing
of two of the kidnappers.
6. Symbionese Liberation Army Organization, Shoot-out with the FBI,
17 May, 1974. Clippings: 1974-1976. Three-part Observer series
on the rise and fall of the group; reports on a successor group.
7. US Symbionese Liberation Army: Patty Hearst Arrest and Trial. Clippings:
1974-1978.
8. Patty Hearst. Clippings: 1975-1979. Patty Hearst's family; her release
from prison; life after release.
Section 6: Canada
Canadian Terrorists:
1. Quebec FLQ kidnapping: the murder of Pierre Laporte. Clippings: 1970-1971.
The October Crisis of 1970; the War Measures Act; kidnapping and murder
of Pierre Laporte by the FLQ; the killers' arrest and trial.
2. Kidnapping of James Cross. Clippings: 1970-1976. Cross's kidnapping
and release; his captors in Cuba; British award.
3. Miscellaneous events. Clippings: 1976-1977.
Section 7: The Baader-Meinhof Gang
1. General. Clippings: 1969-1978. Their activities.
2. Revolutionary Students, etc. Mahler, Baader -Meinhof Case. Clippings:
1968-1974. see also Rudi Dutschke in British Security (Box 41B, Files
19, 22) and CIA
3. Kidnapping of Lorenz, leader of Berlin Christian Democratic Party,
27 Feb., 1975, and released March 5, 1975. Five guerillas released and
flown to Aden. Rolf Pohle reported back in Europe in 1976; had been
sentenced to 6.5 years in 1974. Clippings: 1975-1978.
4. Killing of Siegried Buback, Chief Prosecutor, April 1977. Murder
of Buback; the search for and arrest of his accused killers.
5. Killing of Juergen Ponto, Industrialist, July 1977. Clippings: 1977.
Links between the killings of Buback and Ponto.
6. Schleyer kidnapping, Sept. 1977. Clippings: 1977-1978. Kidnap and
murder of Dr. Hanns-Martin Schleyer.
7. Astrid Proll: Arrest in London, 1978; extradition trial Sept./Oct.
Clippings: 1978. Proll was a cofounding member of the Baader-Meinhof
gang.
8. Trial of Baader, Meinhof, Ensslin, and Raspe. Clippings: 1974-1977.
Ultra-secure courtroom; two defense lawyers removed because of bias;
delays in court proceedings; apparent suicide death of Meinhof; change
in the presiding judge; life sentences for the three survivors.
9. Klaus Croissant. Clippings: 1977-1979. Defense lawyer Croissant was
arrested and tried for passing messages from the gang leaders to other
gang members while the leaders were in jail. See also this Section,
Envelope 8.
10. Willy Peter Stoll. Clippings: 1978. Stoll's death; he was believed
to be one of the killers of Hanns-Martin Schleyer.
11. Deaths of Baader, Ennslin, Raspe, and Meinhof. Clippings: 1974-1978.
Meinhof's suicide seen by political left as murder; Baader, Ennslin
and Raspe all committed suicide in prison in 1977.
12. German Embassy in Stockholm Raid. Clippings: 1975. Attempt to prevent
the trial of the leaders, the raid was relatively unsuccessful as most
survived and all terrorists were captured.
13. Terrorism in Germany: Miscellaneous. Clippings: 1972-1978. Terrorism
acts; measures against terrorism.
Section 8: Guerillas: Carlos and International Connections
1. Carlos: (Ilyich Ramirez Sanchez) Biography; background
Sunday Telegraph story, and his alleged crimes. Clippings: 1975-1978,
and undated.
2. Killings in Paris: Michael Mukharbal. Clippings: 1975. Killing of
Mukherbal during French Counter-Intelligence's attempt to interrogate
Carlos.
3. Network in France; training in East Germany and the Middle East.
Clippings: 1970-1978. See also previous envelope.
4. Accomplices: Antonio Degas Bouvier; Cuban diplomats expelled in July,
1975. Clippings: 1975.
5. Ramirez in London, 1975-6; visit after Paris killings (Miss Delia
Fuentes); also police investigations. Clippings: 1975-1978. Includes
the report of a 'death roll', or, candidates for kidnapping.
6. "Doppleganger" in London, 1974; Moroccan El Hakoui (and
Miss Thompson); 'the Argentine Carlos'. Clippings:1974, and undated.
Plot to smuggle guns into Britain.
7. Jackal Case: Girlfriends, arrests in London. Maria N. Toban de Romero;
Angela Otaola. Connection with Paris killings: Angela Armstrong. Clippings:
1975. Arrests, trial and sentencing.
8. OPEC Kidnapping (1975). Clippings: 1975-1976. OPEC oil ministers
kidnapped by anti-PLO group; freed after a 'propaganda flight' around
the Middle East.
9. OPEC Gang released: flown from Vienna on round trip;
final landing Algeria. Staying in Libya? Clippings: 1975.
10. New Plans, 1976, ascribed to 'Carlos': Gadaffi provides finance,
wants other raids on OPEC; danger of Olympic Games actions. Clippings:
1976-1977. Libyan support; threats to the Montreal Olympics and the
Middle East.
11. Reports of Plans for New Actions (1976); Visit in Belgrade with
'Meinhof' Klein; Plan to go to Paris. Clippings: 1976. Speculation in
two newspaper clippings.
12.Magazine tear-sheets and photocopies of images of Carlos, undated..
13. International Connections. Entebbe Raid. Assumed Leader: Wilfred
Boese (27) of Baader-Meinhof, friend of Carlos in Paris (1975), known
as 'Claude Axel' at Orly Raid, January 1975; (MOSAD) others identified:
El Arja Ja'l Naji (38), alias El Arga Gail, chief of PFLP South American
section - shot; Jaber Jadi Faiz Abderamin (46) (one of PFLP founders),
one of chiefs of PFLP guerilla units - shot; Abd al Latif Abd Al Razzag
(43), alias Abu Dardai, a Persian, chief of European operational section
of PFLP - shot; they might have been members of Amin's bodyguard. Three
others, youngsters, not identified, also killed; a Turkish woman, alias
'Kalimir', believed girlfriend of Boese. Believed NOT killed: Antonio
Degas Bouvier, Carlos's friend, who was in Entebbe, but not on the plane.
Clippings: 1976. Carlos's involvement in the hijacking of the Air France
flight that landed in Entebbe.
14. International Connections: 'Solidarité' organization in Paris, 1976.
Headed by Egyptian ex-judge Henri Curiel; involved with Algerian revolution,
and believed to work for KGB; his connection with 'Carlos'. Clipping:
1976.
Box 81
Section 1: Guerillas - International
1. International Connections: Arab Diplomats carry Arms and Explosives;
also sent in diplomatic bags. Clippings: 1973-1976. Libya heavily involved.
2. International Connections: Libyan and Soviet Aid to Terrorists, also
Syrian and Algerian. Training done by Soviet Instructors; arms supplied
via DDR. Empty envelope. See Granting of Asylum, Palestinian Terrorists.
3. Granting of Asylum in Libya, Algeria, etc. Gaddafi's help. Yemen
accepted Baader-Meinhof Gang members. Note also that Arab (and most
other) countries refused to sign Skyjack Treaty. Clipping: 1972. See
also 'Carlos' (Box 80, Section 8, Envelopes 1-14)
4. Clippings: 1976-1977. Attack planned on OPEC Conference in Stockholm;
bombing in Madeira.
Section 2: Guerillas - South America - Kidnapping
Guerillas - South America:
1. General. Various countries, and right-wing terror; international
social democratic stance against South American dictatorships. Clippings:
1969-1976, and undated.
2. Argentina. Montoneros (Left-wing Peronists): Organization, Leaders,
Operations. Clippings: 1971-1976. Includes a March 15, 1976 handwritten
note by Cookridge about Roberto Quieto.
3. Guerillas - South America: Argentina. E.R.P. People's Revolutionary
Army; originally a Trotskyite organization. Now, because of ransoms
for kidnapping, the richest. Clippings: 1971-1975. Includes the murder
of US Government official Fred Laun.
4. Argentina. Kidnap and Killing of Argentinian Generals, etc. June
1, 1971, kidnap of Gen. Aramburu by Monteneros and E.R.P.. He was a
former Vice-President. Also, kidnap of Heads of Intelligence, Police,
an admiral in charge of anti-subversion, Peronist officials and TU leaders.
Clippings: 1970-1975.
5. Argentina. Kidnap of British Consul in Rosario, Hon. Consul Stanley
Sylvester, by E.R.P. Kidnapped 22 May, 1971, released 29 May, 1971 after
(his) Swift Meat Packing company distributed food and blankets worth
£25,000. Clippings: 1971.
6. Argentina. Kidnap of British director Ronald Grove, of Vestey Meat
Group. Kidnapped 9 December, 1972, and released after ransom of $1 million.
7. Argentina. Kidnap of British Industrialist Francis Victor Brimicombe,
President of Nobleza Tobacco Company, a subsidiary of the British-American
Tobacco Company. The 34th victim inm1973; kidnapped 8 April, 1973, released
16 April, 1973 for a ransom of about $1 million. Clippings: 1973.
8. Argentina. Kidnap of British financier Charles Lockwood, twice, by
E.R.P. First: 6 June, 1973-30 July, 1973. Ransom: £800,000. Second:
31 July, 1975 - 30 August, 1975 when police raided house at Pilar: 4
guerillas shot dead. Clippings: 1973-1975.
9. Argentina. Various kidnappings by E.R.P. 33rd victim, April 1973:
Sr. Anthony da Cruz (director of Kodak; ransom $1.5 million); June 1973,
Sr. Miguel Sullivan (partner of a meat-packing plant min Cordoba); June,
1973, Sr. Emilio Lorenzo (bottling plant, Coca Cola?) in Corrientes;
August, 1974, James Stansfield, Gen. Mgr. Quilmes Brewery, nr. Buenos
Aires, and Morris Kember, President of Coca-Cola, Cordoba; October,
1975, Franz Metz, Mgr. Mercedes-Benz. Clippings: 1973-1975, and undated.
10 Argentina. Kidnap of Jorge and Juan Born. Heads of largest business
combine, Bunge and Born, by E.R.P.; largest-ever ransom: £26 million.
Clippings: 1974-1975. They were kidnapped 19 September, 1974, and released
June, 1975.
11. Argentina. Oberdan Sallustro. Clippings: March-April, 1972. The
kidnapping and murder of Oberdan Sallustro of Fiat, by Trotskyite group.
12. Argentina. Anti-Guerilla activities. Clippings: 1976-1978.
13. Argentina. Kidnappings and Murders. Clippings: 1970-1976. Actions
of a broad spectrum of political and criminal groups.
14. Argentina. Guerilla Violence and Official Retaliation. Clippings:
1974-1976. Bombings, murders, violence by both guerillas and the government.
15. Bolivia. Che Guevara (and betrayal). Clippings: 1968-1977, and undated.
Includes Parts 1, 2, and 4 of Sunday Telegraph series, "The
Che Guevara Diaries."
16. Bolivia. Clippings: 1975-1976. Activities of Che Guevara's followers
after his death.
17. Bolivia. Regis Debray. Clippings: 1970, 1976. Debray sentenced for
'intellectual involvement' in Guevara's activities.
18. Brazil. A.L.N. (Accion Libertadora Nacional), V.P.R. (Vangguarda
Popular Revolucionaria). Report, June 1970, Clippings: 1976. June 1970
Radio Free Europe report on Brazil's Urban Guerillas.
19. Brazil. Kidnap of U.S. Ambassador Elbrick. After 4 days, exchanged
for 15 guerillas flown to Cuba. Clippings: 1969.
20. Brazil. Kidnap of German Ambassador Ehrenfried von Holleben. Released
for 40 political prisoners. Clippings: 1970.
21. Brazil. Hi-jacking of Swiss Ambassador, Giovanni Bucher, in Rio,
Dec. 1970. Bucher released 16 Jan. 1971 in exchange for 70 political
prisoners flows to (Allende's) Chile. Clippings: Dec, 1970-Jan, 1971.
22. Chile. Clippings: 1976-1977. Repression by the military government;
Kissinger's condemnation of its violation of human rights standards;
hi-jacking of airliner.
23. Colombia. E. L. N. (National Liberation Army), F.A.R.C. (Army of
Revolutionary Forces of Colombia. Clippings: 1973-1978.
24. Dominican Republic. Clippings: 1971-1975. Terrorist activities in
the Dominican Republic, including the hostage-taking of American diplomat
Barbara Hutchison by a group led by Radames Nendez Vargas; murder of
Miriam Pinedo de Morales in Belgium.
25: Ecuador. Clippings: 1970-1971.Terrorist kidnappings of General Cesar
Rohan Sandoval, and Juan Isaias Barquet.
26. Guatemala. Hi-jacking US diplomats, Ambassador Spreti. Clippings:
1968-1976. Kidnappings of US diplomat Sean Holly; kidnapping and murder
of the German Ambassador Count Karl von Spreti; attack on the British
Consul John Weymes.
27. Mexico. Clippings: 1971-1976, and undated. Mexican political kidnappings
and murders; deaths of two of the gang leaders.
28. Nicaragua. Clippings: 1974. Hostage-taking, with 14 hostages; terrorists
flew to Cuba.
29. Paraguay. Clippings: 1973-1976. Kidnapping of Ian Martin; his rescue,
and sentencing of five of the seven kidnappers; book reviews of historical
matters, and the perceived 'loss of paradise'.
30. Uruguay. Organization and Leaders, including arrests and torture
by Uruguayan police. Clippings: 1971-1974. Tupamoros and their leaders
Raoul Sendic, Maria Elena Topolanski, José Pedro Zabalza, Paul Bidegain
Gressing, Julio Marenales Saenz.
31. Uruguay. Kidnap of Ambassador Jackson. Clippings: 1971-1972, and
undated. Kidnapping by the Tupamaros, negotiations, and release of Geoffrey
Jackson, British Ambassador to Uruguay.
32. Uruguay. Tupumaros' release of Ambassador Jackson, after 8 months
and 1 day; his memoirs. Clippings: 1971-1974. Memoirs released as a
3-part Observer series; review of his book "People's Prison"
(McMaster Library Listing: HV9628.J13
33. Uruguay. Kidnap of Brazilian Consul Dias Gomide, held for 206 days
until February 21, 1971. Ransom $250,000 ($1 million demanded). At this
time, Ambassador Jackson was still being held. Clippings: 1971.
34. Uruguay. Torture and Political Killings. Clippings: 1975-1976. Murder
of Ramon Trabal.
35. Venezuela. Clipping: 1976.The police killing of Jorge Rodriguez,
a Socialist leader.
36. Venezuela. Rudas Mezones (Armed National Liberation Forces). Faked
kidnap by woman-consul, 1971. Clippings: 1971.
37. Uruguay. Politics. Clippings: 1972, 1976. Political appointments.
Section 3: Guerillas in Europe
1. Austria. Clippings: 1976, 1978. Actions involving West German terrorists;
1976 attempt to free Waltraud Bock, suspected of links to Baader-Meinhof
gang.
2. Britain. Possible use of atom bombs; attacks on oil rigs, nuclear
plants, oil tankers, other ships. See also British Security (e.g. Boxes
41A&B: Files 4 (item 3), 21, 22, 23). Clippings: 1972-1978. Includes
deportation of two Iranian students.
3. France. Clippings: 1971-1978. Left-wing kidnappings; student unrest;
right-wing attacks; Breton and Corsican attacks on the central government;
international crime; kidnap and rescue of Baron Edouard Jean Empain.
4. France. 'GARI' (revolutionary action group); attempts to kidnap Giscard
d'Estaing. Two bombers found dead. Clippings: 1976.
5. Germany. Clippings: 1968-1978, and undated. German terror attacks
and the government's fight against them.
6. Germany. Stockholm raid. Clippings: 1976-1977. Trial and sentencing
of Stockholm bombers; kidnap of the nephew of one of the Stockholm embassy
attackers.
7. Germany. Miscellaneous. Clippings: 1970-1978. Student and other protests;
criminal kidnappings; police action; Daniel Cohn-Bendit.
8. Greece. Clippings: 1976. Extradition of Rolfe Pohle to West Germany.
9. Holland. Clippings: 1971-1978. West German terrorists in Holland;
deportation of three terrorists to West Germany; South Moluccan terrorist
hostage-taking.
10. Italy. Clippings: 1969-1978. Criminal and terrorist activities;
kidnapping; skyjacking (see also Box 70, Section 3, Envelope 1); bombings;
shootings; arson.
11. Italy. Aldo Moro. Clippings: 1978. Kidnapping and murder of Aldo
Moro by the Red Brigade.
12. Italy. Red Brigades. Clippings: 1970-1978. Red Brigades' criminal
activities; the trial in Turin.
13. Italy. Italian Secret Service Chiefs involved in Neo-Fascist plots.
Clippings: 1974.
14. Italy. Neo-fascist and terror acts. Clippings: 1972-1976. Neo-fascist
coup attempt.
15. Spain. Clippings: 1972-1977. Terrorist threats to Arab ambassadors
in Spain; independence movement in the Canary Islands.
16. Sweden. Clippings: 1977. Attempted kidnapping of Anna-Greta Leijohn;
gang led by West German Norbert Kroecher; Briton Alan Hunter was accused
and deported; links to Baader-Meinhof.
17. Switzerland. Clippings: 1972-1978. Links between Swiss anarchists
and Baader-Meinhof; West Germans with links to 'Carlos' on trial.
18. Turkey. Clippings: 1971-1977. Turkish terrorists and hijackers;
Turkish National Liberation Front, a left-wing group.
19. Turkey. Killing of British Radar Technicians, 1972. Clippings: 1972.
Kidnapping, and murder of three of the group by the Turkish People's
Liberation Army.
20. Yugoslavia. Clippings: 1978. Yugoslav-West German mutual extradition
requests; Yugoslavia wanted Stepan Bilandzic; Germany wanted four accused
of being part of the Baader-Meinhof gang; Croat attack on the West German
consulate in Chicago; murder of Bruno Busič in Paris.
Section 4: Basque Separatist Organization - E.T.A.
1. Euskada ta Askatusana: Basque Nation's Freedom: General, and Organization.
Clippings: 1970-1979. See also Spain (this box, Section 3, Envelope
15).
2. Kidnappings and bomb outrages. Clippings: 1970-1974, and undated.
3. E.T.A. Kidnap of West German Consul, Eugen Beihl. Clippings: December,
1970.
Section 5: Guerillas: Pacific Region
1. Japan. Miscellaneous. Clippings: 1972, 1976. Threats to the Israeli
Embassy in Tokyo; bomb attack in Sapporo.
2. Japan. Japanese Red Army. Clippings: 1970-1975. Radio Free Europe
research papers (15 May, 18 June, 1970); Lydda airport massacre by the
Japanese Red Army; other attacks in Singapore, Paris, The Hague, Kuala
Lumpur. See also Box 70, Section 1, Envelopes 11, 17, 18.
3. Japan. Hijack of Japanese DC-8 to Dacca; release of most of the Japanese
Red Army; the plane flown then to Algeria via Kuwait. Clippings: 1977.
4. North Korea. Clippings: 1976. Support to the subversive actions of
the North Korean diplomatic service, and their smuggling activities
(see also: Box 52, Section 6, Envelope 3).
5. Other countries. Clippings: 1973-1978. Guerilla activities in Burma,
Iran, the Philippines, and Australia.
Section 6: Skyjacking
1. To Algeria. Clippings: 1972. Mostly from USA, helicopter pilot and
his girlfriend; another hijack from Detroit saw the ransom money returned
by Algerian government to Delta Airlines.
2. Australia. Qantas Hoax. Clippings: 1971. Hoax by 'Mr. Brown' threat
of bomb aboard jet; connection with Britain; offers of reward for the
capture.
3. Britain. Clippings: 1970-1977. First hijack 1961; miscellaneous hijackings
of British airliners, and by Britons; includes bomb hoaxes, hijacking
of BAC 1-11 airliner from Heathrow to Eastern Europe; pilot landed at
Stansted, and hijackers arrested; bomb attack.
4. Canada. Clippings: 1971-1972.Two events: Air Canada DC-8 on an internal
flight; hijacking of Air Canada DC-8 in Frankfurt with stewardess taken
hostage.
5. Central and South America. Clippings: 1969-1975. Variety of events:
hijacking of Ecuadorean Air Force plane; others involving Dominican
Republic, Brazil, Honduras, Argentina, Chile, Costa Rica, Venezuela,
Colombia, Bolivia.
6. American aircraft to Cuba. Clippings: 1969-1976. Initial support
by Cuba of hijacking; 1972 deal to curb the activity; Cuban repudiation
of the agreement in 1976.
7. Czechs. Clippings:1971-1978. Czech nationals involved in hijackings
to Austria, West Germany, and various attempts.
8. France. Clippings: 1971-1976. Hijackings in France; also, by a Frenchman.
9. West Germany. Clippings: 1972-1978. Hijacking to West Germany from
behind the Iron Curtain; hijacking of airliner by Red Army terrorists
linked to the kidnapping and murder of Dr. Hanns-Martin Schleyer (see
also: Box 80, Section 4, Envelopes 5, 6, 10); flight to Mogadishu, where
German anti-terrorist troops rescued the hostages; German activities
to curb hijackings.
10. Greece. Clippings: 1969-1975. Two events: hijacking of a Greek airliner
to Albania; hijacking of a Bulgarian airliner to Greece.
11. Israel. Clippings: 1972-1977. Account of a skyjacker who 'got away
with it'; campaign for an international body to fight skyjacking; demands
by commercial pilots' association for the UN to act to combat aerial
piracy.
12. Italy. Clippings: 1969, 1972. Accounts of skyjacking by persons
who wished to go to Italy for various reasons: Minichiello, Attila Lazzeri,
Maimono.
13. Persia (Iran) and the Middle East. Clippings: 1970-1977. Hijack
from Tehran; threats to BOAC from Iranian nationals; BAC hijacking by
Saeed Madjd; death of 10 'terrorists' at Tehran airport; Baghdah-bound
plane hijacked to Kuwait; death of Lufthansa pilot shot in cold blood
by Yemeni hijackers.
14. Philippines. Clippings: 1971-1976. Flight from Manila hijacked by
six terrorists who wanted to go to Peking (Beijing). Death and damage
prevented by British air traffic controller who achieved release of
most passengers with no damage to plane at a refueling stop in Hong
Kong; another incident with 12 Filipinos as hostages in aircraft in
Bangkok.
15. Philippines.
16. Poland. Clippings: 1970-1977. Attempt at skyjacking within Poland;
successful hijack to Denmark (Bornholm I.); prison term for hijacker,
political asylum for four uninvolved Polish nationals; failed attempt
to hijack a LOT plane to Vienna.
17. Turkey. Clippings: 1970-1976. Odd behaviour on the part of the Turks
to two Lithuanian hijackers; political asylum for Turkish hijackers
in Bulgaria; attempted hijack in France by Turkish worker who was being
expelled.
18. USA. Clippings: 1970-1979. Numerous accounts of attempted, failed,
and successful skyjackings.
19. Vietnam. Clippings: 1972-1976. Unsuccessful attempts resulting in
the deaths of all hijackers, and in one case of all passengers and crew
of a plane blown apart by a grenade at 1000 ft.
20. Nationalist Croats against Tito. Skyjack in New York of American
aircraft, flown to Paris via London; leaflet 'raid'; bombs in New York,
and skyjackers charged with murder. Clippings: 1976-1979. Also demands
by Yugoslavia for extradition of Croatian hijackers who killed the Yugoslav
ambassador in Sweden; death of principal hijacker in Paris; capsule
history of extremist Croatian nationalist movement.
21. Nationalist Croats against Tito. Murder of Yugoslav ambassador in
1971; skyjack in Sweden, trial in Spain. Clippings: 1972. 1977.
22. Various countries. Eastern Europe: Rumania, East Germany, Bulgaria;
Asia: India/Pakistan; Africa: Ethiopia, South Africa. Clippings: 1971-1979.
Variety of techniques, for a variety of reasons; consequences far beyond
anything the hijackers could have imagined.
23. Measures against skyjacking: airport security, etc. Clippings: 1970-1977.
Tactics range from armed guards on planes (U.S.), creation of metal-detecting
security gates, and x-ray detectors for baggage to training of sharpshooters
and legislation (Britain). As well, allowing observers a clear view
of airliners on the ground followed rocket attacks on planes on the
ground.
24. International Prevention Measures. Demands for refusal of asylum
by Arab states, by Britain and others' rejection of ransom demands;
Airline Pilots' protest actions. Clippings: 1970-1974. Articles on the
importance of governmental action against hijackers, with inevitable
dissention over the details; pilots demanded the UN take action; the
US introduced the need for transit visas for all passengers landing
on US soil en route to other destinations; Britain passed The
Protection of Aircraft Bill; Arab states had been slow to agree to the
restrictions against harbouring or supporting skyjackers; ICAO wanted
legislation which distinguished between individuals and States hijacking
aircraft, or failing to prosecute hijackers; questions arose around
ransom demands, and how to treat States that will not accept international
conventions, e.g. Libya, Algeria, and Cuba.
25. Soviet Union to Turkey. Clippings: 1970. Lithuanian father and son
hijacked a Soviet airliner to Turkey, killing a stewardess and wounding
two others (see this section, Envelope 17); actions of the Turks; consequences
for the hijackers.
26. Soviet Union. Clippings: 1973-1978. Variety of occasions identified
in which Soviet airliners had been commandeered.
27. By Jews in Soviet Union to Turkey. Clippings: 1970-1974. Two Radio
Free Europe typescripts on the 'Leningrad Case', where Jews were alleged
to have tried to hijack a plane to Turkey but were foiled, and then
jailed in the Soviet Union; questions over whether they were victims
of a Soviet plot; the contention is that more and more Jewish persons
who desired to emigrate to Israel were being charged with treason, and
jailed; by 1974, under public pressure, the Soviet regime was being
forced to allow the Jews to emigrate.
Section 7: Criminal Hijacks
1. Skyjacking: of French Air-Inter Caravelle, 1 October, 1977, at Orly.
Clippings: 1977. Jacques Robert, a political extremist, and mentally
unstable, hijacked 91 passengers and a crew over Lyon. The plane returned
to Orly; eventually threw a hand grenade amongst the hostages when the
police stormed the aircraft.
Section 8: Crime, Police, Penalties
1. Burglary/Robbery. Clippings: 1947-1968, and undated, but late 1920s.
Variety of robbery types: cat burglars, Jewel thieves, safe-crackers,
shoplifters; Alfie Hinds; highwaymen; document thefts; Observer Review
articles on burglars.
2. Euthanasia. Clippings: undated. Attempts to legalize euthanasia.
3. Insurance frauds. Clippings: 1948-1960. Types of insurance fraud,
including arson.
4. Forgery. Clippings: 1946-1962, and undated. Travellers' cheques;
petrol coupons; airline tickets; 'Three-fingered Jack'.
5. Counterfeiting/ Coining. Clippings: 1934-1970, and undated. German
counterfeits of British banknotes; US dollar forgery discovered in Europe;
Swiss franc forgery; early clippings of British counterfeits.
6. Foreign (Europe) Cases. Clippings: 1923-1970, and undated. Variety
of crimes, mostly bizarre murders; trials of murderers; escape from
Communist East Germany; 21 9 62 Quick articles (in German).
7. Poisoning. Clippings: 1962, and undated. Obsession with poisons put
Frederick Young, aged 15, into Broadmoor; 1930s attacks which killed
and left no traces.
8. Financial Swindles, Frauds, 'Bucket-Shops'. Clippings: 1939-1946,
and undated. Interviews with ex-convicts; white-collar crimes and trials.
9. Famous Old Cases. Clippings: 1922-1964. South Sea Bubble wind-up;
Mudie case; Furnace case; Boston Strangler.
10. Pathologists' Activities (Spilsbury, Simpson, Camps, etc.). Clippings:
1935-1963. Mostly about Spilsbury, whose career began with the conviction
of George Joseph Smith.
11. Imposters. Clippings: 1959-1960, and undated. "Count Caligostro";
Anna Kasfi"; The Prince who Died Twice.
12. Pickpockets. Clippings: 1962-1966. Complaints about young people
not wanting to train as pickpockets; stories of successful 'dips'; police
advice.
13. Vice. Clippings: 1947-1967, and undated. Fighting prostitution;
amoral tax collector; profitability of pornography; Messina brothers;
article on Hollywood stars and Las Vegas.
14. Weapons, Vandalism, Protection Money. Clippings: 1965-1968. Heavier
sentences for gun-toting hooligans; vandalism on telephones; suggestions
of Mafia protection payments in crime ring at Heathrow airport.
Section 9: Kidnapping
1. Lindbergh Baby Case. Clippings: 1952-1976. Reader's Digest
article and others casting doubts upon whether the case was solved;
translation of the case to European situations.
2. Peugeot Case. Clippings: 1952, 1971. Snatch and safe return of Eric
Peugeot; profiles of the kidnappers, investigative techniques.
3. Getty Kidnapping: Paul Getty III. Clippings: 1973-1976. Clippings,
Observer article about the kidnapping, ransom demands, mutilation,
and freeing of teenaged Paul Getty III in Italy; the trial of his kidnappers.
4. Various Cases. Clippings: 1970-1974, and undated. Various British
and European cases, including Swedish bank-hostage-taking; consequences
for victims, and their families.
Box 82
Section 1: Crime
Murder:
1. General. Clippings: 1956-1964, and undated. Murders in Britain and
Europe; Undated articles (in German) from Quick series: 'Wenn
Frauen Morden'; advertisement of sale of a large number of mystery
books.
2. Anomalies: Clippings: 1962-1965. Includes report of a man judged
to have committed a murder for which he had been acquitted 19years previously.
3. Murder - Young Girls as Victims. Clippings: 1956-1966. Convictions
of murderers such as Arthur Jones.
4. Adult Females as Victims. Clippings: 1962-1971, and undated. Murders
in Germany and Britain; photocopy of sketch by Robert Wood, who was
accused of the Camden Town Murder. The copyright license was held by
Peter Leighton.
5. Hangings. Clippings: 1956-1958, and undated. Questions of innocence
of persons hanged for crimes; Frederick Seddon's murder of Elizabeth
Mary Borrow, and his execution.
6. Killer: Iain Simpson. Clippings: 1962. Article about his murder of
two men.
7. General. Clippings: 1945-1971, and undated. Theft; crime in London;
criminals and the 'rogue solicitors' who help clear them; protection
racket in London; 1966 income from criminal activity in Britain; British
crime levels in general.
8. Blackmail. Clippings: 1935-1957, and undated. Actual and attempted
blackmail in Britain. See also: Box 55, Sect. 1, Env. 4, 11, 13; Box
56, Sect. 1, Env. 5; Box 57, Sect. 1, Env. 27
9. Confidence Men. Clippings: 1935-1956, and undated. Confidence tricks.
10. Detection, Criminology. Clippings: 1933-1962, and undated. Various
investigative methods used to help police solve crimes.
11. Forgeries, Art. Clippings: 1946-1966, and undated. Art forgeries
and forgers.
12. Forgeries, Literary. Clippings: 1944, and undated. Numerous accounts
of forged documents and stolen first editions.
13. Fraud. Clippings: 1962-1965, and undated. Range of fraud from not
paying for telephone calls to begging letters, and fraud about gold
deals.
14. Fake Degrees. Clipping: 1962. The control of granting of degrees
in Britain.
15. Racing. Doping. Clippings: 1935-1947, and undated. Criminal fraud
in horse racing and dog racing.
16. Unsolved Old Cases. Clippings: 1947-1965, and undated. Unsolved
murders in Britain, Europe, and the USA.
17. Historical. Clippings: 1944, 1964. Historical crimes and criminals.
18. Art Theft. Clipping: 1962. The arrest of two British tourists in
Bavaria for theft of two carved wooden figures from a church.
19. Interpol. Clippings: 1953-1963. Interpol and its activities, from
both sides of the German border; Letter to Spiro (Cookridge) from R.
L. Jackson of CID at Scotland Yard, answering a request of Cookridge's.
20. Prisons. Clippings: 1948-1969, and undated. British prisons; work
for prisoners; prison life; changes resulting from increased numbers
of prisoners; prison staffing; prisoners' lives upon release.
Section 2: Secret Societies
1. General. Clippings: 1965-1968. Includes reviews of Norman MacKenzie's
"Secret Societies"; Cookridge's synopsis for three proposed
articles collectively entitled, "Conspiracies of the Hidden Empires"
under the pseudonym 'A.B. Hutchinson'.
2. Mafia. Clippings: 1957-1968. The Mafia in general; opposition to
it; death of Charles 'Lucky' Luciano in Naples.
3. Tribal, in Africa. Clippings: 1958, and undated (but probably 1934).
West Africa.
4. Polynesian. Clipping: 1960. The 'Cargo Cult'.
5. Japan. Clippings: 1945, and undated. The 'Black Dragon' society in
Japan.
Section 3: Treasures.
Hidden Treasures:
1. General. Clippings: 1945-1963. Lost treasures; the issues around
keeping the gold holdings of conquered nations out of the hands of the
Nazis.
2. In Britain. Clippings: 1928-1967, and undated. Coins, Roman relics;
the Sutton Hoo and Mildenhall treasures; the reopening of the British
Museum after WWII.
3. In Britain. King John's Treasure. Clippings: 1957-1961, and undated
(1930s). Photocopies of 1957-1961 newspaper articles almost unreadable;
envelope includes some original articles and a transcription of the
photocopies.
4. Ancient - Roman, etc. Clippings: 1945-1968, and undated. Searches
for ancient treasures, and accounts of treasures found, e.g. Fishbourne,
and King Solomon's mines; an undated clipping reports the finding of
the skeleton of 'Peking Man'.
5. Cocos Treasure Island. Clippings: undated. Most concern searches
for treasure on Cocos Island; others relate to Oak Island in Nova Scotia,
and searches in Georgia.
6. Sunk at Sea (Davy Jones's Locker). Clippings: 1934-1976. Sunken treasures;
recovery attempts; sale of recovered treasure; treasures of the Armada,
the Lusitania, the Andrea Doria, and other ships; review
of Bengt Ohrelius "Vasa, the King's Ship"; proposed Cookridge
article: "Salvage Battle Goes on All the Time"; Lutine
sunken gold (1799) off Holland.
7. Natural. Clippings: 1936-1964, and undated. Reports of buried treasure
in Britain ranging from minerals to gold and jewels; valuable elements
in the sea; story of Mrs. Tessie Kumm and her mine near Broken Hill,
Australia.
8. Private. Clippings: 1938-1947, and undated. How people keep their
hidden savings; WWI deserter who hid for 23 years.
Section 4: Justice, Law Courts, Judges, Lawyers
1. International Court of Justice. Clippings: 1945-1960, and undated.
The court and its judges; UN Information Organization Paper #4, September
1945 entitled, "The International Court of Justice"; US Information
Release, January 27, 1960, entitled: "Herter Statement on World
Court Jurisdiction."
2. Law Courts: General, Britain. Clippings: 1937-1970, and undated.
Legal system in Britain: courts, oddities of the system, and its functions;
operation of the Old Bailey; Cookridge proposal for "Lid Off the
Courts" by 'Peter S. Leighton' (see Series 2, Box 19, File 5 for
the completed article); outline of the court system, and the justices
as of 1945.
3. Law: Solicitors (Britain). Clippings: 1961-1965.
4. Lawsuits. Clippings: 1945-1946, and undated. Problems over wills,
identity, medical malpractice, a wild bird, and property.
5. Magistrates. Clippings: 1945-1961, and undated. Magistrates; their
training; magistrates' courts; history of magistrates' courts; their
operation.
6. Judges, Part I.: Biographical Data. Clippings: 1931-1960, and undated.
Various justices: Lord Lohan; Lord Darling; Lord du Parq; Lord Chief
Justice Goddard; Lord Lawrence; Lord Merriman; Lord Porter; Mr. Justice
Atkinson; Mr. Justice Birkett; Mr. Justice Cassels; Mr. Justice Croom-Johnson;
Mr. Justice Henn-Collins; Mr. Justice Humphreys, Mr. Justice Sellars;
Mr. Justice Wrottesley; also, 1931-1934 and undated clippings about
Mr. Justice Horridge, Mr. Justice McCordie, and Mr. Justice Swift.
7. Judges, Part II. Activities. Clippings: 1933-1964. Includes two pages
of handwritten Cookridge notes on the judiciary.
8. Justice: Financial Aspects. Clippings: 1937-1963, and undated. Legal
costs, and salaries.
9. Justice: Libel Cases. Clippings: 1954-1978.
10. Justice: Official Secrets Trial. Clippings: 1978. An official secrets
trial; vetting of jury candidates; comparison with the US attitude at
Watergate.
11. Justice: Sentences. Clippings: 1938-1978, and undated. Oddities
of sentencing. Handwritten Cookridge notes.
12. Justice: Odd British Laws. Clipping: 1956. From a series entitled,
"When the Law is an Ass".
Section 5: Police in Britain
1. Scotland Yard: Personalia. Clippings: 1947-1978, and undated. Senior
officers in the Metropolitan Police force (Scotland Yard); changes in
their responsibilities.
2. General Policing. Clippings: 1953-1978, and undated. Personnel retention;
new crime-fighting techniques; citizen complaints; attacks on police;
outline of proposed article, and notes by Cookridge: "Black Museum
is Moving" under the name 'Peter S. Leighton'. See, e.g., Box 19,
File 5.
3. Scotland Yard - Informers. Clipping: 1946.
4. Scotland Yard - Fingerprints. Clippings: 1933-1955, and undated.
The use of fingerprints in criminal investigations.
5. Scotland Yard: General. Clippings: 1957-1962. Various aspects of
policing in Britain.
Section 6: Aviation
1. History. Clippings: 1946-1967, and undated. Popular 'aerostation';
the growing use of aircraft; development of the aircraft industry.
2. Industry. Clippings: 1944-1962. British aircraft industry; complete
articles 1) British Survey.1944. Vol 5(12):63-66. British Air
Transport, 1914-1944; 2) British Survey (1944). Vol 5(13): 67-70,.
British Air Transport: Future Development, and Supplement 'Prospects
of Employment' p. 71; 3) typescript regarding the (edited to) 1961 consolidation
of the British aero-engine industry; spotters' guide to the 1962 Farnborough
air show.
3. Pilots. Clippings: 1961-1962. Recruitment, training of pilots; operational
fatigue.
4. Safety. Clippings: 1961. Air traffic control; flight safety; consequent
upon three crashes in mid-1961.
Section 7: Britain: Other Topics
1. Private Courts. Clipping: undated. General Medical Council, the Milk
Marketing Board, and the Law Society seen as private courts
2. Strange Places. Clippings: 1936-1947, and undated. Strange places;
strange things to see.
3. "Some Great Scots". Clippings: undated, unsourced. Includes
facts about Scotland, and Scottish life.
4. Memoirs, Diaries. Clippings: 1961-1962, and undated. Modern diarists.
5. Languages, Language Study in Britain, Foreign Teaching. Clippings:
1961-1965. Variety of articles about advantages and necessity of learning
languages other than English.
6. Languages - English. Clippings: 1934-1978, and undated. Usage and
misuse; the meaning of words, and dictionaries of slang; English creeping
into other languages, e.g. 'franglais'; English taught to foreigners;
pidgin English cartoon; the British Lending Library.
8. Predictions. Clippings: 1938-1960, and undated. 'Hunches' and predictions;
two sheets of Cookridge's handwritten notes on predictions; undated
pamphlet: Fowler, L.N.: 'Revelations of the Face: a Study of Physiognomy'
published in both London and New York.
9. Channel Tunnel. Clippings: 1943-1964, and undated. The history of
a planned tunnel beneath the English Channel; two photographic copies
of a 1944 drawing of the proposed tunnel; two pages of handwritten notes
by Cookridge on the history of the proposed tunnel.
10. Rare Books. Clippings: 1937-1965, and undated. Book sales and rare
books, some first editions; replenishing libraries after the devastation
of WW II.
11. Books, Authors, and Publishers. Clippings: 1946-1979, and undated.
Box 83
Foreign Services/Governments. (Boxes 83-86; arrangement is alphabetical)
Section 1: Afghanistan
1. Clippings: 1970-1979. Deposition of the King in 1973; establishment
of republican government; separatist movements in the area; Soviet involvement
in the coup in 1978.
Section 2: Argentina
1. General, History. First Peron Dictatorship. Clippings: 1943-1978,
and undated. Juan Peron, the military influence and control of the government;
British Survey Vol. IV (12), 'History of Argentina'; conditions
in Argentina; profile of Eva Peron.
2. Return of Peron. His death, and succession by his widow. Clippings:
1972-1976. Juan Peron's return to Argentina after 18 years of exile
in Spain; the March 1973 election of Dr. Hector Campora as President
of Argentina, a Peronist; his resignation in July, 1973, in favour of
the return of Peron; Peron's death in July 1974, and succession by his
3rd wife, Maria Estela de Peron, popularly known as 'Isabelita'.
3. President Maria Estella Peron. Clippings: 1973-1976. She was nominated
as Vice-Presidential running mate to Juan Peron in 1973, assuming power
after his death in 1974; her changes to the government; political violence;
deposed by a military coup; the junta's subsequent actions: prosecuting
her for mishandling public funds, and later, for fraud.
4. Left-wing demonstrations, Assassinations, Montoneros. Clippings:
1973-1977. Leftist guerilla attacks. See also Guerillas (Box 81, Section
2, Envelope 3).
5. Murders and Kidnappings of Leftists. Clippings: 1972-1977. Argentinian
government attacks on left-wing guerillas; right-wing death squads;
guerilla reprisals.
6. Arrests of Britons. Clippings: 1975-1976. Detention and release of
Richard and Christina Norcross; the arrests of Alan and Anna-Maria McHugh.
7. Violence inside and outside Argentina. Clippings: 1976-1978. Violence
by right-wing groups and the Argentinian government both within and
outside Argentina.
8. The Falkland Islands (Las Malvinas). Clippings: 1975-1976. Argentinian
disputes with Britain over the Falklands; Argentinian control over passenger
air access.
Section 3:Austrian Intelligence Service
Austria:
1. History. Clippings: 1944-1976, and undated. June 1944 British
Survey Vol V (9), 'Austria'; Central European Observer article
(1945) on Austria.
2. The Habsburgs (Hapsburgs). Clippings: 1945-1976. The family; Dr.
Otto von Habsburg and his political ambitions.
3. Vienna. Clippings: 1946-1976, and undated. The city of Vienna; tourist
booklet (1977) on the city.
4. The Communist Party. Clippings: 1970-1971. Issues of 'Radio Free
Europe Research' on the Austrian Communist Party and its shrinking support
base.
5. Chancellor Dr. Bruno Kreisky. Clippings: 1960-1978. Political life
of Dr. Kreisky as Foreign Minister, and then as Chancellor.
6. Politics. Clippings: 1956-1974. Range of issues from its neutrality
policy to its rejection of nuclear power plants; the death of President
Franz Jonas, April, 1974.
Section 4: Belgium
1. History and Politics. Clippings: 1947-1974. The country; Queen Fabiola;
the two languages; British Survey Vol VIII (2, 17), 1947. 'Benelux
I', and 'Benelux II'; attempts to bug the Prime Minister; policing.
Section 5: Bolivia, Peru, Paraguay, Uruguay
1. Bolivia. Clippings: 1970-1977. Bolivian guerillas; political coups;
plots; Hugo Banzer's regime; Bolivia's search for access to the sea;
slave labour camps in the jungle; the possibility of white immigrants
from South Africa.
2. Peru. Clippings: 1974-1978. Politics; political opposition; power
struggles; ouster of President Juan Velasco Alvarado by Francisco Morales
Bermudez; summary of South American juntas in the light of Peru's June
1978 election.
3. Uruguay. Clipping: 1978. The government and internal dissent. See
also Box 86, Section 10.
Section 5: Brazil
1. General. Clippings: 1964-1978, and undated. The country; the people;
internal policies and politics; relations with its neighbours; nuclear
power; economics; President Ernesto Geisel's regime; British furor over
his 1976 visit to Britain; free-spending civil servants in Brasilia;
Brazilian gunman a US Peace Corps coordinator; the military in political
life; British Survey Vol III (14), 1942, on 'Brazil'.
2. Political Oppression, Tortures, and Murders. Clippings: 1970-1977.
Torture of political prisoner; death squads; anti-government rebels;
political arrests and torture; attacks against priests; US human rights
criticism of Brazil.
Section 6: Burma
1. Clippings: 1946-1979, and undated. General information; its people;
the anti-communist war; tribal opposition to the central military government;
one-party Socialist government of U Ne Win; British Survey Vol
VI (26), 1945, 'Burma: Some Problems of Liberation'.
Section 7: Central America: Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Guatemala,
Haiti, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama, El Salvador.
1. Costa Rica. Clippings: 1974-1977. Politics; political scandal; Robert
Vesco in the country, and his extradition to the USA to face charges
of swindling and illegal political payments.
2. Dominican Republic. Clippings: 1963-1978. Presidents Juan Bosch,
and Antonio Guzman; Balaguer's activities to assure his election.
3. Guatemala. Clippings: 1974-1977. Guatemalan political death squads;
Guatemala's claim to Belize (British Honduras).
4. Haiti. Clippings: 1947-1977. History; Dictator Dr. François Duvalier
('Papa Doc') and his repressive regime; succession by his son, Jean-Claude
Duvalier ('Little Doc'); the succession contested; opposition to the
regime, political prisoners, and death.
5. Honduras. Clippings: 1975, and undated. Conflict between the Guatemalan
government and United Brands, the successor to the United Fruit Company,
over bananas.
6. Nicaragua. Clippings: 1974-1978. Dictator General Anastasio Somoza's
regime; opposition to it; eventual rebellion (1978); American-led 'mediation
attempts'.
7. Panama: Canal Zone. Clippings: 1942-1978. General information about
the country; purported kidnap plot involving Dame Margot Fonteyne, her
husband Dr. Roberto Arias, and stepson Roberto; revisions to the US
Panama Canal Treaty; canal history; British Survey Vol VI (11),
1945. 'Panama Canal'.
8. El Salvador. Clippings: 1974-1978. General information about the
country; criminal arms sales: attempt by Col. Manuel Alfonso Rodriguez;
El Salvador attack on Honduras; rightist government: politics and political
oppression.
Section 8: Chile
1. General, History, Economics, etc. Population. Clippings:1974-1977.
2. Allende Government. Clippings: 1972-1973. President Allende's left-wing
government; the growing movement to oust them; increasing military involvement
in government; Allende's death.
3. Overthrow and murder of Allende. Clippings: 1973-1975. Right-wing
attacks; President Allende's death; its aftermath as the right-wing
military government takes over power; Pinochet governments reprisals
on left-wing supporters.
4. Pinochet Regime: arrests, murders, torture of Allende supporters.
Clippings: 1973-1978. Right-wing junta under Pinochet; its record of
atrocities against political opponents; reports of disappearances; reports
of the activities of DINA, the national intelligence directorate; its
killings and reign of terror; growing opposition to Pinochet; handwritten
note, not by Cookridge, of some background information on Guzman and
Pinochet.
5. Articles by foreign observers on Allende, and the Junta. Clippings:
1973-1975.
6. Relations with other countries, e.g. Latin America, Britain, the
USA; Arms. Clippings: 1973-1978. Breaks in diplomatic relations; embassy
attacks; relationship with other countries; cut-offs in British aid
and arms.
7. Torture cases: Dr. Cassidy (1976). Clippings: 1975-1977. The arrest,
detention, torture, and release of Dr. Sheila Cassidy, a British doctor;
she was charged with treating a wounded guerilla; her own account.
8. Exchange (for Bukovsky) of Corvalan, December, 1976. Clippings: 1976-1977.
Exchange of political prisoners, Luis Corvalan, Secretary-General of
the Chilean Communist Party; the release of other prisoners for cash.
9Murder of Orlando Letelier, and murders (1976) in other countries.
Clippings: 1975-1978. Killings by Pinochet's government outside of Chile;
culmination in the murder of Orlando Letelier in Washington, DC.
10. Beagle Channel Dispute. Clippings: 1978. Dispute with Argentina
over three islands in the Beagle Channel.
Section 9: Colombia, Ecuador, Venezuela
1. Colombia. Clippings: 1972-1978. Politics; guerilla activity; human
rights with Dr. Alfredo Vazquez Carrizosa; bombs; general strikes in
Colombia, Peru, and Ecuador.
2. Ecuador. Clippings: 1975-1976. Politics; arrests at International
Gathering of Catholic Bishops, priests, nuns, and laymen (for 'subversion');
their release by the junta amidst national protest.
3. Venezuela. Clippings: 1958-1976. Elections of Betancourt; his ouster
by Jiminez, and re-election; oil investment concerns; later influence
of Venezuela in Caribbean; detention of Salon Mesa Espinoza and Fortunato
Herrera in a military prison.
Section 10: Cuba
1. Cuba: General. Clippings: 1960-1979. Castro as Personality; relations
with Russia and Soviet allies; politics; relations with USA; economics,
missile crisis; interventions in Angola; obits for J. M. Cardona, Batista;
Cuba and skyjackers; spheres of influence; sports; establishment of
diplomatic relations with USA; its independent stance.
Section 11: Greece
1. General: History, two World Wars. Clippings: 1962, 1974. Holidaying
in Greece; historical book review.
2. Royal Family. Clippings: 1962-1975, and undated. Wedding of Prince
Constantine and Princess Anne-Marie; genealogy back to Queen Victoria;
the royal couple and their children; speculation on Constantine's possible
future.
4. Papadopoulos regime, King Constantine's Exile. Clippings: 1969-1977.
Removal of Constantine; rule of the colonels; diplomatic manoeuvres;
obit Princess Aspasia; King Constantine, the businessman; monks at Athos.
5. I: Prisons and tortures under (both) military regimes, 1967-1974.
Clippings: 1968-1974. Conditions in prison; torturing; Lady Fleming;
resistance to junta; death of Ann Chapman; George Papadopoulos; deportation
of leftists to Yaros (Yura) island, and release of some; physical evidence
of torture.
5. II: Torture in Greece. Clippings: 1975-1976. Revenge of a composer;
justice for soldiers accused of torture during junta; murder of a student;
sentences for torture increased; reaction of the accused to the 'insult
of publicity'; death of Alexander Pangoulis; controversy over Prof.
N. E. Devletoglou's position; invitation to Cookridge to a press conference
with Devletoglou.
Greek Intelligence:
6. I: General. Clippings: undated (1960s). Published article about lapses
in British Intelligence.
6. II: Secret Service ('CIA') KYP, GDEA (Ministry of Public Order) renamed
by Karamanlis 'UPEA' (Directorate of National Security). Clippings:
1968-1974. Evidence of political persecution; visit of head of KYP to
Britain; arrests of three ex-ministers; abuse of law to require information;
confessions of an ex-KYP agent; British assertion of Papadopoulos's
involvement in supporting a right-wing coup in Italy.
6. III: Opposition in Greece. Clippings: 1968-1969, 1975. Summary arrests:
a general, students, the husband of Mrs. Helen Vlachos - all on trumped-up
charges; Strasbourg meeting of the Human Rights Commission; bombing.
6a. Spying on Émigrés. Clippings: 1969. British Commons request to deport
the Greek military attaché on the basis of a document sent by KYP to
demand surveillance of tourists; instructions for infiltration of Greek
'anti-government' organizations.
6b. Arrests of British seamen. Clippings: 1969. Two members of the British
Communist Party, and another, accused of distributing May Day leaflets
(produced in Poland); trial of Communist Greek seaman in absentia.
6c. Pro-junta propaganda in Britain. Clippings: 1968. Professional PR
firm (Maurice Fraser and Associates) hired to act on behalf of the Greek
colonels; accusations in Parliament that an unnamed MP was in the pay
of the junta.
6d. Secret Service (KYP): junta agents in Germany. Clippings: 1968.
Alleged murder plots by agents of junta against Greek opponents of the
junta; named potential victims given police protection; recall of Greek
KYP major over the threats.
Greece
7. This number not used.
8. Resistance against Colonels' regime. Clippings: 1967-1974. Escape
from Greece of Helen Vlachos; argument by Andreas Papandreou; rescue
of George Mylonas from Amorgos; John Spraos; threat against USA; 'sedition'
trial of alleged Communists; Radio Free Europe research paper (1970);
Lady Fleming; experiment in assessing political opinion; student opposition
to junta; review of Theodorakis' 'Journals of Resistance'; police 'barbarity';
Communists under Karamanlis.
9. Deposition of King: Republic (June, 1973). Clippings: 1972-1974,
and undated. Military coup forcing King Constantine off the throne and
into exile in Italy; rigging of constitutional vote; settling of the
king in Britain.
10. Overthrow of Papadopoulos; Ghizikis-Ioannides regime (Nov. 1973).
Clippings: 1973-1974. Politics; protests and curfew; purge of military
officers; acts of violence after Papadopoulos' departure; corruption
exposed; arms deals.
10a. Greek 'Beria': Brigadier Ioannides, Military Police Head, ESA.
Clippings: 1973-1975. Change of regime: Papadopoulos out, Ioannides
in; as head of Greek military police, Ioannides much feared; his ouster,
and reduction of police power; accession of civil government under Karamanlis;
problems on Crete; apparent plotting to return to power by Ioannides;
torture during his regime.
11. USA (CIA) Involvement: Naval and Air Bases, etc. Clippings: 1971,
1974.
12. Greek-Turkish conflict over Aegean (1974): Disagreement in Junta
(before Cyprus crisis). Clippings: 1974. Conflict over potential Aegean
oil; military posturing by Greece; Greek back down over rights to continental
shelf resources communicated to Turkey by Greek Foreign Minister; more
conflict; Greek Foreign Minister resigns.
13. Conflict with Turkey over Cyprus (1974). Clippings: 1974. Sabre-rattling;
attempt to get the UN to agree with Greece's position; history of conflict;
regime's sudden abandonment of Cypriot citizens; negotiations; arms
scandal and sudden change of regime in Greece.
13a. Conflict with NATO (and USA and Britain) over Cyprus: Intention
of withdrawal of US Bases. Clippings: 1974. Change of Greek regime resulted
in restoration of Greek navy; walkout of Greek staff at NATO; closure
of missile firing range on Crete; refusal to discuss Cyprus conflict
with the USA; threatened closure of US military bases; Papandreou and
the Pan-Hellenic Socialist Party; anti-American sentiments; Greek planned
withdrawal from NATO despite warnings; questions about reasonableness
of Greek position; closing of some US bases by Greeks.
14. End of Dictatorship: Karamanlis (July, 1974). Clippings: 1973-1974.
Panagoulis released as general amnesty for political prisoners; colonels
step down and ask Karamanlis to take over; some speculation over possible
return of King Constantine; causes of regime change; quick changes in
civil servant personnel; return of exiles; consequences of regime change
for Turkey and Cyprus; freedom of political action. See also Cyprus,
this Section, Envelope 13, entire Section 5 of Box 78, numerous others.
15 I. Junta Trials: Papadopoulos, Pattakos, Makazeros, and 17 accomplices.
Three sentenced to death, but commuted; eight sentenced to life terms;
seven sentenced to between 4 and 17 years; 2 acquitted. Clippings: 1973-1978.
15 II. Junta Trials: 1st torture trial of 14 officers, including police
(August, 1975). Clippings: 1975. Graphic accounts of the tortures inflicted;
printed image of defendants as trial began.
16 Referendum on Monarchy - no return of King (8/12/74). Clippings:
1974-1976. Editorial comments on his brief reign and present circumstances;
lack of enthusiasm in Greece.
17. Elections and new Political Parties (1974-1979). Clippings: 1972-1975.
Andreas Papandreou's return after the colonels' departure; Greek election;
Karamanlis wins over Papandreou; Constantine Tsatsos and his opposition
to authoritarian rule; Karamanlis' difficulties in facing some aspects
of Balkan culture; riots in Athens.
17a. Karamanlis Government: New appointments in Army, Navy administration.
Clipping: 1975.
18. Karamanlis and Soviet relations. 1974. Clipping: 1974.
19. Karamanlis' lax purge of army officers. Clippings: 1975. Rationale.
20. Trial of Officers plotting against Karamanlis Government in Feb.
1975, including Ioannides, who 'plotted from his cell'. Clippings: 1975.
Probable explanation for accusation of Karamanlis' "laxity".
21. Foreign Relations. Clippings: 1975-1977, and undated. Involvement
with NATO; desire for American arms aid despite closing US bases; relations
with foreigners in Greece; relations with neighbouring Balkan countries.
Section 12: Indochina: South Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, Thailand
1. General. Clipping: 1975. General political situation in the region.
2. Cambodia. Clippings: 1972-1976, and undated. Cambodian politics;
political corruption; Prince Norodom Sihanouk: deposed, his life in
Beijing, return to Cambodia and fall from favour; taking of power under
the Khmer Rouge; executions and repression; rescue of the American freighter
Mayaguez which had been seized by the Khmer Rouge; refugees from
Vietnam.
3. Laos. Clippings: 1973-1977. Military coup attempt in 1973; Communist
and guerilla attacks leading to the abdication of King Savang Vatthana;
seizure of power by the Communists; Soviet 'advisors' in Laos.
4. Thailand. Clippings: 1973. Battling insurgents; changing political
base in Thailand with a student-led opposition to a corrupt government.
5. North Vietnam. Clippings: 1975, and undated. Politics; the determination
to conquer South Vietnam.
6. South Vietnam. Clippings: 1969-1976. Political events; the anti-communist
war before the fall of Saigon; Vietnamese refugees and their lives outside
Vietnam; Communist government repressive acts against their opponents;
economic matters; extract from Keesing's Contemporary Archives, June
3-July 6, 1975 about events leading to the fall of Saigon; disappearance
of South Vietnamese diplomat from his London embassy; arrest of Huynh
Van Trong on suspicion of spying for Vietcong.
Box 84
Section 1: Indonesia
1. Indonesia. Clippings: 1945-1977, and undated. British Survey,
Vol VI (24), December 22, 1945. 'The Netherlands East Indies'; events
leading to Indonesian independence from the Netherlands; growing power
of Sukarno; Indonesian attack on Ambon; bloody repression of an attempted
coup in 1965; Sukarno's repressive activities; West Irian war against
Indonesia; large numbers of political prisoners in Indonesia; Indonesia's
involvement in East Timor; a 1976 plot against Suharto, President since
1965; voter intimidation.
Section 2: Iran (Persia): Secret Service
Iran (Persia):
1. Clippings: 1942-1975, and undated. British Survey Vol III
(5), 1 January, 1942, entitled, 'Iran', including a supplement map to
#5 and #6; extract from Keesing's Contemporary Archives, June
23-29, 1975; miscellaneous clippings, including its armed potential;
tourist guidebook for Tehran.
2. Shah. Clippings: 1959-1978, and undated. Shah Mohamed Reza Pahlavi;
his family; plots against him. See also: Box 80, Section 1, Envelopes
23, 24.
3. Government. Clippings: 1974-1978. Actions; one-party system; growing
discontent.
4. Anti-Shah Movement. Clippings: 1978, May to December. Growing discontent
with the Shah's rule; his deposition.
5. Khomeini. Clippings: 1978-1979. Ayatollah Ruholla Khomeini; his opposition
to the Shah from his exile in France; confrontations between his supporters
and pro-Shah groups; his return to Iran and confrontation with the legitimate
government.
6. Nuclear Power. Clippings: 1974-1978. Acquisition of nuclear power
plants, seven from France and ten from the USA; discussion about fuel
from Australia.
7. Oil and the Economy. Clippings: 1973-1978. Iran's oil exports; effects
on Iran's economy, and foreign relations; General Motors' announcement
of an assembly plant in Iran; other economic reports.
8. Arms Purchases. Clippings: 1974-1978. Arms purchases, including corruption
reports; most purchases from Britain or the USA.
9. International Relations. Clippings: 1968-1978, and undated. Relations
with other countries; Iranians in other countries.
10. Plots, Assassinations, and Executions. Clippings: 1968-1978. Secret
trials; plots against the Shah; executions; some amnesty for prisoners;
the assassination of several Americans and others; the bombing of a
cinema.
11. Border Conflict with Kurds, Iraq. Shah makes agreement with Iraq
over Kurds. Clippings: 1973-1975.
12. Kurdish Attacks, Actions against Iraq. Clippings: 1969-1974. Kurdish
attacks on an Iraq oil refinery; border fighting between Iran and Iraq.
13. Secret Service. Clippings: 1975-1978. The activities of the secret
police; SAVAE and their brutality.
14. Spying in the UK. Clippings: 1974. Incident where an Iranian diplomat
tried to persuade a British woman to "spy on the opponents of the
Shah's regime in Britain."
Section 3: Italy
1. General, History (Garibaldi, etc). Clippings: 1974. Reviews of book
about Garibaldi.
2. Mussolini's treasure (hoard). Clippings: 1957-1976. Rise and fall
of Mussolini, and his family and cohorts; reviews of, Collier, R.:
'Duce! The Rise and Fall of Benito Mussolini', Mussolini, R.: 'The Real
Mussolini', and Smith, D.M.: 'Mussolini's Roman Empire'; reviews of
books on fascism; the 'Dongo Treasure' and how the Communists got their
hands on it.
3. Government, Economy, NATO, and Foreign Relations. Clippings: 1974,
1978, and undated. The Post Office's sale of undelivered mail as waste
paper; political crises in the government; efforts of San Marino to
declare independence.
4. Communists, anarchists, and urban guerillas. Clippings: 1970-1979.
Radio Free Europe Research Paper (1970): 'How Stalin Tried to Remove
Togliatti. PCI Washes Dirty Linen'; activities of the red Brigades and
their supporters; Communist-inspired violence; review of Macciocchi,
M. A.: Letters from Inside the Italian Communist Party to Louis
Althusser'.
5. Communists in Government. Clippings: 1974-1978. Communists as part
of the governing centre-left coalition; growth of communists as elected
members of city, regional, and national governments.
6. Italian Secret Service (S.I.F.A.R.). Clippings: 1960-1977. Personnel,
and activities; typewritten note by Cookridge, regarding two heads of
the Secret Service: General Giovanni de Lorenzo, and Admiral Eugenio
Henke.
7. Italian Secret Service: Vanished Scientists' Case, 1962. Clippings:
1962. Disappearance of Mario Dolpicher and Corinna Gualdini.
8. Politics. Clippings: 1945-1978. British Survey VI (21): 'Italy
Revisited: Impressions of the Political Scene'; Italian politics; politically-inspired
violence.
9. Neo-Fascists. Clippings: 1946-1978. Neo-fascist activities; neo-fascist
politicians.
10. Mafia. Clippings: 1973-1977.
11. Criminal Activities. Clippings: 1975-1976, and undated. Variety
of crimes, including illegal business payments and bribes.
12. Parla Italiano? Italian-German language instruction. Liepzig,
Miniatur-Bibliothek.
Section 4: Japan
1. History, People, Economics. Clippings: 1942-1974. Pratt, J. 1942:
'Japan and the Modern World." Oxford Pamphlets #55,
32 pp; assessments of postwar Japan; Fisher, C.A., 1949. 'The Problem
of Japan' Current Affairs #91, 20 pp; historical perspective;
potential economic competition with the West; issue of Trade News
#11, 1966, and a typescript list of Japanese importers in London; labour
conditions; Observer review series on Japan (1974); Sunday
Telegraph series (1974); industry and politics.
2. Emperor Hirohito: Role during and after the War. Clippings: 1965-1974.
Biographical account; question of whether he should be classed as war
criminal; protocol.
3. Security for Royalty. Clippings: 1975. Japanese security following
Queen Elizabeth's security personnel to learn how to provide security
for her during an upcoming visit to Japan; security for Hirohito's visit
to the USA; seizure of weapons in New York.
4. Government: Premiers and Parties. Clippings: 1960-1976. Ikeda's 1960
Liberal Democrats; Tanaka's shaky hold on power under growing graft
scandal; women in Tanaka's life; his resignation; allegations of fiscal
irregularities over 30 years; accession of Takeo Miki as Prime Minister;
rising economic costs; debate over adopting nuclear power generation;
defense issues; Miki in trouble; arrest of Tanaka; appointment of Takeo
Fukuda as Prime Minister.
5. Lockheed Bribery Scandal. Clippings: Feb.-Oct. 1976. Lockheed bribed
members of the Lib.-Dem. Party to buy the F104 Starfighter jet, and
Tristar Airbus; subpoenas; call for hara-kiri; arrests of Tanaka, Wakasa,
and others for accepting bribes; proposed election in Japan.
6. Military Police, Secret Service. Clippings: 1951-1974, and undated.
Japanese 'peace party'; postwar National Police Reserve instead of an
army; Japanese Peace Treaty (1951); its implications; questions over
Pearl Harbor; navy; Japanese self-perception; social unrest; foreign
affairs; military perspectives in industry.
7. Secret Service Spies. Clippings: 1937-1946, and undated. Japanese
'Mata Hari'; too many photographers in Singapore; Toshiko Kawashima;
Yao Zai-fan in Shanghai; prewar spies in Singapore.
8. Communists, Revolutionary Movements, Students. Clippings: 1970-1976.
Radio Free Europe research papers: 'Japanese Communist Party's Success
Formula: Independence and Adaptation', 10 pp; 'Moscow to Negotiate JCP
Attendance at 24th Congress', 8 pp; expected success of Communists in
Tokyo municipal elections; profile of party; bomb near Mitsubishi plant;
police reaction to protesters; attacks on US and Russian embassies;
political advice to apparatchiks; JCP reaction to Lockheed scandal;
visit by Gromyko.
9. "Red Army" terrorists -Kuala Lumpur, 1975. Hostages taken
in US embassy. Terrorists freed and flown to Libya. Clippings: 1975.
10. Relations with other countries: Role in world politics. Clippings:
1970-1976. Japan in the struggle between China and Russia; Radio Free
Europe research paper: 'East European Trade with Japan', 4 pp; economic
interests in the area; USSR-Japan conflict over the four islands in
the North that were/are WW II 'booty'; need to retain clear shipping
lanes through contested territory; alarm at Russian sea/air exercises.
11. Reflections on World War II. Clippings: 1975-1976. Book reviews:
'Yukio Mishima', Onoda, H.: 'My Thirty-Year War'; history of the Russo-Japanese
War, 1904-1905; medical surveillance of survivors of Hiroshima and Nagasaki;
Kamikaze pilots and their motivations; monthly meetings of convicted
former torturers; Tokyo Rose.
Section 5: Liberia
1. Clippings: 1949-1974, and undated. History, description; long-time
President, William Tubman.
Section 6: Luxembourg
1. Clippings: 1964-1975. The principality; Grand Duchess Charlotte;
other personalities.
Section 7: Maldives
1. Clipping: 1975. Report of a coup led by the President, Ibrahim Nasir.
Section 8: Mexico
1. Clippings: 1971-1978, and undated. The country; history; Soviet attempt
at a coup; anti-government activists; Mexican politics; political kidnappings.
Section 9: Nepal, Bhutan, Sikkim
1. Nepal. Clippings: 1974. Coronation of Birendora Bir Bikram Shah Devas
as king.
2. Bhutan: Assassination attempt and Coronation of new King. Clippings:
1974.
3. Sikkim. Clippings: 1974. Vote to dismantle the monarchy; India's
absorption of the country.
Section 10: Netherlands
1. Clippings: 1974, and undated. Holland and its political life; undated
booklet: "Holland, a Short Survey" from The Netherlands Information
Service.
2. Royal Family. Clippings:1956-1976, and undated. Queen Juliana, Prince
Bernhard, and their four daughters; Princess Irene's marriage to Prince
Hugo de Bourbon; Princess Beatrix's engagement to Klaus von Amsberg.
3. Bribes to Prince Bernhard, 1976. Clippings: 1975-1976, and undated.
Prince Bernhard and his involvement in the Lockheed Aircraft bribe scandal.
4. War Criminals. Clippings: 1974-1978. Nazi sympathizers; SS membership.
5. Surinam. Clippings: 1975. Surinam's independence from Holland.
6. Moluccan terrorists in Amsterdam and Beilen, against Indonesia. Clippings:
1975-1978. South Moluccan campaign for independence from Indonesia;
including a plot to kidnap Queen Juliana; December 1975 hijacking of
a train; seizure of the Indonesian consulate in Amsterdam; May 1977
seizure of a village school and a train; trials of those involved in
the hostage incidents.
Section 11: Pakistan
1. Clippings: 1947-1977, and undated. British Survey VIII (22),
1947, 'Pakistan'; reports of massive corruption; opposition to the government;
President Bhutto's taking over; his government; Pakistan's acquisition
of a nuclear fuel processing plant from France; 1977 coup led by Gen.
Mohammed Zia-ul-Haq, which deposed Bhutto.
Section 12: Philippines
1. Clippings: 1944-1978. President Ferdinand Marcos; imposition of martial
law; his government; the opposition; Muslim insurrection against the
government; British Survey V (26), 1944. 'The Philippines'.
Box 85
Section 1: Portugal
1. General. Clippings: 1962-1977, and undated. The country, its history,
and its colonies; Supplement to British Survey II (8), [~1939}with
a map of Portugal and information on the Portuguese Empire.
2. Independence Movement in Colonies. Clippings: 1971-1977, and undated.
3. Angola. Clippings: 1972-1975. The fighting in Angola; Soviet and
Chinese supply of arms to the various factions.
4. Azores - Independence Movement, "Anti-Communist Base".
Clippings: 1975.
5. Guinea-Biscau Independence. Clippings: 1968-1975. Anti-Portuguese
rebels; the fighting leading to independence.
6. Macao. Clippings: 1974-1975. Portugal's efforts to hand Macao over
to China.
7. Madeira - Independence Demands. Clippings: 1975.
8. Mozambique. Clippings: 1973-1974. The fighting in Mozambique leading
to its independence.
9. Timor. Clippings: 1974-1975. Anti-communist fighting in East Timor;
Indonesia's involvement in the fighting.
10. Murder of General Delgado and investigations after the Revolution.
Clippings: 1961-1978. Humberto Delgado, a leader of anti-Salazar rebels;
his death; his accused killers from the Portuguese Secret Police; their
trials.
11. Coup détat April, 1974. Reports of Events; General Spinola;
Exile of Tomas and Caetano. Clippings: April-May, 1974.
12. General Spinola ousted, September 1974. Clippings: Sept.-Oct., 1974.
Events around the left-wing army coup.
13. General Spinola: Attempted Coup fails, March, 1975. He flees to
Spain, and into exile in Brazil. Succeeded by General Gomes. Clippings:
1975-1976.
14. General Spinola plans counter-revolution (1975) from exile in Brazil,
and August 1975 in Paris. Clippings: 1975-1978. His eventual return
to Portugal in 1976.
15. Politics to December 1974. Clippings: 1973-1974, and undated. The
junta following the revolution of April, 1974.
16. Politics, January-June, 1975. Clippings: 1975, and undated. Includes
the attempted coup in March, 1975.
17. Politics - July to December, 1975. Clippings: 1975. The abortive
military coup in late November; mid-year anti-communist violence.
18. Politics - 1976-1978. Politics and People.
19. Anti-communist moves: Burning of Communist Headquarters, and attacks
in the North. Clippings: 1974-1976. Also includes clippings on Communist
activities, personnel in Portugal.
20. Fall of Vasco Conçalves, Sept. 1975. Clippings: 1975.
21. Foreign relations. Clippings: 1974-1975.
22. Secret Service. Clippings: 1962-1977, and undated. The secret police.
23. D.G.S. Secret Police: Arrests after revolution; Trials postponed;
some flee. Clippings: 1974-1975. Activities of secret police both in
Portugal and in the colonies.
24. COPCON Security Corps, and General Carvalho, arrested January 20,
1976. Clippings: 1975-1976. Otelo de Carvalho and the security forces.
Section 2: Scandinavia
1. Denmark: History, Politics. Clippings: 1939-1975. British Survey,
I (9), 1939. 'Denmark; NATO issues; obit King Frederik (1972); obit
Ebbe Munck, Resistance Leader; resignation of Social Democrats; tax
issues in Liberal government; Faroe elections; Proposed coalition government
in Denmark; return of Social Democrats.
2. Denmark: Economics. Clippings: 1973-1975. Copy of letter to Cookridge
from A. E. Pedersen of 'Scandinavian News Letters, inviting him to become
a stringer; taxes under Liberal government; proposal for bridges and
tunnel linking Malmø and Copenhagen, to increase speed of travel from
Scandinavia to rest of Europe; the East Asiatic Company.
3. Finland. Clippings: 1943-1975. Wartime outline of Finnish government;
British Survey VIII (19), 1947. 'Finland'; Review of Upton, A.F.:
'Finland in Crisis, 1940-1941'; 'Finland's Station'; currency seizure;
election.
4. Iceland. Clippings: 1946-1974, and undated. Repertory theatre; University
of Reykjavik; 1974 election resulting in stalemate; odd coalition; US
base at Keflavik to be retained.
5. Iceland: Government Measures in Cod War. Clippings: 1973. Demand
for removal of British fleet; expulsion of a British diplomat; anti-British
stance of Prime Minister Olafur Johannesson.
6. Norway. Clippings: 1974-1977. Norway and North Sea oil; politics,
devolution; question of oil in the Barents Sea; surveillance system
problems.
7. Norway. Clippings: 1946-1976. Norway in or out of the EEC; typescript
of Aug. 1973; election forecast; British Survey VII (5) 1946.
'Norway'; varying views on King Haakon's escape from Norway in WW II.
8. Sweden. Clippings: 1974-1976. Freeing Stig Wennerström; reduction
of monarchical power; Observer series (1974) on Sweden; Olof
Palme; general election over nuclear energy, which he lost, and therefore
resigned; attempted insurrection in army; marriage of King Carl Gustav
to Silvia Summerlath.
9. Sweden. Clippings: 1970-1973. Proposed oversight by socialist government
of private Swedish industry; obit King Gustav VI (1973); same-day commentary
on fading socialism in Sweden; election tie.
Section 3: South Korea
1. Park Chung-Hee and Repression. Clippings: 1974-1976. Paranoia over
students, free press; death of his wife by a bullet meant for him; other
repressive activities.
2. Kim Dae Jung. Clippings: 1973-1976. Near-victor in 1972 elections;
opposition to Park's regime; in exile in Tokyo, and kidnapped possibly
by S. Korean secret police; political fallout with Japan; Kim's trial
and imprisonment in Seoul.
3. Tension between North and South Korea; American threats of bombing
North Korea. Clippings: 1974-1976. Deadlock in Panmunjom talks; fears
of war; saber-rattling by both sides; tunnel explosions and political
implications; murder of two US officers by North Koreans with axes.
4. Relations with USA: Bribery scandals, military/diplomatic issues.
Clippings: 1974-1975. Trade with China; bribery of US Congressmen to
influence US policy toward S. Korea; planned troop withdrawals by US,
and the consternation; political contributions demanded by S. Korea
of US businesses with manufacturing in Korea; threat of price controls;
historical account of Korean War.
5. Alleged Spies. Clippings: 1969-1976. South Korean students in Britain
alleged as spies by Park regime; one, at least, lured home with 'job
offer', arrested, and executed.
Section 4: Spain
1. Clippings: 1943-1951. Series of British Survey issues: Vol
IV (21), May 7, 1943 'Spain'; Vol. VIII (21), December, 1947 'Portrait
of a Spaniard'; Main Series # 31, October, 1951 'Spanish Background'.
2. General. Clippings: 1959-1976, and undated. General information on
the country; biographical data on Fernando Maria Castiella, Spanish
Minister for Foreign Affairs; article about Spanish neutrality in 1942-1943.
3. Franco's Semi-Retirement, and new Prime Minister, Adm. Carrero Blanco
(June 1973). Clippings: 1973.
4. Assassination of Adm. Carrero Blanco, 20 XII 1973. Clippings: 1972-1974.
Biographical data on Luis Carrero Blanco; reports of his assassination
by Basque terrorists; their flight to France.
5. Prime Minister Carlos Arias Navarro (succeeds Adm. Carrero Blanco);
Promise of 'reforms' veering to Right, sacks 5 Ministers on Franco's
orders. Clippings: 1973-1975.
6. Franco's illness, 'Retirement' and comeback. Clippings: 1970-1975,
and undated. Returned to power in September, 1974; maintenance of his
right-wing police.
7. Last Illness and Death of Franco (1975), also pre-history to his
possible retirement and transfer of power. Clippings: 1975-1976. Last
illness and death of Franco; memorial six months after his death.
8. Franco Regime: retrospective articles on his 'ousting'. Clippings:
1974-1975, and undated.
9. Prince Juan Carlos (sworn as successor in 1969) to rule in Franco's
illness in 1974. Clippings: 1958-1975. His engagement to Princess Sophia
of Greece.
10. Spanish Succession. Juan's claim to the throne in place of his son.
Clippings: 1975-1976. Don Juan of Bourbon, the pretender to the throne
of Spain, and father of Juan Carlos; after Juan Carlos became King,
his father urged him to make Spain a democracy.
11. New Cabinet, including Fraga, and futile amnesty. Clippings: 1973-1976.
12. 'New King' Don Juan Carlos, and forecasts of new regime. Clippings:
1975.
13. Carlists. Clippings: 1976-1977. The Carlist claim to the Throne
in Spain goes back to the War of Spanish Succession in 1700.
14. Kidnapping by G.R.A.P.O. of Sr. Oriol. Demand for freeing of political
prisoners. Clippings: 1976-1978, and Undated. December 1976 kidnappings
of Antonio de Oriol and Emilio Villaescusa; other terrorist activities
by G.R.A.P.O., a functional left-wing group.
15. Socialists and Trade Unions. Visits of British Labour and TUC leaders.
Clippings: 1973-1977. Trade unions and socialist opposition to the Spanish
government; labour unrest, before and after Franco's death; British
trade union leaders' visit to Spain.
16. Suarez government, referendum, electoral reform. Clippings: 1976.
Events leading to the appointment of Adolpho Suarez as Prime Minister,
succeeding Carlos Arias Navarro; the Suarez government and the 1976
referendum.
17. Communist Party, Arrest of Santiago Carillo. Clippings: 1972-1978.
The Spanish Communist Party and its shift from Moscow toward Beijing;
activities of the Spanish Communists and their leaders Santiago Carillo
and Dolores Ibarruri, "La Passionaria".
18. Communists in Spain. Clippings: 1970-1971, and undated. Undated
article about the Spanish Communist Party and its history; four Radio
Free Europe Research papers: July, 1970: 'Spanish CP still backs Dubček,
Deplores Expulsion', October 1970: 'Spanish CP Condemns Stalinism',
October, 1970: 'Spanish CP Expels Pro-Soviet Rebels: Czechoslovakia
Key Issue', June, 1971: 'Spanish CP Stands firm against Pro-Soviet Faction.
19. Neo-Francistas and Fascists 'Nueva Fuerza': pro-Franco Rallies and
Demonstrations. Clippings: 1976.
Box 86
Note: Envelope numbering continues from Box 85.
20. United States Bases, and President Ford's Visit to Franco. Clippings:
1975-1976. Spain's efforts to close US military bases in the country.
21. Foreign Relations. Clippings: 1970-1977. Relations with other nations
and world regions.
22. Arms Purchases. Clippings: 1973-1976. Arms sales to Spain; Spanish
investigation of possible Lockheed bribes in sales of aircraft to the
Spanish military.
23. Gibraltar. Clippings: 1970-1976. Spanish claims to Gibraltar; British
and Gibraltarian reactions.
24. Press Suppression. Clippings: 1965-1978. Suppression of writers,
newspapers, and magazines by the government of the day.
25. Repression. Clippings: 1975-1977. Government repression, torture.
26. Terrorist Activities. Clippings: 1074-1978. Activities of terrorists
in Spain; efforts against them.
27. Basques. Clippings: 1970-1978, and undated. The Basque region; Basque
fights against the Spanish government.
28. E.T.A., and Basque Persecution: Trials, death sentences, also some
earlier references to Basques. Clippings: 1970-1976.
29. Catalonia. Clippings: 1974-1977. Relations between the Spanish government
and the Catalan nationalists looking for autonomy.
30. Spanish Civil War. Clippings: 1965-1977. The Civil War; the people
involved; book reviews.
31.General to December, 1975. Clippings: 1968-1975, and undated. Spanish
history and politics.
32. Politics: Changes in Spain in 1976. Clippings: 1976. Unrest; government
changes from Franco dictatorship toward democracy.
33. Politics, 1977. Clippings: 1977. Continuing moves toward democracy.
34. Politics, 1978. Clippings: 1978.
35. Ceuta-Melilla conflict with Morocco. Clippings: 1974-1975.
36. Spanish Sahara Crisis: Conflict with Morocco and Mauritania. Clippings:
1974-1976.
37. Civil Guards' Officers Plot Foiled. Clippings: Nov. 1978. Failed
plot by right-wing army officers.
38. Andorra. Clippings: 1946-1976. The principality, and its political
life.
Section 5: Spanish Secret Service
1. Clippings: not dated. Handwritten Cookridge notes about the Spanish
Secret Service and Security groups; relations with other groups.
2. Sigurdad and Police: Outrages, etc. Clippings: 1972-1976. Police
brutality.
3. Police 'Reform': Three Heads Sacked. Clippings: 1976.
4. Strikes: Metro-Madrid, Police Action and Arrests; Leftists Rally
in Opposition. Clippings: 1975-1976. The strike; events leading up to
it.
5. Spanish Army Unrest. Officers arrested, and sentenced to long prison
terms; Civil Service unrest. Clippings: 1974-1976.
6. Executions and World-wide Protest. Clippings: 1975, and undated (probably
1975). Sentencing of 11 guerillas, some Basques; execution of five of
them; world reaction against the executions.
7. Falangists, Right Terrorists. "Los Guerilleros de Cristo Rey".
Clippings: 1975.
8. Rightists Riot Against Reforms, and Left: Clashes after promise of
reforms. Clippings: 1973-1975.
9. F.R.A.P. Resistance Movement. Arrests of 'terrorists' Operations.
Clippings: 1972-1975, and undated. Leaflet (undated) advertising a Communist
rally in London; non-FRAP opposition to Franco and government repression.
Section 6: Switzerland
1. Politics, Economics. Clippings: 1961-1977. Swiss banks, historically
and under new laws; Liechtenstein's economy; rejected expulsion of foreign
nationals working in Switzerland; internal politics.
2. Secret Service, clandestine acts. Clippings: 1946-1976. Some terrorist
attacks; presence of numerous spies in the country; Dubois 'affair';
death of Nazi spy leader after World War II.
Section 7: Taiwan (Formosa)
1. Clippings: 1961-1978. Politics; the island; position in UN; nuclear
capability; participation in 1976 Olympics; its position vis-à-vis
China.
2. Chiang Kai-Shek, and his death. Clippings: 1961-1975. Dealing with
Communists; profiles of Chiang; obits; punditry on future of the island.
3. Cheng Tsu-tsai. Clippings: 1972-1975. Person accused of trying to
assassinate Dr. Chiang Ching-kuo, Chiang Kai-Shek's son.
Section 8: Thailand
1. History, Politics. Clippings: 1949-1977. Postwar outline of Siam
(Thailand); military and governance issues to 1977.
Section 9: Turkey
1. History, General. Clippings: 1944-1977. From Byzantium to Istanbul;
British Survey VII(2), 1946, 15 pp, entitled 'Turkey'; political
instability; threat of military takeover; allegations of torture of
political prisoners; Patriarch Dimitrios I.
2. Politics, Elections I. Clippings: 1973-1978. Obit Ismet Inönü; jailing
of leftists; opium from Turkey increasing in Europe; Ecevit as Prime
Minister, poet, and humanitarian; Demirel as Prime Minister; killing
of Turkish ambassadors, possibly by Armenian terrorists; consequences
for Cyprus situation; book review: Arlen, M. 'Passage to Ararat', on
genocide in Armenia; oil exploration in the Aegean; violence and torture
continue in Istanbul; Turkish-Soviet uneasiness.
3. Politics, Elections II. Clippings: 1974. Problems: US aid levels;
war with Greece over Cyprus; failure of Geneva talks.
4. NATO, takeover of American bases. Clippings: 1974-1975. Threats by
US of withdrawal of aid, armaments; embargo action of US Congress; retaliation
by Turkey; reversal of embargo, but refusal to sell arms; Turkey takes
over US bases, and hangs onto them despite reversal of decision on arms.
Section 10: Uruguay
1. Politics, Economics, Terrorism. Clippings: 1973-1977. Military junta;
torture, murder; ban on political activity; vague proposal of distant
elections.
Section 11: The Vatican
1. Religion, The Catholic Church. Clippings: 1939, 1974. Outline of
the College of Cardinals; Observer Magazine article on changes
occurring in Christianity.
2. Cardinals. Clippings: 1945-1946, and undated. Pius XI urged to update
selection process for cardinals (1930s); articles about newly selected
cardinals; speculation on Archbishop Spellman as presumptive new cardinal;
manuscript by 'Raynham Parker'( Cookridge) on Spellman's wartime diplomatic
history and the likelihood of his being chosen as Papal Secretary of
State (see also Box 25, File 11); Cookridge's handwritten notes in preparation
for the manuscript; typescript by Louis Perousine typed from an article
owned by London Newspaper Services, Ltd. Note: This may not be by Cookridge,
largely because it is a first copy from Page 2 onward.
3. Cardinals Mindszenty, Wycynzski. Clippings: 1974.
4. Pope Pius XII. Clippings: 1957-1975. Speculation on Cardinal Agagianian
as possible successor to Pius XII; Pius XII's presence at canonization
of saints; book review: the Vatican during the war; legal question to
decide whether Pope Pius XII could have stopped the Nazis' killing Italian
partisans during WW II; Book reviews: Sereny, G. "Into That Darkness"
from an interview with Franz Stangl, on Vatican silence in 1939-1941
when it apparently knew about Nazi 'euthanasia' of Jews.
5. Pope John XXIII. Clippings: 1961-1975. The man; book reviews.
6. Pope Paul VI. Clippings: 1970-1978. Attempt on the life of Paul VI;
apparent frantic attempts to locate the late Cardinal Tisserant's secret
papers which were thought to contain strong criticism of Pauls
Vatican policies; article on Benelli, Paul VI's 'right-hand man'; Benelli's
displeasure at article; Benelli's opposition to reforms of the Second
Vatican council; story on the putative assassin of Paul VI; suggested
financial disaster at the Vatican; speculation on the successor to Paul
VI; warning about Communists; increasing numbers of Communists running
in Italian elections; obit Paul VI.
7. Pope John Paul I. Clippings: August, 1978.
8. Pope John Paul II. Clippings: 1974, 1978-1979. Speculation on the
possibility of a non-Italian pope; biographical information on Karol
Wojytila after his election; his hopes for the Eastern bloc.
9. Opposition to Papacy. Clippings: 1973, 1976. Diplomacy to Moscow;
fear of infiltration of Vatican by CIA or KGB; lawsuit by homosexuals
against Paul VI; attempt by British Communist to be considered as a
future Pope with his desire to reconcile Jesus and Karl Marx; intervention
in election process; excommunication of Archbishop Lefebvre for continuing
to use Latin in French mass in opposition to Paul VI's order that it
be conducted in the language of the congregation; unfrocking of an abbot
for supporting Communist perspectives.
10. British Roman Catholic Church. Clippings: 1961-1976, and undated.
Historical perspective on Catholic Church in Britain; Catholic schools;
elevation of Archbishop Griffin; article on death by Archbishop Heenan;
accompanying article by Mary Stocks; preparations for Second Vatican
Council; Archbishop Cardinale, Apostolic Delegate to Britain; accusation
in Tisserant's diaries that Mussolini ordered the death of Pope Pius
XI, which is denied; Catholics to be allowed to become Freemasons, with
their bishop's permission; stamp theft from Vatican; profile of Archbishop
Hume; his elevation to Cardinal; book review, Bossy, J. "The English
Catholic Community".
11. Clippings: 1964-1979. The Vatican's political influence; rapprochement
with Jews; opposition to social gospel by John Paul II.
12. Wealth. Clippings: 1961 - 1971. Sunday Telegraph articles
on Vatican wealth, business organization; book review on Vatican finances.
13. Swiss Guard, History, Intrigue. Clippings: 1972-1974, and undated.
Pope Clement XV; letter denying possible murder of Pope Pius XI; role
of Swiss Guard.
Pamphlet, Annual Review of World Press Freedom, 1976
Rolled Film negatives
National Archives of the United States , a microfilm publication, Data
Sheets to Microfilmed [sic], Captured German Records from World
War II, roll 27, 1969; 1 roll of microfilm
Back to Top